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/* -*- mode: c++; c-basic-offset: 4 -*- */

#ifndef MPL_PATH_H
#define MPL_PATH_H

#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 

#include "agg_conv_contour.h"
#include "agg_conv_curve.h"
#include "agg_conv_stroke.h"
#include "agg_conv_transform.h"
#include "agg_trans_affine.h"

#include "path_converters.h"
#include "_backend_agg_basic_types.h"

const size_t NUM_VERTICES[] = { 1, 1, 1, 2, 3 };

struct XY
{
    double x;
    double y;

    XY() : x(0), y(0) {}

    XY(double x_, double y_) : x(x_), y(y_)
    {
    }

    bool operator==(const XY& o)
    {
        return (x == o.x && y == o.y);
    }

    bool operator!=(const XY& o)
    {
        return (x != o.x || y != o.y);
    }
};

typedef std::vector Polygon;

inline void
_finalize_polygon(std::vector &result, bool closed_only)
{
    if (result.size() == 0) {
        return;
    }

    Polygon &polygon = result.back();

    /* Clean up the last polygon in the result.  */
    if (polygon.size() == 0) {
        result.pop_back();
    } else if (closed_only) {
        if (polygon.size() < 3) {
            result.pop_back();
        } else if (polygon.front() != polygon.back()) {
            polygon.push_back(polygon.front());
        }
    }
}

//
// The following function was found in the Agg 2.3 examples (interactive_polygon.cpp).
// It has been generalized to work on (possibly curved) polylines, rather than
// just polygons.  The original comments have been kept intact.
//  -- Michael Droettboom 2007-10-02
//
//======= Crossings Multiply algorithm of InsideTest ========================
//
// By Eric Haines, 3D/Eye Inc, erich@eye.com
//
// This version is usually somewhat faster than the original published in
// Graphics Gems IV; by turning the division for testing the X axis crossing
// into a tricky multiplication test this part of the test became faster,
// which had the additional effect of making the test for "both to left or
// both to right" a bit slower for triangles than simply computing the
// intersection each time.  The main increase is in triangle testing speed,
// which was about 15% faster; all other polygon complexities were pretty much
// the same as before.  On machines where division is very expensive (not the
// case on the HP 9000 series on which I tested) this test should be much
// faster overall than the old code.  Your mileage may (in fact, will) vary,
// depending on the machine and the test data, but in general I believe this
// code is both shorter and faster.  This test was inspired by unpublished
// Graphics Gems submitted by Joseph Samosky and Mark Haigh-Hutchinson.
// Related work by Samosky is in:
//
// Samosky, Joseph, "SectionView: A system for interactively specifying and
// visualizing sections through three-dimensional medical image data",
// M.S. Thesis, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science,
// Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1993.
//
// Shoot a test ray along +X axis.  The strategy is to compare vertex Y values
// to the testing point's Y and quickly discard edges which are entirely to one
// side of the test ray.  Note that CONVEX and WINDING code can be added as
// for the CrossingsTest() code; it is left out here for clarity.
//
// Input 2D polygon _pgon_ with _numverts_ number of vertices and test point
// _point_, returns 1 if inside, 0 if outside.
template 
void point_in_path_impl(PointArray &points, PathIterator &path, ResultArray &inside_flag)
{
    uint8_t yflag1;
    double vtx0, vty0, vtx1, vty1;
    double tx, ty;
    double sx, sy;
    double x, y;
    size_t i;
    bool all_done;

    size_t n = safe_first_shape(points);

    std::vector yflag0(n);
    std::vector subpath_flag(n);

    path.rewind(0);

    for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
        inside_flag[i] = 0;
    }

    unsigned code = 0;
    do {
        if (code != agg::path_cmd_move_to) {
            code = path.vertex(&x, &y);
            if (code == agg::path_cmd_stop ||
                (code & agg::path_cmd_end_poly) == agg::path_cmd_end_poly) {
                continue;
            }
        }

        sx = vtx0 = vtx1 = x;
        sy = vty0 = vty1 = y;

        for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            ty = points(i, 1);

            if (std::isfinite(ty)) {
                // get test bit for above/below X axis
                yflag0[i] = (vty0 >= ty);

                subpath_flag[i] = 0;
            }
        }

        do {
            code = path.vertex(&x, &y);

