lpython/src/lpython/tests/test_asm.cpp at imag · certik/lpython · GitHub

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#include <tests/doctest.h>

#include <iostream>

#include <sstream>

#include <libasr/codegen/x86_assembler.h>

using LFortran::X86Reg;

// Print any vector like iterable to a string

template <class T>

inline std::ostream &print_vec(std::ostream &out, T &d)

{

out << "[";

for (auto p = d.begin(); p != d.end(); p++) {

if (p != d.begin())

out << ", ";

out << *p;

}

out << "]";

return out;

}

// Specialization for `const std::vector<uint8_t>`

template <>

inline std::ostream &print_vec(std::ostream &out, const std::vector<uint8_t> &d)

{

out << "[";

for (auto p = d.begin(); p != d.end(); p++) {

if (p != d.begin())

out << ", ";

out << LFortran::i2s(*p);

}

out << "]";

return out;

}

namespace doctest {

// Convert std::vector<T> to string for doctest

template<typename T> struct StringMaker<std::vector<T>> {

static String convert(const std::vector<T> &value) {

std::ostringstream oss;

print_vec(oss, value);

return oss.str().c_str();

}

};

}

// Strips the first character (\n)

std::string S(const std::string &s) {

return s.substr(1, s.size());

}

TEST_CASE("Store and get instructions") {

Allocator al(1024);

LFortran::X86Assembler a(al);

a.asm_pop_r32(LFortran::X86Reg::eax);

a.asm_jz_imm8(13);

LFortran::Vec<uint8_t> &code = a.get_machine_code();

CHECK(code.size() == 3);

#ifdef LFORTRAN_ASM_PRINT

std::string asm_code = a.get_asm();

std::string ref = S(R"""(

BITS 32

pop eax

jz 0x0d

)""");

CHECK(asm_code == ref);

#endif

}

TEST_CASE("modrm_sib_disp") {

Allocator al(1024);

LFortran::Vec<uint8_t> code;

LFortran::X86Reg base;

LFortran::X86Reg index;

std::vector<uint8_t> ref;

base = LFortran::X86Reg::ecx;

code.reserve(al, 32);

LFortran::modrm_sib_disp(code, al,

LFortran::X86Reg::ebx, &base, nullptr, 1, 0, false);

ref = {0xd9};

CHECK( code.as_vector() == ref );

base = LFortran::X86Reg::ecx;

code.reserve(al, 32);

LFortran::modrm_sib_disp(code, al,

LFortran::X86Reg::ebx, &base, nullptr, 1, 0, true);

ref = {0x19};

CHECK( code.as_vector() == ref );

base = LFortran::X86Reg::esi;

code.reserve(al, 32);

LFortran::modrm_sib_disp(code, al,

LFortran::X86Reg::ebx, &base, nullptr, 1, 0, true);

ref = {0x1e};

CHECK( code.as_vector() == ref );

base = LFortran::X86Reg::ebp;

code.reserve(al, 32);

LFortran::modrm_sib_disp(code, al,

LFortran::X86Reg::ebx, &base, nullptr, 1, 0, true);

ref = {0x5d, 0x00};

CHECK( code.as_vector() == ref );

base = LFortran::X86Reg::ebp;

code.reserve(al, 32);

LFortran::modrm_sib_disp(code, al,

LFortran::X86Reg::ebx, &base, nullptr, 1, 3, true);

ref = {0x5d, 0x03};

CHECK( code.as_vector() == ref );

base = LFortran::X86Reg::ebp;

code.reserve(al, 32);

LFortran::modrm_sib_disp(code, al,

LFortran::X86Reg::ebx, &base, nullptr, 1, -3, true);

ref = {0x5d, 0xfd};

CHECK( code.as_vector() == ref );

base = LFortran::X86Reg::ebp;

code.reserve(al, 32);

LFortran::modrm_sib_disp(code, al,

LFortran::X86Reg::ebx, &base, nullptr, 1, 127, true);

ref = {0x5d, 0x7f};

CHECK( code.as_vector() == ref );

base = LFortran::X86Reg::ebp;

code.reserve(al, 32);

LFortran::modrm_sib_disp(code, al,

LFortran::X86Reg::ebx, &base, nullptr, 1, 128, true);

ref = {0x9d, 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};

CHECK( code.as_vector() == ref );

base = LFortran::X86Reg::ebp;

code.reserve(al, 32);

