#ifndef Py_OBJECT_H
#define Py_OBJECT_H
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
/* Object and type object interface */
/*
Objects are structures allocated on the heap. Special rules apply to
the use of objects to ensure they are properly garbage-collected.
Objects are never allocated statically or on the stack; they must be
accessed through special macros and functions only. (Type objects are
exceptions to the first rule; the standard types are represented by
statically initialized type objects, although work on type/class unification
for Python 2.2 made it possible to have heap-allocated type objects too).
An object has a 'reference count' that is increased or decreased when a
pointer to the object is copied or deleted; when the reference count
reaches zero there are no references to the object left and it can be
removed from the heap.
An object has a 'type' that determines what it represents and what kind
of data it contains. An object's type is fixed when it is created.
Types themselves are represented as objects; an object contains a
pointer to the corresponding type object. The type itself has a type
pointer pointing to the object representing the type 'type', which
contains a pointer to itself!.
Objects do not float around in memory; once allocated an object keeps
the same size and address. Objects that must hold variable-size data
can contain pointers to variable-size parts of the object. Not all
objects of the same type have the same size; but the size cannot change
after allocation. (These restrictions are made so a reference to an
object can be simply a pointer -- moving an object would require
updating all the pointers, and changing an object's size would require
moving it if there was another object right next to it.)
Objects are always accessed through pointers of the type 'PyObject *'.
The type 'PyObject' is a structure that only contains the reference count
and the type pointer. The actual memory allocated for an object
contains other data that can only be accessed after casting the pointer
to a pointer to a longer structure type. This longer type must start
with the reference count and type fields; the macro PyObject_HEAD should be
used for this (to accommodate for future changes). The implementation
of a particular object type can cast the object pointer to the proper
type and back.
A standard interface exists for objects that contain an array of items
whose size is determined when the object is allocated.
*/
/* Py_DEBUG implies Py_REF_DEBUG. */
#if defined(Py_DEBUG) && !defined(Py_REF_DEBUG)
# define Py_REF_DEBUG
#endif
#if defined(_Py_OPAQUE_PYOBJECT) && !defined(Py_LIMITED_API)
# error "_Py_OPAQUE_PYOBJECT only makes sense with Py_LIMITED_API"
#endif
#ifndef _Py_OPAQUE_PYOBJECT
/* PyObject_HEAD defines the initial segment of every PyObject. */
#define PyObject_HEAD PyObject ob_base;
// Kept for backward compatibility. It was needed by Py_TRACE_REFS build.
#define _PyObject_EXTRA_INIT
/* Make all uses of PyObject_HEAD_INIT immortal.
*
* Statically allocated objects might be shared between
* interpreters, so must be marked as immortal.
*
* Before changing this, see the check in PyModuleDef_Init().
*/
#if defined(Py_GIL_DISABLED)
#define PyObject_HEAD_INIT(type) \
{ \
0, \
_Py_STATICALLY_ALLOCATED_FLAG, \
{ 0 }, \
0, \
_Py_IMMORTAL_REFCNT_LOCAL, \
0, \
(type), \
},
#else
#define PyObject_HEAD_INIT(type) \
{ \
{ _Py_STATIC_IMMORTAL_INITIAL_REFCNT }, \
(type) \
},
#endif
#define PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(type, size) \
{ \
PyObject_HEAD_INIT(type) \
(size) \
},
/* PyObject_VAR_HEAD defines the initial segment of all variable-size
* container objects. These end with a declaration of an array with 1
* element, but enough space is malloc'ed so that the array actually
* has room for ob_size elements. Note that ob_size is an element count,
* not necessarily a byte count.
*/
#define PyObject_VAR_HEAD PyVarObject ob_base;
#endif // !defined(_Py_OPAQUE_PYOBJECT)
#define Py_INVALID_SIZE (Py_ssize_t)-1
/* PyObjects are given a minimum alignment so that the least significant bits
* of an object pointer become available for other purposes.