            // The following cases denote the beginning on a new subpath
            if (code == agg::path_cmd_stop ||
                (code & agg::path_cmd_end_poly) == agg::path_cmd_end_poly) {
                x = sx;
                y = sy;
            } else if (code == agg::path_cmd_move_to) {
                break;
            }

            for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
                tx = points(i, 0);
                ty = points(i, 1);

                if (!(std::isfinite(tx) && std::isfinite(ty))) {
                    continue;
                }

                yflag1 = (vty1 >= ty);
                // Check if endpoints straddle (are on opposite sides) of
                // X axis (i.e. the Y's differ); if so, +X ray could
                // intersect this edge.  The old test also checked whether
                // the endpoints are both to the right or to the left of
                // the test point.  However, given the faster intersection
                // point computation used below, this test was found to be
                // a break-even proposition for most polygons and a loser
                // for triangles (where 50% or more of the edges which
                // survive this test will cross quadrants and so have to
                // have the X intersection computed anyway).  I credit
                // Joseph Samosky with inspiring me to try dropping the
                // "both left or both right" part of my code.
                if (yflag0[i] != yflag1) {
                    // Check intersection of pgon segment with +X ray.
                    // Note if >= point's X; if so, the ray hits it.  The
                    // division operation is avoided for the ">=" test by
                    // checking the sign of the first vertex wrto the test
                    // point; idea inspired by Joseph Samosky's and Mark
                    // Haigh-Hutchinson's different polygon inclusion
                    // tests.
                    if (((vty1 - ty) * (vtx0 - vtx1) >= (vtx1 - tx) * (vty0 - vty1)) == yflag1) {
                        subpath_flag[i] ^= 1;
                    }
                }

                // Move to the next pair of vertices, retaining info as
                // possible.
                yflag0[i] = yflag1;
            }

            vtx0 = vtx1;
            vty0 = vty1;

            vtx1 = x;
            vty1 = y;
        } while (code != agg::path_cmd_stop &&
                 (code & agg::path_cmd_end_poly) != agg::path_cmd_end_poly);

        all_done = true;
        for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            tx = points(i, 0);
            ty = points(i, 1);

            if (!(std::isfinite(tx) && std::isfinite(ty))) {
                continue;
            }

            yflag1 = (vty1 >= ty);
            if (yflag0[i] != yflag1) {
                if (((vty1 - ty) * (vtx0 - vtx1) >= (vtx1 - tx) * (vty0 - vty1)) == yflag1) {
                    subpath_flag[i] = subpath_flag[i] ^ true;
                }
            }
            inside_flag[i] |= subpath_flag[i];
            if (inside_flag[i] == 0) {
                all_done = false;
            }
        }

        if (all_done) {
            break;
        }
    } while (code != agg::path_cmd_stop);
}

template 
inline void points_in_path(PointArray &points,
                           const double r,
                           PathIterator &path,
                           agg::trans_affine &trans,
                           ResultArray &result)
{
    for (auto i = 0; i < safe_first_shape(points); ++i) {
        result[i] = false;
    }
    if (path.total_vertices() < 3) {
        return;
    }
    auto trans_path = agg::conv_transform{path, trans};
    auto no_nans_path = PathNanRemover{trans_path, true, path.has_codes()};
    auto curved_path = agg::conv_curve{no_nans_path};
    if (r != 0.0) {
        auto contoured_path = agg::conv_contour{curved_path};
        contoured_path.width(r);
        point_in_path_impl(points, contoured_path, result);
    } else {
        point_in_path_impl(points, curved_path, result);
    }
}

template 
inline bool point_in_path(
    double x, double y, const double r, PathIterator &path, agg::trans_affine &trans)
{
    py::ssize_t shape[] = {1, 2};
    py::array_t points_arr(shape);
    *points_arr.mutable_data(0, 0) = x;
    *points_arr.mutable_data(0, 1) = y;
    auto points = points_arr.mutable_unchecked();

    int result[1];
    result[0] = 0;

    points_in_path(points, r, path, trans, result);

