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<!DOCTYPE html>

<title>Web Application Security - Full Stack Python</title>

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<span class="logo-title"><a href="/">Full Stack Python</a></span>

</div>

</div> <div class="row">

<h1>Web Application Security</h1>

<p>Website security must be thought about while building every level of the web

stack. However, this section includes topics that deserve particular

treatment, such as cross-site scripting (XSS), SQL injection, cross-site

request forgery and usage of public-private keypairs.</p>

<h2>Security open source projects</h2>

<ul>

<li>

<p><a href="http://www.bro.org/">Bro</a> is a network security and traffic monitor.</p>

</li>

<li>

<p><a href="https://github.com/marshyski/quick-secure">quick NIX secure script</a> for

securing Linux distributions.</p>

</li>

</ul>

<h2>HTTPS resources</h2>

<ul>

<li>

<p><a href="http://robertheaton.com/2014/03/27/how-does-https-actually-work/">How does HTTPS actually work?</a>

is a well-written overview of the protocol including certificates,

signatures, signing and related topics.</p>

</li>

<li>

<p>This question asking <a href="http://security.stackexchange.com/questions/5126/whats-the-difference-between-ssl-tls-and-https">what is the difference between TLS and SSL?</a>

explains that TLS is a newer version of SSL and should be used because

SSL through version 3.0 is insecure.</p>

</li>

<li>

<p>If you're having users submit sensitive information to your site you need

to use SSL/TLS. Anything before TLS is now insecure. Check out this

<a href="http://wingolog.org/archives/2014/10/17/ffs-ssl">handy guide</a> that goes

over some of the nuances of the subject.</p>

</li>

<li>

<p><a href="https://hynek.me/talks/tls/">The Sorry State of SSL</a> details the

history and evolution of SSL/TLS. There are important differences between

the versions and Hynek explains why TLS should always be used. The

talk prompted work to improve Python's SSL in 2.7.9 based on the upgrades

in Python 3 outlined in

<a href="https://developer.rackspace.com/blog/the-not-so-sorry-state-of-ssl-in-python/">The not-so-sorry state of SSL in Python</a>.</p>

</li>

<li>

<p><a href="http://blog.hartleybrody.com/https-certificates/">How HTTPS Secures Connections</a>

is a guide for what HTTPS does and does not secure against.</p>

</li>

<li>

<p><a href="http://erik.io/blog/2013/06/08/a-basic-guide-to-when-and-how-to-deploy-https/">When and How to Deploy HTTPS</a></p>

</li>

<li>

<p><a href="http://www.moserware.com/2009/06/first-few-milliseconds-of-https.html">The first few milliseconds of an HTTPS connection</a>

provides a detailed look at the SSL handshake process that is implemented

by browsers based on the <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2818">RFC 2818</a>

specification.</p>

</li>

<li>

<p><a href="https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/">Qualy SSL Server Test</a> can be used to

determine what's in place and what is missing for your server's HTTPS

connection. Once you run the test read this article on

<a href="https://sethvargo.com/getting-an-a-plus-on-qualys-ssl-labs-tester/">Getting an A+ on Qualy's SSL Labs Tester</a>

to improve your situation.</p>

</li>

</ul>

<h2>General security resources</h2>

<ul>

<li>

<p>The Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) has

<a href="https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Cheat_Sheets">cheat sheets for security</a>

topics.</p>

</li>

<li>

<p>This page contains a

<a href="http://dfir.org/?q=node/8/">fantastic currated list of security reading material</a>

from beginning to advanced topics.</p>

</li>

<li>

<p>The <a href="http://www.reddit.com/r/netsec/">/r/netsec</a> subreddit is one place to

go to learn more about network and application security.</p>

</li>

<li>

<p><a href="http://gexos.github.io/Hacking-Tools-Repository/">Hacking Tools Repository</a>

is a great list of password cracking, scanning, sniffing and other security

penetration testing tools.</p>

</li>

<li>

<p><a href="http://www.andrewault.net/2010/05/17/securing-an-ubuntu-server/">Securing an Ubuntu Server</a></p>

</li>

<li>

<p><a href="http://joshrendek.com/2013/01/securing-ubuntu/">Securing Ubuntu</a></p>

</li>

<li>

<p><a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/misc/security_tips.html">Security Tips from Apache</a></p>

</li>

<li>

<p><a href="http://spenserj.com/blog/2013/07/15/securing-a-linux-server/">Securing a Linux Server</a></p>

</li>

<li>

<p>The EFF has a well written overview on

<a href="https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2014/11/what-makes-good-security-audit">what makes a good security audit</a>. It's broad but contains some of their behind the

scenes thinking on important considerations with security audits.</p>

</li>

<li>

<p><a href="http://arstechnica.com/security/2013/02/securing-your-website-a-tough-job-but-someones-got-to-do-it/">Securing Your Website</a></p>