* This must be an integer literal with the value (1 4
int64_t ob_refcnt_full; /* This field is needed for efficient initialization with Clang on ARM */
struct {
# if PY_BIG_ENDIAN
uint16_t ob_flags;
uint16_t ob_overflow;
uint32_t ob_refcnt;
# else
uint32_t ob_refcnt;
uint16_t ob_overflow;
uint16_t ob_flags;
# endif
};
#else
Py_ssize_t ob_refcnt; // part of stable ABI; do not change
#endif
_Py_ALIGNED_DEF(_PyObject_MIN_ALIGNMENT, char) _aligner;
};
PyTypeObject *ob_type; // part of stable ABI; do not change
};
#else
// Objects that are not owned by any thread use a thread id (tid) of zero.
// This includes both immortal objects and objects whose reference count
// fields have been merged.
#define _Py_UNOWNED_TID 0
struct _object {
// ob_tid stores the thread id (or zero). It is also used by the GC and the
// trashcan mechanism as a linked list pointer and by the GC to store the
// computed "gc_refs" refcount.
_Py_ALIGNED_DEF(_PyObject_MIN_ALIGNMENT, uintptr_t) ob_tid;
uint16_t ob_flags;
PyMutex ob_mutex; // per-object lock
uint8_t ob_gc_bits; // gc-related state
uint32_t ob_ref_local; // local reference count
Py_ssize_t ob_ref_shared; // shared (atomic) reference count
PyTypeObject *ob_type;
};
#endif // !defined(_Py_OPAQUE_PYOBJECT)
/* Cast argument to PyObject* type. */
#define _PyObject_CAST(op) _Py_CAST(PyObject*, (op))
#ifndef _Py_OPAQUE_PYOBJECT
struct PyVarObject {
PyObject ob_base;
Py_ssize_t ob_size; // Number of items in variable part. Part of stable ABI
};
#endif
typedef struct PyVarObject PyVarObject;
/* Cast argument to PyVarObject* type. */
#define _PyVarObject_CAST(op) _Py_CAST(PyVarObject*, (op))
// Test if the 'x' object is the 'y' object, the same as "x is y" in Python.
PyAPI_FUNC(int) Py_Is(PyObject *x, PyObject *y);
#define Py_Is(x, y) ((x) == (y))
PyAPI_DATA(PyTypeObject) PyLong_Type;
PyAPI_DATA(PyTypeObject) PyBool_Type;
/* Definitions for the stable ABI */
#if !defined(Py_LIMITED_API) || Py_LIMITED_API+0 >= _Py_PACK_VERSION(3, 14)
PyAPI_FUNC(PyTypeObject*) Py_TYPE(PyObject *ob);
#endif
#if !defined(Py_LIMITED_API) || Py_LIMITED_API+0 >= _Py_PACK_VERSION(3, 15)
PyAPI_FUNC(Py_ssize_t) Py_SIZE(PyObject *ob);
PyAPI_FUNC(int) Py_IS_TYPE(PyObject *ob, PyTypeObject *type);
PyAPI_FUNC(void) Py_SET_SIZE(PyVarObject *ob, Py_ssize_t size);
#endif
#ifndef _Py_OPAQUE_PYOBJECT
static inline void
Py_SET_TYPE(PyObject *ob, PyTypeObject *type)
{
ob->ob_type = type;
}
#if !defined(Py_LIMITED_API) || Py_LIMITED_API+0 < _Py_PACK_VERSION(3, 11)
// Non-limited API & limited API 3.11 & below: use static inline functions and
// use _PyObject_CAST so that users don't need their own casts
# define Py_TYPE(ob) _Py_TYPE_impl(_PyObject_CAST(ob))
# define Py_SIZE(ob) _Py_SIZE_impl(_PyObject_CAST(ob))
# define Py_IS_TYPE(ob, type) _Py_IS_TYPE_impl(_PyObject_CAST(ob), (type))
# define Py_SET_SIZE(ob, size) _Py_SET_SIZE_impl(_PyVarObject_CAST(ob), (size))
# define Py_SET_TYPE(ob, type) Py_SET_TYPE(_PyObject_CAST(ob), type)
#elif Py_LIMITED_API+0 < _Py_PACK_VERSION(3, 15)
// Limited API 3.11-3.14: use static inline functions, without casts
# define Py_SIZE(ob) _Py_SIZE_impl(ob)
# define Py_IS_TYPE(ob, type) _Py_IS_TYPE_impl((ob), (type))
# define Py_SET_SIZE(ob, size) _Py_SET_SIZE_impl((ob), (size))
# if Py_LIMITED_API+0 < _Py_PACK_VERSION(3, 14)
// Py_TYPE() is static inline only on Limited API 3.13 and below
# define Py_TYPE(ob) _Py_TYPE_impl(ob)
# endif
#else
// Limited API 3.15+: use function calls
#endif
static inline
PyTypeObject* _Py_TYPE_impl(PyObject *ob)
{
return ob->ob_type;
}
// bpo-39573: The Py_SET_SIZE() function must be used to set an object size.