    return result[0] != 0;
}

template 
inline bool point_on_path(
    double x, double y, const double r, PathIterator &path, agg::trans_affine &trans)
{
    py::ssize_t shape[] = {1, 2};
    py::array_t points_arr(shape);
    *points_arr.mutable_data(0, 0) = x;
    *points_arr.mutable_data(0, 1) = y;
    auto points = points_arr.mutable_unchecked();

    int result[1];
    result[0] = 0;

    auto trans_path = agg::conv_transform{path, trans};
    auto nan_removed_path = PathNanRemover{trans_path, true, path.has_codes()};
    auto curved_path = agg::conv_curve{nan_removed_path};
    auto stroked_path = agg::conv_stroke{curved_path};
    stroked_path.width(r * 2.0);
    point_in_path_impl(points, stroked_path, result);
    return result[0] != 0;
}

struct extent_limits
{
    XY start;
    XY end;
    /* minpos is the minimum positive values in the data; used by log scaling. */
    XY minpos;

    extent_limits() : start{0,0}, end{0,0}, minpos{0,0} {
        reset();
    }

    void reset()
    {
        start.x = std::numeric_limits::infinity();
        start.y = std::numeric_limits::infinity();
        end.x = -std::numeric_limits::infinity();
        end.y = -std::numeric_limits::infinity();
        minpos.x = std::numeric_limits::infinity();
        minpos.y = std::numeric_limits::infinity();
    }

    void update(double x, double y)
    {
        start.x = std::min(start.x, x);
        start.y = std::min(start.y, y);
        end.x = std::max(end.x, x);
        end.y = std::max(end.y, y);
        if (x > 0.0) {
            minpos.x = std::min(minpos.x, x);
        }
        if (y > 0.0) {
            minpos.y = std::min(minpos.y, y);
        }
    }
};

template 
void update_path_extents(PathIterator &path, agg::trans_affine &trans, extent_limits &extents)
{
    double x, y;
    unsigned code;

    auto tpath = agg::conv_transform{path, trans};
    auto nan_removed = PathNanRemover{tpath, true, path.has_codes()};

    nan_removed.rewind(0);

    while ((code = nan_removed.vertex(&x, &y)) != agg::path_cmd_stop) {
        if ((code & agg::path_cmd_end_poly) == agg::path_cmd_end_poly) {
            continue;
        }
        extents.update(x, y);
    }
}

template 
void get_path_collection_extents(agg::trans_affine &master_transform,
                                 PathGenerator &paths,
                                 TransformArray &transforms,
                                 OffsetArray &offsets,
                                 agg::trans_affine &offset_trans,
                                 extent_limits &extent)
{
    if (offsets.size() != 0 && offsets.shape(1) != 2) {
        throw std::runtime_error("Offsets array must have shape (N, 2)");
    }

    auto Npaths = paths.size();
    auto Noffsets = safe_first_shape(offsets);
    auto N = std::max(Npaths, Noffsets);
    auto Ntransforms = std::min(safe_first_shape(transforms), N);

    agg::trans_affine trans;

    extent.reset();

    for (auto i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
        typename PathGenerator::path_iterator path(paths(i % Npaths));
        if (Ntransforms) {
            py::ssize_t ti = i % Ntransforms;
            trans = agg::trans_affine(transforms(ti, 0, 0),
                                      transforms(ti, 1, 0),
                                      transforms(ti, 0, 1),
                                      transforms(ti, 1, 1),
                                      transforms(ti, 0, 2),
                                      transforms(ti, 1, 2));
        } else {
            trans = master_transform;
        }

        if (Noffsets) {
            double xo = offsets(i % Noffsets, 0);
            double yo = offsets(i % Noffsets, 1);
            offset_trans.transform(&xo, &yo);
            trans *= agg::trans_affine_translation(xo, yo);
        }

        update_path_extents(path, trans, extent);
    }
}

template 
void point_in_path_collection(double x,
                              double y,
                              double radius,
                              agg::trans_affine &master_transform,
                              PathGenerator &paths,
                              TransformArray &transforms,
                              OffsetArray &offsets,
                              agg::trans_affine &offset_trans,
                              bool filled,
                              std::vector &result)
{
    auto Npaths = paths.size();

