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p a prime number E(a,b) where 0 < a and b < p -(4a3+27b2) != 0 y^2 = x^3 + ax + b P a point generator in E n random integer => secret compute nP send E(a,b), P, nP to Alice
m random integer => secret compute mP send mP to Bob
shared key = mnP = nmP
p a prime number E(a,b) where 0 < a and b < p -(4a3+27b2) != 0 y^2 = x^3 + ax + b P point generator in E n random integer => private key nP => public key share E(a,b), P, nP to Alice
want to send a M point to Bob
m random integer => private key
mP => public key
map message to a set of points (M) in E
send (mP, M + nmP) to Bob
nmP = n * mP M = M + nmP - nmP = M
- E: eleptic curve - P: point generator - S: set of mapping points - A: a non singular matrix - A-1: inverse of matrix A - m: bob's secret key - n: alice's secret key
send msg = "hello" size = 5 not dided by 3 (need to add 1 : $ for padding) size = 6 Coding: map msg characters to list of points in E: S => [P(1,0), P(1,7), P(2,3), P(2,3), P(2,0), $] create a matrix M of 3 rows like so M = [ P(1,0) P(1,7) P(2,3) P(2,3) P(2,0) $ ] choose A as a non singular matrix of 3*3 result S = AM S = [ Q1(x,y) Q2(x2,y2) Q3(x3,y3) ... ... ... ... ... Qn(xn,yn) ] encryption points: Ci = Q + m(nP) C = [ C1 C2 C3 .. .. .. .. .. Cn ] send(mP, C)
receive(mP, C) bob decrypt the points using his private key n : Di = Ci - n(mP) = Qi + m(nP) - n(mP) = Qi D = [ Q1 Q2 Q3 .. .. .. .. .. Qn ] Decoding: M = D * A-1
+ [1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elliptic_curve_cryptography + [2] https://www.certicom.com/index.php/ecc-tutorial + [3] http://www.eccworkshop.org/ books: + [4] William Stalings + [5] Stallings, W. Cryptography and Network Security, (2003) Prentice Hall, 3rd Edition. + [6] V. S. Miller. Use of Elliptic Curves in Cryptography. Advances in Cryptology CRYPTO’85, pp. 417-426, 1986. + [7] N. Koblitz. Elliptic Curve Cryptosystems. Mathematics of Computation, Vol. 48, No. 177, pp. 203-209, 1987. + [8] Zhu Yufei, Zhang Yajuan. Introduction to elliptic curve cryptosystem. Beijing: Science press, 10, 130 (in chinese), 2006.
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