static inline Py_ssize_t
_Py_SIZE_impl(PyObject *ob)
{
assert(Py_TYPE(ob) != &PyLong_Type);
assert(Py_TYPE(ob) != &PyBool_Type);
return _PyVarObject_CAST(ob)->ob_size;
}
static inline int
_Py_IS_TYPE_impl(PyObject *ob, PyTypeObject *type)
{
return Py_TYPE(ob) == type;
}
static inline void
_Py_SET_SIZE_impl(PyVarObject *ob, Py_ssize_t size)
{
assert(Py_TYPE(_PyObject_CAST(ob)) != &PyLong_Type);
assert(Py_TYPE(_PyObject_CAST(ob)) != &PyBool_Type);
#ifdef Py_GIL_DISABLED
_Py_atomic_store_ssize_relaxed(&ob->ob_size, size);
#else
ob->ob_size = size;
#endif
}
#endif // !defined(_Py_OPAQUE_PYOBJECT)
/*
Type objects contain a string containing the type name (to help somewhat
in debugging), the allocation parameters (see PyObject_New() and
PyObject_NewVar()),
and methods for accessing objects of the type. Methods are optional, a
nil pointer meaning that particular kind of access is not available for
this type. The Py_DECREF() macro uses the tp_dealloc method without
checking for a nil pointer; it should always be implemented except if
the implementation can guarantee that the reference count will never
reach zero (e.g., for statically allocated type objects).
NB: the methods for certain type groups are now contained in separate
method blocks.
*/
typedef PyObject * (*unaryfunc)(PyObject *);
typedef PyObject * (*binaryfunc)(PyObject *, PyObject *);
typedef PyObject * (*ternaryfunc)(PyObject *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
typedef int (*inquiry)(PyObject *);
typedef Py_ssize_t (*lenfunc)(PyObject *);
typedef PyObject *(*ssizeargfunc)(PyObject *, Py_ssize_t);
typedef PyObject *(*ssizessizeargfunc)(PyObject *, Py_ssize_t, Py_ssize_t);
typedef int(*ssizeobjargproc)(PyObject *, Py_ssize_t, PyObject *);
typedef int(*ssizessizeobjargproc)(PyObject *, Py_ssize_t, Py_ssize_t, PyObject *);
typedef int(*objobjargproc)(PyObject *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
typedef int (*objobjproc)(PyObject *, PyObject *);
typedef int (*visitproc)(PyObject *, void *);
typedef int (*traverseproc)(PyObject *, visitproc, void *);
typedef void (*freefunc)(void *);
typedef void (*destructor)(PyObject *);
typedef PyObject *(*getattrfunc)(PyObject *, char *);
typedef PyObject *(*getattrofunc)(PyObject *, PyObject *);
typedef int (*setattrfunc)(PyObject *, char *, PyObject *);
typedef int (*setattrofunc)(PyObject *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
typedef PyObject *(*reprfunc)(PyObject *);
typedef Py_hash_t (*hashfunc)(PyObject *);
typedef PyObject *(*richcmpfunc) (PyObject *, PyObject *, int);
typedef PyObject *(*getiterfunc) (PyObject *);
typedef PyObject *(*iternextfunc) (PyObject *);
typedef struct {
PyObject *object;
Py_ssize_t index;
} _PyObjectIndexPair;
typedef _PyObjectIndexPair (*_Py_iteritemfunc) (PyObject *, Py_ssize_t index);
typedef PyObject *(*descrgetfunc) (PyObject *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
typedef int (*descrsetfunc) (PyObject *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
typedef int (*initproc)(PyObject *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
typedef PyObject *(*newfunc)(PyTypeObject *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
typedef PyObject *(*allocfunc)(PyTypeObject *, Py_ssize_t);
#if !defined(Py_LIMITED_API) || Py_LIMITED_API+0 >= 0x030c0000 // 3.12
typedef PyObject *(*vectorcallfunc)(PyObject *callable, PyObject *const *args,
size_t nargsf, PyObject *kwnames);
#endif
typedef struct{
int slot; /* slot id, see below */
void *pfunc; /* function pointer */
} PyType_Slot;
typedef struct{
const char* name;
int basicsize;
int itemsize;
unsigned int flags;