    if (Npaths == 0) {
        return;
    }

    auto Noffsets = safe_first_shape(offsets);
    auto N = std::max(Npaths, Noffsets);
    auto Ntransforms = std::min(safe_first_shape(transforms), N);

    agg::trans_affine trans;

    for (auto i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
        typename PathGenerator::path_iterator path = paths(i % Npaths);

        if (Ntransforms) {
            auto ti = i % Ntransforms;
            trans = agg::trans_affine(transforms(ti, 0, 0),
                                      transforms(ti, 1, 0),
                                      transforms(ti, 0, 1),
                                      transforms(ti, 1, 1),
                                      transforms(ti, 0, 2),
                                      transforms(ti, 1, 2));
            trans *= master_transform;
        } else {
            trans = master_transform;
        }

        if (Noffsets) {
            double xo = offsets(i % Noffsets, 0);
            double yo = offsets(i % Noffsets, 1);
            offset_trans.transform(&xo, &yo);
            trans *= agg::trans_affine_translation(xo, yo);
        }

        if (filled) {
            if (point_in_path(x, y, radius, path, trans)) {
                result.push_back(i);
            }
        } else {
            if (point_on_path(x, y, radius, path, trans)) {
                result.push_back(i);
            }
        }
    }
}

template 
bool path_in_path(PathIterator1 &a,
                  agg::trans_affine &atrans,
                  PathIterator2 &b,
                  agg::trans_affine &btrans)
{
    if (a.total_vertices() < 3) {
        return false;
    }

    auto b_path_trans = agg::conv_transform{b, btrans};
    auto b_no_nans = PathNanRemover{b_path_trans, true, b.has_codes()};
    auto b_curved = agg::conv_curve{b_no_nans};

    double x, y;
    b_curved.rewind(0);
    while (b_curved.vertex(&x, &y) != agg::path_cmd_stop) {
        if (!point_in_path(x, y, 0.0, a, atrans)) {
            return false;
        }
    }

    return true;
}

/** The clip_path_to_rect code here is a clean-room implementation of
    the Sutherland-Hodgman clipping algorithm described here:

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sutherland-Hodgman_clipping_algorithm
*/

namespace clip_to_rect_filters
{
/* There are four different passes needed to create/remove
   vertices (one for each side of the rectangle).  The differences
   between those passes are encapsulated in these functor classes.
*/
struct bisectx
{
    double m_x;

    bisectx(double x) : m_x(x)
    {
    }

    inline XY bisect(const XY s, const XY p) const
    {
        double dx = p.x - s.x;
        double dy = p.y - s.y;
        return {
            m_x,
            s.y + dy * ((m_x - s.x) / dx),
        };
    }
};

struct xlt : public bisectx
{
    xlt(double x) : bisectx(x)
    {
    }

    inline bool is_inside(const XY point) const
    {
        return point.x = m_x;
    }
};

struct bisecty
{
    double m_y;

    bisecty(double y) : m_y(y)
    {
    }

    inline XY bisect(const XY s, const XY p) const
    {
        double dx = p.x - s.x;
        double dy = p.y - s.y;
        return {
            s.x + dx * ((m_y - s.y) / dy),
            m_y,
        };
    }
};

struct ylt : public bisecty
{
    ylt(double y) : bisecty(y)
    {
    }

    inline bool is_inside(const XY point) const
    {
        return point.y = m_y;
    }
};
}

template 
inline void clip_to_rect_one_step(const Polygon &polygon, Polygon &result, const Filter &filter)
{
    bool sinside, pinside;
    result.clear();

    if (polygon.size() == 0) {
        return;
    }

    auto s = polygon.back();
    for (auto p : polygon) {
        sinside = filter.is_inside(s);
        pinside = filter.is_inside(p);

        if (sinside ^ pinside) {
            result.emplace_back(filter.bisect(s, p));
        }

        if (pinside) {
            result.emplace_back(p);
        }

        s = p;
    }
}

template 
auto
clip_path_to_rect(PathIterator &path, agg::rect_d &rect, bool inside)
{
    rect.normalize();
    auto xmin = rect.x1, xmax = rect.x2;
    auto ymin = rect.y1, ymax = rect.y2;

    if (!inside) {
        std::swap(xmin, xmax);
        std::swap(ymin, ymax);
    }

    auto curve = agg::conv_curve{path};

