Pie charts#

Demo of plotting a pie chart.

This example illustrates various parameters of pie.

Label slices#

Plot a pie chart of animals and label the slices. To add labels, pass a list of labels to the wedge_labels parameter.

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

labels = 'Frogs', 'Hogs', 'Dogs', 'Logs'
sizes = [12, 24, 36, 8]

fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.pie(sizes, wedge_labels=labels)

Each slice of the pie chart is a patches.Wedge object; therefore in addition to the customizations shown here, each wedge can be customized using the wedgeprops argument, as demonstrated in Nested pie charts.

Set label positions#

If you want the labels outside the pie, set a wedge_label_distance greater than 1. This is the distance from the center of the pie as a fraction of its radius.

fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.pie(sizes, wedge_labels=labels, wedge_label_distance=1.1)

Auto-label slices#

Pass a format string to wedge_labels to label slices with their values...

fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.pie(sizes, wedge_labels='{absval:.1f}')

...or with their percentages...

fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.pie(sizes, wedge_labels='{frac:.1%}')

...or both.

fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.pie(sizes, wedge_labels='{absval:d}\n{frac:.1%}')

For more control over labels, or to add multiple sets, see Labeling pie charts.

Color slices#

Pass a list of colors to colors to set the color of each slice.

fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.pie(sizes, colors=['olivedrab', 'rosybrown', 'gray', 'saddlebrown'])

Hatch slices#

Pass a list of hatch patterns to hatch to set the pattern of each slice.

fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.pie(sizes, hatch=['**O', 'oO', 'O.O', '.||.'])

Explode, shade, and rotate slices#

In addition to the basic pie chart, this demo shows a few optional features:

• offsetting a slice using explode

• add a drop-shadow using shadow

• custom start angle using startangle

This example orders the slices, separates (explodes) them, and rotates them.

explode = (0, 0.2, 0, 0)  # only "explode" the 2nd slice (i.e. 'Hogs')

fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.pie(sizes, explode=explode, wedge_labels='{frac:.1%}', shadow=True, startangle=90)
plt.show()

The default startangle is 0, which would start the first slice ("Frogs") on the positive x-axis. This example sets startangle = 90 such that all the slices are rotated counter-clockwise by 90 degrees, and the frog slice starts on the positive y-axis.

Grow or shrink pie#

By changing the radius parameter, and often the text size for better visual appearance, the pie chart can be scaled.

fig, ax = plt.subplots()

ax.pie(sizes, wedge_labels='{frac:.1%}', textprops={'size': 'small'}, radius=0.5)
plt.show()

Modify shadow#

The shadow parameter may optionally take a dictionary with arguments to the Shadow patch. This can be used to modify the default shadow.

fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.pie(sizes, explode=explode, shadow={'ox': -0.04, 'edgecolor': 'none', 'shade': 0.9},
       startangle=90)
plt.show()

Tags: plot-type: pie level: beginner

Total running time of the script: (0 minutes 10.170 seconds)

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