LFortran::modrm_sib_disp(code, al,

LFortran::X86Reg::ebx, &base, nullptr, 1, -128, true);

ref = {0x5d, 0x80};

CHECK( code.as_vector() == ref );

base = LFortran::X86Reg::ebp;

code.reserve(al, 32);

LFortran::modrm_sib_disp(code, al,

LFortran::X86Reg::ebx, &base, nullptr, 1, -129, true);

ref = {0x9d, 0x7f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff};

CHECK( code.as_vector() == ref );

base = LFortran::X86Reg::esp;

code.reserve(al, 32);

LFortran::modrm_sib_disp(code, al,

LFortran::X86Reg::ebx, &base, nullptr, 1, 0, true);

ref = {0x1c, 0x24};

CHECK( code.as_vector() == ref );

base = LFortran::X86Reg::eax;

index = LFortran::X86Reg::ebx;

code.reserve(al, 32);

LFortran::modrm_sib_disp(code, al,

LFortran::X86Reg::ebx, &base, &index, 1, 0, true);

ref = {0x1c, 0x18};

CHECK( code.as_vector() == ref );

base = LFortran::X86Reg::ebx;

index = LFortran::X86Reg::eax;

code.reserve(al, 32);

LFortran::modrm_sib_disp(code, al,

LFortran::X86Reg::ebx, &base, &index, 1, 0, true);

ref = {0x1c, 0x03};

CHECK( code.as_vector() == ref );

base = LFortran::X86Reg::ebx;

index = LFortran::X86Reg::eax;

code.reserve(al, 32);

LFortran::modrm_sib_disp(code, al,

LFortran::X86Reg::ebx, &base, &index, 2, 0, true);

ref = {0x1c, 0x43};

CHECK( code.as_vector() == ref );

base = LFortran::X86Reg::ebx;

index = LFortran::X86Reg::eax;

code.reserve(al, 32);

LFortran::modrm_sib_disp(code, al,

LFortran::X86Reg::ebx, &base, &index, 4, 0, true);

ref = {0x1c, 0x83};

CHECK( code.as_vector() == ref );

base = LFortran::X86Reg::ebx;

index = LFortran::X86Reg::eax;

code.reserve(al, 32);

LFortran::modrm_sib_disp(code, al,

LFortran::X86Reg::ebx, &base, &index, 8, 0, true);

ref = {0x1c, 0xc3};

CHECK( code.as_vector() == ref );

base = LFortran::X86Reg::ebx;

index = LFortran::X86Reg::eax;

code.reserve(al, 32);

LFortran::modrm_sib_disp(code, al,

LFortran::X86Reg::ebx, &base, &index, 8, 127, true);

ref = {0x5c, 0xc3, 0x7f};

CHECK( code.as_vector() == ref );

base = LFortran::X86Reg::ebx;

index = LFortran::X86Reg::eax;

code.reserve(al, 32);

LFortran::modrm_sib_disp(code, al,

LFortran::X86Reg::ebx, &base, &index, 8, 128, true);

ref = {0x9c, 0xc3, 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};

CHECK( code.as_vector() == ref );

base = LFortran::X86Reg::ebx;

index = LFortran::X86Reg::eax;

code.reserve(al, 32);

LFortran::modrm_sib_disp(code, al,

LFortran::X86Reg::ebx, &base, &index, 2, 1, true);

ref = {0x5c, 0x43, 0x01};

CHECK( code.as_vector() == ref );

base = LFortran::X86Reg::ebx;

code.reserve(al, 32);

LFortran::modrm_sib_disp(code, al,

LFortran::X86Reg::ebx, &base, nullptr, 1, 1, true);

ref = {0x5b, 0x01};

CHECK( code.as_vector() == ref );

base = LFortran::X86Reg::ebp;

index = LFortran::X86Reg::ebx;

code.reserve(al, 32);

LFortran::modrm_sib_disp(code, al,

LFortran::X86Reg::ecx, &base, &index, 4, 1, true);

ref = {0x4c, 0x9d, 0x01};

CHECK( code.as_vector() == ref );

base = LFortran::X86Reg::ebp;

index = LFortran::X86Reg::ebx;

code.reserve(al, 32);

LFortran::modrm_sib_disp(code, al,

LFortran::X86Reg::ecx, &base, &index, 4, 128, true);

ref = {0x8c, 0x9d, 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};

CHECK( code.as_vector() == ref );

index = LFortran::X86Reg::ebx;

code.reserve(al, 32);