PyType_Slot *slots; /* terminated by slot==0. */
} PyType_Spec;
PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyType_FromSpec(PyType_Spec*);
#if !defined(Py_LIMITED_API) || Py_LIMITED_API+0 >= 0x03030000
PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyType_FromSpecWithBases(PyType_Spec*, PyObject*);
#endif
#if !defined(Py_LIMITED_API) || Py_LIMITED_API+0 >= 0x03040000
PyAPI_FUNC(void*) PyType_GetSlot(PyTypeObject*, int);
#endif
#if !defined(Py_LIMITED_API) || Py_LIMITED_API+0 >= 0x03090000
PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyType_FromModuleAndSpec(PyObject *, PyType_Spec *, PyObject *);
PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyType_GetModule(PyTypeObject *);
PyAPI_FUNC(void *) PyType_GetModuleState(PyTypeObject *);
#endif
#if !defined(Py_LIMITED_API) || Py_LIMITED_API+0 >= 0x030B0000
PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyType_GetName(PyTypeObject *);
PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyType_GetQualName(PyTypeObject *);
#endif
#if !defined(Py_LIMITED_API) || Py_LIMITED_API+0 >= 0x030D0000
PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyType_GetFullyQualifiedName(PyTypeObject *type);
PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyType_GetModuleName(PyTypeObject *type);
#endif
#if !defined(Py_LIMITED_API) || Py_LIMITED_API+0 >= 0x030C0000
PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyType_FromMetaclass(PyTypeObject*, PyObject*, PyType_Spec*, PyObject*);
PyAPI_FUNC(void *) PyObject_GetTypeData(PyObject *obj, PyTypeObject *cls);
PyAPI_FUNC(Py_ssize_t) PyType_GetTypeDataSize(PyTypeObject *cls);
#endif
#if !defined(Py_LIMITED_API) || Py_LIMITED_API+0 >= 0x030E0000
PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyType_GetBaseByToken(PyTypeObject *, void *, PyTypeObject **);
#define Py_TP_USE_SPEC NULL
#endif
#if !defined(Py_LIMITED_API) || Py_LIMITED_API+0 >= _Py_PACK_VERSION(3, 15)
PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyType_FromSlots(struct PySlot *slots);
#endif
/* Generic type check */
PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyType_IsSubtype(PyTypeObject *, PyTypeObject *);
static inline int PyObject_TypeCheck(PyObject *ob, PyTypeObject *type) {
return Py_IS_TYPE(ob, type) || PyType_IsSubtype(Py_TYPE(ob), type);
}
#if !defined(Py_LIMITED_API) || Py_LIMITED_API+0 < 0x030b0000
# define PyObject_TypeCheck(ob, type) PyObject_TypeCheck(_PyObject_CAST(ob), (type))
#endif
PyAPI_DATA(PyTypeObject) PyType_Type; /* built-in 'type' */
PyAPI_DATA(PyTypeObject) PyBaseObject_Type; /* built-in 'object' */
PyAPI_DATA(PyTypeObject) PySuper_Type; /* built-in 'super' */
PyAPI_FUNC(unsigned long) PyType_GetFlags(PyTypeObject*);
PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyType_Ready(PyTypeObject *);
PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyType_GenericAlloc(PyTypeObject *, Py_ssize_t);
PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyType_GenericNew(PyTypeObject *,
PyObject *, PyObject *);
PyAPI_FUNC(unsigned int) PyType_ClearCache(void);
PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyType_Modified(PyTypeObject *);
/* Generic operations on objects */
PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_Repr(PyObject *);
PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_Str(PyObject *);
PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_ASCII(PyObject *);
PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_Bytes(PyObject *);
PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_RichCompare(PyObject *, PyObject *, int);
PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_RichCompareBool(PyObject *, PyObject *, int);
PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_GetAttrString(PyObject *, const char *);
PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_SetAttrString(PyObject *, const char *, PyObject *);
PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_DelAttrString(PyObject *v, const char *name);
PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_HasAttrString(PyObject *, const char *);
PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_GetAttr(PyObject *, PyObject *);
#if !defined(Py_LIMITED_API) || Py_LIMITED_API+0 >= 0x030d0000
PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_GetOptionalAttr(PyObject *, PyObject *, PyObject **);
PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_GetOptionalAttrString(PyObject *, const char *, PyObject **);
#endif
PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_SetAttr(PyObject *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_DelAttr(PyObject *v, PyObject *name);
PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_HasAttr(PyObject *, PyObject *);
#if !defined(Py_LIMITED_API) || Py_LIMITED_API+0 >= 0x030d0000
PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_HasAttrWithError(PyObject *, PyObject *);
PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_HasAttrStringWithError(PyObject *, const char *);
#endif
PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_SelfIter(PyObject *);
PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_GenericGetAttr(PyObject *, PyObject *);
PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_GenericSetAttr(PyObject *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
#if !defined(Py_LIMITED_API) || Py_LIMITED_API+0 >= 0x03030000
PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_GenericSetDict(PyObject *, PyObject *, void *);
#endif
PyAPI_FUNC(Py_hash_t) PyObject_Hash(PyObject *);
PyAPI_FUNC(Py_hash_t) PyObject_HashNotImplemented(PyObject *);
PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_IsTrue(PyObject *);
PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_Not(PyObject *);
PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyCallable_Check(PyObject *);
PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyObject_ClearWeakRefs(PyObject *);
/* PyObject_Dir(obj) acts like Python builtins.dir(obj), returning a
list of strings. PyObject_Dir(NULL) is like builtins.dir(),
returning the names of the current locals. In this case, if there are
no current locals, NULL is returned, and PyErr_Occurred() is false.
*/
PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_Dir(PyObject *);
/* Helpers for printing recursive container types */
PyAPI_FUNC(int) Py_ReprEnter(PyObject *);
PyAPI_FUNC(void) Py_ReprLeave(PyObject *);
/* Flag bits for printing: */
#define Py_PRINT_RAW 1 /* No string quotes etc. */
/*
Type flags (tp_flags)
These flags are used to change expected features and behavior for a
particular type.
Arbitration of the flag bit positions will need to be coordinated among
all extension writers who publicly release their extensions (this will
be fewer than you might expect!).
Most flags were removed as of Python 3.0 to make room for new flags. (Some
flags are not for backwards compatibility but to indicate the presence of an
optional feature; these flags remain of course.)
Type definitions should use Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT for their tp_flags value.
Code can use PyType_HasFeature(type_ob, flag_value) to test whether the
given type object has a specified feature.
*/
#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
/* Track types initialized using _PyStaticType_InitBuiltin(). */
#define _Py_TPFLAGS_STATIC_BUILTIN (1