
Binary JData Format Specification Development Guide
We use this repository to gather feedback from the community regarding the
"Binary JData Format Specification", or
Binary JData (BJData) format. Such feedback is crucial to finalize this file
specification and help improve it in future releases.
The latest version of the BJData specification can be found in the file
Binary_JData_Specification.md. The specification is written
in Markdown format
for convenient editing and version control.
This specification was derived from the Universal Binary JSON (UBJSON) Specification
Draft 12
developed by Riyad Kalla and other UBJSON contributors. The Markdown version
of this specification was derived from the documentation included in the
Py-ubjson
repository (Commit 5ce1fe7). The BJData format is no longer backward compatible with UBJSON.
Libraries that support this specification include
Acknowledgement: This specification was developed as part of the NeuroJSON project
(http://neurojson.org), with funding support from the US National Institute of Health (NIH) under
grant U24-NS124027 (PI: Qianqian Fang).
BJData is a binary JSON format. It is similar to JSON but can store strongly-typed binary data.
The BJData format improves upon the widely supported UBJSON (https://ubjson.org) format by adding
the following key features:
- added 4 new data types previously missing from UBJSON, including [u] - uint16, [m] - uint32,
[M] - uint64 and [h] - half/float16,
- first among all binary JSON formats to support packed N-dimensional arrays (ndarray) — a data
type that is of great importance to the scientific community,
- adopted Little-Endian as the default byte-order, as opposed to Big-Endian for UBJSON/MessagePack/CBOR,
- only fixed-length data types are allowed in optimized container types ($), which means
[{SHTFTZN cannot follow $, but UiuIlmLMhdDCB are allowed

You can use a number of methods to provide your feedback on the working
draft of this specification, including
- Create an "Issue"
- This is the most recommended method to provide detailed feedback or
discussion. An "Issue" in GitHub is highly versatile: one can ask a
question, report a bug, submit a feature request, or start a general
discussion. Please use URLs or keywords to link your discussion
to a specific line, section, or topic in the document.
- Comment on a release
- Stable releases are tagged and listed on the
releases page.
To add a comment, please use the
Issues section.
- You can also browse the commit history of the specification. To comment
on a specific change, use the Issues section and reference the commit.
- Use NeuroJSON Forum
- You may send your comments to the NeuroJSON GitHub forum. You may report
bugs, request new features, or submit new datasets.
For anyone who wants to contribute to the writing or revision of this document,
please follow the steps below:
- Fork this repository and make updates, then create a pull request
- Please first register an account on GitHub, then browse the
BJData Spec repository;
on the top-right of the page, find and click the "Fork" button.
- Once you fork the project to your own repository, you may edit the
files in your browser directly, or download to your local folder and
edit them using a text editor.
- Once your revision is complete, please "commit" and "push" it to your forked
git repository. Then create a pull request (PR) against the upstream
repository (i.e., NeuroJSON/bjdata). Please select "Compare cross forks" and
select "NeuroJSON/bjdata" as "base fork". Please write a descriptive title for
your pull request. The project maintainer will review your updates
and either merge them or request revisions.