LFortran::modrm_sib_disp(code, al,

LFortran::X86Reg::ecx, nullptr, &index, 4, 1, true);

ref = {0x0c, 0x9d, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};

CHECK( code.as_vector() == ref );

index = LFortran::X86Reg::ebx;

code.reserve(al, 32);

CHECK_THROWS_AS(LFortran::modrm_sib_disp(code, al,

LFortran::X86Reg::ecx, nullptr, &index, 3, 1, true),

LFortran::AssemblerError);

index = LFortran::X86Reg::ebx;

code.reserve(al, 32);

CHECK_THROWS_AS(LFortran::modrm_sib_disp(code, al,

LFortran::X86Reg::ecx, nullptr, nullptr, 1, 0, false),

LFortran::AssemblerError);

index = LFortran::X86Reg::ebx;

code.reserve(al, 32);

CHECK_THROWS_AS(LFortran::modrm_sib_disp(code, al,

LFortran::X86Reg::ecx, nullptr, nullptr, 1, 0, true),

LFortran::AssemblerError);

}

TEST_CASE("Memory operand") {

Allocator al(1024);

LFortran::X86Assembler a(al);

LFortran::X86Reg base = LFortran::X86Reg::ebx;

LFortran::X86Reg index = LFortran::X86Reg::ecx;

a.asm_inc_m32(&base, nullptr, 1, 0);

a.asm_inc_m32(&base, nullptr, 1, 3);

a.asm_inc_m32(&base, nullptr, 1, -2);

a.asm_inc_m32(&base, &index, 1, 2);

a.asm_inc_m32(&base, &index, 2, 2);

a.asm_inc_m32(&base, &index, 4, 2);

a.asm_inc_m32(&base, &index, 8, 2);

a.asm_inc_m32(&base, &index, 1, -2);

a.asm_inc_m32(&base, &index, 1, 1024);

a.asm_inc_m32(&base, &index, 2, 0);

a.asm_inc_m32(nullptr, &index, 1, 2);

a.asm_inc_m32(nullptr, &index, 2, 2);

a.asm_inc_m32(nullptr, &index, 4, 2);

a.asm_inc_m32(nullptr, &index, 8, 2);

a.asm_inc_m32(nullptr, &index, 1, -2);

a.asm_inc_m32(nullptr, &index, 1, 1024);

a.asm_inc_m32(nullptr, &index, 2, 0);

#ifdef LFORTRAN_ASM_PRINT

std::string asm_code = a.get_asm();

std::string ref = S(R"""(

BITS 32

inc [ebx]

inc [ebx+3]

inc [ebx-2]

inc [ebx+ecx+2]

inc [ebx+2*ecx+2]

inc [ebx+4*ecx+2]

inc [ebx+8*ecx+2]

inc [ebx+ecx-2]

inc [ebx+ecx+1024]

inc [ebx+2*ecx]

inc [ecx+2]

inc [2*ecx+2]

inc [4*ecx+2]

inc [8*ecx+2]

inc [ecx-2]

inc [ecx+1024]

inc [2*ecx]

)""");

CHECK(asm_code == ref);

#endif

}

TEST_CASE("elf32 binary") {

Allocator al(1024);

LFortran::X86Assembler a(al);

LFortran::emit_elf32_header(a);

std::string msg = "Hello World!\n";

a.add_label("msg");

a.asm_db_imm8(msg.c_str(), msg.size());

a.add_label("_start");

// ssize_t write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count);

a.asm_mov_r32_imm32(LFortran::X86Reg::eax, 4); // sys_write

a.asm_mov_r32_imm32(LFortran::X86Reg::ebx, 1); // fd (stdout)

a.asm_mov_r32_imm32(LFortran::X86Reg::ecx, a.get_defined_symbol("msg").value); // buf

a.asm_mov_r32_imm32(LFortran::X86Reg::edx, msg.size()); // count

a.asm_int_imm8(0x80);

a.asm_call_label("exit");

a.add_label("exit");

// void exit(int status);

a.asm_mov_r32_imm32(LFortran::X86Reg::eax, 1); // sys_exit

a.asm_mov_r32_imm32(LFortran::X86Reg::ebx, 0); // exit code

a.asm_int_imm8(0x80); // syscall

LFortran::emit_elf32_footer(a);

a.verify();

a.save_binary("write32");

// Note: both the machine code as well as the assembly below is checked

// for consistency using

// nasm -f bin write32.asm

// and the nasm generated `write32` binary exactly agrees with our binary.

