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ql
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UndefinedGlobal.ql
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codeql
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python
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ql
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src
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Variables
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UndefinedGlobal.ql
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/**
* @name Use of an undefined global variable
* @description Using a global variable before it is initialized causes an exception.
* @kind problem
* @tags reliability
* correctness
* @problem.severity error
* @sub-severity low
* @precision low
* @id py/undefined-global-variable
*/
import
python
import
Variables.MonkeyPatched
import
Loop
import
semmle.python.pointsto.PointsTo
predicate
guarded_against_name_error
(
Name
u
)
{
exists
(
Try
t
|
t
.
getBody
(
)
.
getAnItem
(
)
.
contains
(
u
)
|
t
.
getAHandler
(
)
.
getType
(
)
.
(
Name
)
.
getId
(
)
=
"NameError"
)
or
exists
(
ConditionBlock
guard
,
BasicBlock
controlled
,
Call
globals
|
guard
.
getLastNode
(
)
.
getNode
(
)
.
contains
(
globals
)
or
guard
.
getLastNode
(
)
.
getNode
(
)
=
globals
|
globals
.
getFunc
(
)
.
(
Name
)
.
getId
(
)
=
"globals"
and
guard
.
controls
(
controlled
,
_
)
and
controlled
.
contains
(
u
.
getAFlowNode
(
)
)
)
}
predicate
contains_unknown_import_star
(
Module
m
)
{
exists
(
ImportStar
imp
|
imp
.
getScope
(
)
=
m
|
exists
(
ModuleValue
imported
|
imported
.
importedAs
(
imp
.
getImportedModuleName
(
)
)
|
not
imported
.
hasCompleteExportInfo
(
)
)
)
}
predicate
undefined_use_in_function
(
Name
u
)
{
exists
(
Function
f
|
u
.
getScope
(
)
.
getScope
*
(
)
=
f
and
// Either function is a method or inner function or it is live at the end of the module scope
(
not
f
.
getScope
(
)
=
u
.
getEnclosingModule
(
)
or
u
.
getEnclosingModule
(
)
.
(
ImportTimeScope
)
.
definesName
(
f
.
getName
(
)
)
)
and
// There is a use, but not a definition of this global variable in the function or enclosing scope
exists
(
GlobalVariable
v
|
u
.
uses
(
v
)
|
not
exists
(
Assign
a
,
Scope
defnScope
|
a
.
getATarget
(
)
=
v
.
getAnAccess
(
)
and
a
.
getScope
(
)
=
defnScope
|
defnScope
=
f
or
// Exclude modules as that case is handled more precisely below.
defnScope
=
f
.
getScope
(
)
.
getScope
*
(
)
and
not
defnScope
instanceof
Module
)
)
)
and
not
u
.
getEnclosingModule
(
)
.
(
ImportTimeScope
)
.
definesName
(
u
.
getId
(
)
)
and
not
exists
(
ModuleValue
m
|
m
.
getScope
(
)
=
u
.
getEnclosingModule
(
)
|
m
.
hasAttribute
(
u
.
getId
(
)
)
)
and
not
globallyDefinedName
(
u
.
getId
(
)
)
and
not
exists
(
SsaVariable
var
|
var
.
getAUse
(
)
.
getNode
(
)
=
u
and
not
var
.
maybeUndefined
(
)
)
and
not
guarded_against_name_error
(
u
)
and
not
(
u
.
getEnclosingModule
(
)
.
isPackageInit
(
)
and
u
.
getId
(
)
=
"__path__"
)
}
predicate
undefined_use_in_class_or_module
(
Name
u
)
{
exists
(
GlobalVariable
v
|
u
.
uses
(
v
)
)
and
not
u
.
getScope
(
)
.
getScope
*
(
)
instanceof
Function
and
exists
(
SsaVariable
var
|
var
.
getAUse
(
)
.
getNode
(
)
=
u
|
var
.
maybeUndefined
(
)
)
and
not
guarded_against_name_error
(
u
)
and
not
exists
(
ModuleValue
m
|
m
.
getScope
(
)
=
u
.
getEnclosingModule
(
)
|
m
.
hasAttribute
(
u
.
getId
(
)
)
)
and
not
(
u
.
getEnclosingModule
(
)
.
isPackageInit
(
)
and
u
.
getId
(
)
=
"__path__"
)
and
not
globallyDefinedName
(
u
.
getId
(
)
)
}
predicate
use_of_exec
(
Module
m
)
{
exists
(
Exec
exec
|
exec
.
getScope
(
)
=
m
)
or
exists
(
CallNode
call
,
FunctionValue
exec
|
exec
.
getACall
(
)
=
call
and
call
.
getScope
(
)
=
m
|
exec
=
Value
::
named
(
"exec"
)
or
exec
=
Value
::
named
(
"execfile"
)
)
}
predicate
undefined_use
(
Name
u
)
{
(
undefined_use_in_class_or_module
(
u
)
or
undefined_use_in_function
(
u
)
)
and
not
monkey_patched_builtin
(
u
.
getId
(
)
)
and
not
contains_unknown_import_star
(
u
.
getEnclosingModule
(
)
)
and
not
use_of_exec
(
u
.
getEnclosingModule
(
)
)
and
not
exists
(
u
.
getVariable
(
)
.
getAStore
(
)
)
and
not
u
.
pointsTo
(
_
)
and
not
probably_defined_in_loop
(
u
)
}
private
predicate
first_use_in_a_block
(
Name
use
)
{
exists
(
GlobalVariable
v
,
BasicBlock
b
,
int
i
|
i
=
min
(
int
j
|
b
.
getNode
(
j
)
.
getNode
(
)
=
v
.
getALoad
(
)
)
and
b
.
getNode
(
i
)
=
use
.
getAFlowNode
(
)
)
}
predicate
first_undefined_use
(
Name
use
)
{
undefined_use
(
use
)
and
exists
(
GlobalVariable
v
|
v
.
getALoad
(
)
=
use
|
first_use_in_a_block
(
use
)
and
not
exists
(
ControlFlowNode
other
|
other
.
getNode
(
)
=
v
.
getALoad
(
)
and
other
.
getBasicBlock
(
)
.
strictlyDominates
(
use
.
getAFlowNode
(
)
.
getBasicBlock
(
)
)
)
)
}
from
Name
u
where
first_undefined_use
(
u
)
select
u
,
"This use of global variable '"
+
u
.
getId
(
)
+
"' may be undefined."
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