</li>

<li>

<p><a href="https://www.crypto101.io/">Crypto 101</a> is an introductory course on

cryptography for programmers.</p>

</li>

<li>

<p><a href="http://getprismatic.com/story/1409447605839">An in-depth analysis of SSH attacks on Amazon EC2</a>

shows how important it is to secure your web servers, especially when they are

hosted in IP address ranges that are commonly scanned by malicious actors.</p>

</li>

</ul>

<h2>Web security learning checklist</h2>

Read and understand the major web application security flaws that are

commonly exploited by malicious actors. These include cross-site request

forgery (CSRF), cross-site scripting (XSS), SQL injection and session

hijacking. The

<a href="https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Top_10_2013-Top_10">OWASP top 10 web application vulnerabilities list</a>

is a great place to get an overview of these topics.</p>

Determine how the framework you've chosen mitigates these vulnerabilities.</p>

Ensure your code implements the mitigation techniques for your framework. </p>

Think like an attacker and actively work to break into your own system. If

you do not have enough experience to confidently break the security consider

hiring a known white hat attacker. Have her break the application's security,

report the easiest vulnerabilities to exploit in your app and help implement

protections against those weaknesses.</p>

Recognize that no system is ever totally secure. However, the more popular

an application becomes the more attractive a target it is to attackers.

Reevaluate your web application security on a frequent basis.</p>

<h3>What topic do you want to learn about next?</h3>

I want to learn more about the users of my app with analytics.

</p>

</div>

</a>

How do I integrate external APIs into my app?

</p>

</div>

How can I log events that occur while the app is running?

</p>

</div>

Who created Full Stack Python?

</p>

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<div class="panel-heading"><h3 class="panel-head">Web Application Security</h3></div>

<a href="/">Full Stack Python</a> is an open book that explains

each Python web application stack layer and provides the

best web resources for those topics.

<hr/>

There's a work-in-progress

<a href="/full-stack-python-map.pdf">subjects map (.pdf)</a>

that visually lays out each chapter in addition to the table of

contents found below.

<hr/>

Need more detailed tutorials and walkthroughs than what is

presented here?

<a href="/email.html">Sign up for an email alert when that content is created.</a>

<hr/>

<a href="http://twitter.com/mattmakai">Matt Makai</a> built

this site with assistance from community pull requests. On GitHub

you can <a href="https://github.com/makaimc">follow Matt</a>

to see the daily changes.

</div>

<h3 class="panel-head">Table of Contents</h3>

</div>

<a href="/introduction.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Introduction</a>

<a href="/web-frameworks.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Web Frameworks</a>

<a href="/django.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Django</a>

<a href="/flask.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Flask</a>

<a href="/bottle.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Bottle</a>

<a href="/morepath.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Morepath</a>

<a href="/other-web-frameworks.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Other Web Frameworks</a>

<a href="/deployment.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Deployment</a>

<a href="/servers.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Servers</a>

<a href="/platform-as-a-service.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Platform-as-a-service</a>

<a href="/operating-systems.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Operating Systems</a>

<a href="/web-servers.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Web Servers</a>

<a href="/wsgi-servers.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">WSGI Servers</a>

<a href="/source-control.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Source Control</a>

<a href="/application-dependencies.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Application Dependencies</a>

<a href="/databases.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Databases</a>

<a href="/no-sql-datastore.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">NoSQL Data Stores</a>

<a href="/web-design.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Web Design</a>

<a href="/cascading-style-sheets.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Cascading Style Sheets</a>

<a href="/javascript.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">JavaScript</a>

<a href="/continuous-integration.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Continuous Integration</a>

<a href="/code-metrics.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Code Metrics</a>

<a href="/configuration-management.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Configuration Management</a>

<a href="/static-content.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Static Content</a>

<a href="/caching.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Caching</a>

<a href="/task-queues.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Task Queues</a>

<a href="/application-programming-interfaces.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Application Programming Interfaces</a>

<a href="/api-integration.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">API Integration</a>

<a href="/api-creation.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">API Creation</a>

<a href="/logging.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Logging</a>

<a href="/monitoring.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Monitoring</a>

<a href="/web-analytics.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Web Analytics</a>

<a href="/web-application-security.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item active">Web Application Security</a>

<a href="/best-python-resources.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Best Python Resources</a>

<a href="/development-environments.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Development Environments</a>

<a href="/about-author.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">About the Author</a>

<a href="/change-log.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Change Log</a>

<a href="/future-directions.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">Future Directions</a>

<a href="/what-full-stack-means.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">What "Full Stack" Means</a>

<a href="/websockets.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item ">WebSockets</a>

</div>

</div></div>

<hr/>

<a href="http://www.mattmakai.com/" class="underline">Matt Makai</a>

2014

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