// If any of the two tests below are modified, they have to be checked that

// they are still consistent with each other and that they work.

#ifdef LFORTRAN_ASM_PRINT

a.save_asm("write32.asm");

std::string asm_code = a.get_asm();

std::string ref = S(R"""(

BITS 32

ehdr:

db 0x7f

db 0x45

db 0x4c

db 0x46

db 0x01

db 0x00

dw 0x0002

dw 0x0003

dd 0x00000001

dd e_entry

dd e_phoff

dd 0x00000000

dw ehdrsize

dw phdrsize

dw 0x0001

dw 0x0000

ehdrsize equ 0x00000034

phdr:

dd 0x00000001

dd 0x00000000

dd 0x08048000

dd filesize

dd 0x00000005

dd 0x00001000

phdrsize equ 0x00000020

e_phoff equ 0x00000034

msg:

db 0x48

db 0x65

db 0x6c

db 0x6f

db 0x20

db 0x57

db 0x6f

db 0x72

db 0x6c

db 0x64

db 0x21

db 0x0a

_start:

mov eax, 0x00000004

mov ebx, 0x00000001

mov ecx, 0x08048054

mov edx, 0x0000000d

int 0x80

call exit

exit:

mov eax, 0x00000001

mov ebx, 0x00000000

int 0x80

e_entry equ 0x08048061

filesize equ 0x00000088

)""");

CHECK(asm_code == ref);

#endif

std::vector<uint8_t> cref;

cref = {0x7f, 0x45, 0x4c, 0x46, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,

0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x02, 0x00, 0x03, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00,

0x00, 0x00, 0x61, 0x80, 0x04, 0x08, 0x34, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,

0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x34, 0x00, 0x20, 0x00,

0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00,

0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x80, 0x04, 0x08, 0x00, 0x80,

0x04, 0x08, 0x88, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x88, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x05,

0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x10, 0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x65, 0x6c, 0x6c,

0x6f, 0x20, 0x57, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x6c, 0x64, 0x21, 0x0a, 0xb8, 0x04,

0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xbb, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xb9, 0x54, 0x80,

0x04, 0x08, 0xba, 0x0d, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xcd, 0x80, 0xe8, 0x00,

0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xb8, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xbb, 0x00, 0x00,

0x00, 0x00, 0xcd, 0x80};

CHECK( a.get_machine_code().as_vector() == cref );

}

TEST_CASE("print") {

Allocator al(1024);

LFortran::X86Assembler a(al);

std::string msg = "Hello World!\n";

LFortran::emit_elf32_header(a);

a.add_label("_start");

LFortran::emit_print(a, "msg", msg.size());

a.asm_call_label("exit");

LFortran::emit_exit(a, "exit", 0);

LFortran::emit_data_string(a, "msg", msg);

LFortran::emit_elf32_footer(a);

a.verify();

a.save_binary("print32");

}

TEST_CASE("cmp") {

Allocator al(1024);

LFortran::X86Assembler a(al);

std::string msg1 = "Branch 1\n";

std::string msg2 = "Branch 2\n";

LFortran::emit_elf32_header(a);

a.add_label("_start");

// if (3 >= 5) then

a.asm_mov_r32_imm32(LFortran::X86Reg::eax, 3);

a.asm_cmp_r32_imm8(LFortran::X86Reg::eax, 5);

a.asm_jge_label(".then");

a.asm_jmp_label(".else");

a.add_label(".then");

LFortran::emit_print(a, "msg1", msg1.size());

a.asm_jmp_label(".endif");

a.add_label(".else");

LFortran::emit_print(a, "msg2", msg2.size());

a.add_label(".endif");

a.asm_call_label("exit");

LFortran::emit_exit(a, "exit", 0);

LFortran::emit_data_string(a, "msg1", msg1);

LFortran::emit_data_string(a, "msg2", msg2);

LFortran::emit_elf32_footer(a);

a.verify();

a.save_binary("cmp32");

}

TEST_CASE("subroutines") {

Allocator al(1024);

LFortran::X86Assembler a(al);

std::string msg1 = "Subroutine 1, calling 2\n";

std::string msg1b = "Subroutine 1, done\n";

std::string msg2 = "Subroutine 2, modifying a message\n";

LFortran::emit_elf32_header(a, 7);

a.add_label("sub1");

LFortran::emit_print(a, "msg1", msg1.size());

a.asm_call_label("sub2");

LFortran::emit_print(a, "msg1b", msg1b.size());

a.asm_ret();

a.add_label("sub2");