    Polygon polygon1, polygon2;
    XY point;
    unsigned code = 0;
    curve.rewind(0);
    std::vector results;

    do {
        // Grab the next subpath and store it in polygon1
        polygon1.clear();
        do {
            if (code == agg::path_cmd_move_to) {
                polygon1.emplace_back(point);
            }

            code = curve.vertex(&point.x, &point.y);

            if (code == agg::path_cmd_stop) {
                break;
            }

            if (code != agg::path_cmd_move_to) {
                polygon1.emplace_back(point);
            }
        } while ((code & agg::path_cmd_end_poly) != agg::path_cmd_end_poly);

        // The result of each step is fed into the next (note the
        // swapping of polygon1 and polygon2 at each step).
        clip_to_rect_one_step(polygon1, polygon2, clip_to_rect_filters::xlt(xmax));
        clip_to_rect_one_step(polygon2, polygon1, clip_to_rect_filters::xgt(xmin));
        clip_to_rect_one_step(polygon1, polygon2, clip_to_rect_filters::ylt(ymax));
        clip_to_rect_one_step(polygon2, polygon1, clip_to_rect_filters::ygt(ymin));

        // Empty polygons aren't very useful, so skip them
        if (polygon1.size()) {
            _finalize_polygon(results, true);
            results.push_back(polygon1);
        }
    } while (code != agg::path_cmd_stop);

    _finalize_polygon(results, true);

    return results;
}

template 
void affine_transform_2d(VerticesArray &vertices, agg::trans_affine &trans, ResultArray &result)
{
    if (vertices.size() != 0 && vertices.shape(1) != 2) {
        throw std::runtime_error("Invalid vertices array.");
    }

    size_t n = vertices.shape(0);
    double x;
    double y;
    double t0;
    double t1;
    double t;

    for (size_t i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
        x = vertices(i, 0);
        y = vertices(i, 1);

        t0 = trans.sx * x;
        t1 = trans.shx * y;
        t = t0 + t1 + trans.tx;
        result(i, 0) = t;

        t0 = trans.shy * x;
        t1 = trans.sy * y;
        t = t0 + t1 + trans.ty;
        result(i, 1) = t;
    }
}

template 
void affine_transform_1d(VerticesArray &vertices, agg::trans_affine &trans, ResultArray &result)
{
    if (vertices.shape(0) != 2) {
        throw std::runtime_error("Invalid vertices array.");
    }

    double x;
    double y;
    double t0;
    double t1;
    double t;

    x = vertices(0);
    y = vertices(1);

    t0 = trans.sx * x;
    t1 = trans.shx * y;
    t = t0 + t1 + trans.tx;
    result(0) = t;

    t0 = trans.shy * x;
    t1 = trans.sy * y;
    t = t0 + t1 + trans.ty;
    result(1) = t;
}

template 
int count_bboxes_overlapping_bbox(agg::rect_d &a, BBoxArray &bboxes)
{
    agg::rect_d b;
    int count = 0;

    if (a.x2 < a.x1) {
        std::swap(a.x1, a.x2);
    }
    if (a.y2 < a.y1) {
        std::swap(a.y1, a.y2);
    }

    size_t num_bboxes = safe_first_shape(bboxes);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < num_bboxes; ++i) {
        b = agg::rect_d(bboxes(i, 0, 0), bboxes(i, 0, 1), bboxes(i, 1, 0), bboxes(i, 1, 1));

        if (b.x2 < b.x1) {
            std::swap(b.x1, b.x2);
        }
        if (b.y2 < b.y1) {
            std::swap(b.y1, b.y2);
        }
        if (!((b.x2 = a.y2))) {
            ++count;
        }
    }

    return count;
}


inline bool isclose(double a, double b)
{
    // relative and absolute tolerance values are chosen empirically
    // it looks the atol value matters here because of round-off errors
    const double rtol = 1e-10;
    const double atol = 1e-13;

    // as per python's math.isclose
    return fabs(a-b) 

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