LFortran::emit_print(a, "msg2", msg2.size());

a.asm_mov_r32_imm32(LFortran::X86Reg::eax, 0x42414443);

a.asm_mov_r32_label(LFortran::X86Reg::ebx, "msg1b");

LFortran::X86Reg base = LFortran::X86Reg::ebx;

a.asm_mov_m32_r32(&base, nullptr, 1, 5, LFortran::X86Reg::eax);

a.asm_ret();

LFortran::emit_exit(a, "exit", 0);

a.add_label("_start");

a.asm_call_label("sub1");

a.asm_call_label("exit");

LFortran::emit_data_string(a, "msg1", msg1);

LFortran::emit_data_string(a, "msg1b", msg1b);

LFortran::emit_data_string(a, "msg2", msg2);

LFortran::emit_elf32_footer(a);

a.verify();

a.save_binary("subroutines32");

}

TEST_CASE("subroutine args") {

Allocator al(1024);

LFortran::X86Assembler a(al);

std::string msg1 = "Subroutine 1\n";

std::string msg2 = "Sum equal to 9\n";

std::string msg3 = "Sum not equal to 9\n";

LFortran::emit_elf32_header(a, 7);

a.add_label("sub1");

// Initialize stack

a.asm_push_r32(X86Reg::ebp);

a.asm_mov_r32_r32(X86Reg::ebp, X86Reg::esp);

a.asm_sub_r32_imm8(X86Reg::esp, 4); // one local variable

LFortran::emit_print(a, "msg1", msg1.size());

X86Reg base = X86Reg::ebp;

// mov eax, [ebp+8] // first argument

a.asm_mov_r32_m32(X86Reg::eax, &base, nullptr, 1, 8);

// mov ecx, [ebp+12] // second argument

a.asm_mov_r32_m32(X86Reg::ecx, &base, nullptr, 1, 12);

// mov [ebp-4], eax // move eax to a local variable

a.asm_mov_m32_r32(&base, nullptr, 1, -4, X86Reg::eax);

// add [ebp-4], ecx // add ecx

a.asm_add_m32_r32(&base, nullptr, 1, -4, X86Reg::ecx);

// mov eax, [ebp-4] // move the sum into the return value (eax)

a.asm_mov_r32_m32(X86Reg::eax, &base, nullptr, 1, -4);

// Restore stack

a.asm_mov_r32_r32(X86Reg::esp, X86Reg::ebp);

a.asm_pop_r32(X86Reg::ebp);

a.asm_ret();

LFortran::emit_exit(a, "exit", 0);

a.add_label("_start");

// Push arguments to stack (last argument first)

a.asm_push_imm8(5); // second argument

a.asm_push_imm8(4); // first argument

a.asm_call_label("sub1");

// Remove arguments from stack: 2 arguments, 4 bytes each

a.asm_add_r32_imm8(LFortran::X86Reg::esp, 2*4);

a.asm_cmp_r32_imm8(LFortran::X86Reg::eax, 9);

a.asm_je_label(".then");

a.asm_jmp_label(".else");

a.add_label(".then");

LFortran::emit_print(a, "msg2", msg2.size());

a.asm_jmp_label(".endif");

a.add_label(".else");

LFortran::emit_print(a, "msg3", msg3.size());

a.add_label(".endif");

a.asm_call_label("exit");

LFortran::emit_data_string(a, "msg1", msg1);

LFortran::emit_data_string(a, "msg2", msg2);

LFortran::emit_data_string(a, "msg3", msg3);

LFortran::emit_elf32_footer(a);

a.verify();

a.save_binary("subroutines_args32");

}

TEST_CASE("print integer") {

Allocator al(1024);

LFortran::X86Assembler a(al);

LFortran::emit_elf32_header(a);

LFortran::emit_print_int(a, "print_int");

LFortran::emit_exit(a, "exit", 0);

a.add_label("_start");

a.asm_push_imm32(1234);

a.asm_call_label("print_int");

a.asm_add_r32_imm8(LFortran::X86Reg::esp, 4);

a.asm_push_imm32(5678);

a.asm_call_label("print_int");

a.asm_add_r32_imm8(LFortran::X86Reg::esp, 4);

a.asm_call_label("exit");

LFortran::emit_elf32_footer(a);

a.verify();

a.save_binary("print_integer");

}

lpython/src/lpython/tests/test_asm.cpp at imag · certik/lpython · GitHub

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