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MySQLTuner is a script written in Perl that allows you to review a MySQL installation quickly and make adjustments to increase performance and stability. The current configuration variables and status data is retrieved and presented in a brief format along with some basic performance suggestions.
MySQLTuner supports ~900+ indicators, KPIs, and recommendations (including Weighted Health Score, Predictive Capacity Planning, and SSL/TLS Audit) for MySQL/MariaDB/Percona Server in this latest version.
MySQLTuner is actively maintained supporting many configurations such as Galera Cluster, TokuDB, Performance schema, Linux OS metrics, InnoDB, MyISAM, Aria, ...
You can find more details on these indicators here: Indicators description.
MySQLTuner needs contributors for documentation, code and feedback:
Active development is sponsored by:
Thanks to LightPath for providing resources (dev servers, AI subscriptions, staging & features).
Test result are available here for LTS only:
Thanks to endoflife.date
Windows Support is partial
UNSUPPORTED ENVIRONMENTS - NEED HELP WITH THAT
Advanced Intelligence & Ecosystem
MySQLTuner natively supports modern Artificial Intelligence (AI) workflows, autonomous DBA agents, and developer assistants (e.g., Claude Desktop, Cursor IDE, VS Code / Cline, Antigravity, and LangChain/LlamaIndex frameworks).
For complete technical documentation, refer to the AI & MCP Integration Guide, Guide Serveur MCP IA (FR), and AGENT.md.
Direct CLI Telemetry (--agent-json): Outputs zero-dependency structured JSON containing findings, impact scores (1-10), risk levels (Low, Medium, High, Critical), executable SET GLOBAL SQL statements, and pre-calculated rollback_statement baselines.
perl mysqltuner.pl --agent-json --host 127.0.0.1 --user root --pass secretModel Context Protocol (MCP) Server: A lightweight microservice (build/mcp_server.py and Dockerfile.mcp) communicating over standard I/O (stdio) via JSON-RPC 2.0.
docker run -d \
--name mysqltuner-mcp \
-e DB_HOST=127.0.0.1 -e DB_USER=root -e DB_PASSWORD=secret \
mysqltuner-mcpMyISAM is too old and no longer active
RockDB is not maintained anymore
TokuDB is not maintained anymore
XtraDB is not maintained anymore
CVE vulnerabilities detection support from https://cve.mitre.org
MINIMAL REQUIREMENTS
To run MySQLTuner with all features, the following privileges are required:
MySQL 8.0+:
GRANT SELECT, PROCESS, SHOW DATABASES, EXECUTE, REPLICATION REPLICA, REPLICATION CLIENT, SHOW VIEW ON *.* TO 'mysqltuner'@'localhost';MariaDB 10.5+:
GRANT SELECT, PROCESS, SHOW DATABASES, EXECUTE, BINLOG MONITOR, SHOW VIEW, REPLICATION SOURCE ADMIN, REPLICA MONITOR ON *.* TO 'mysqltuner'@'localhost';Legacy versions:
GRANT SELECT, PROCESS, EXECUTE, REPLICATION CLIENT, SHOW DATABASES, SHOW VIEW ON *.* TO 'mysqltuner'@'localhost';OS root access recommended for MySQL < 5.1
It is important for you to fully understand each change you make to a MySQL database server. If you don't understand portions of the script's output, or if you don't understand the recommendations, you should consult a knowledgeable DBA or system administrator that you trust. Always test your changes on staging environments, and always keep in mind that improvements in one area can adversely affect MySQL in other areas.
It's also important to wait at least 24 hours of uptime to get accurate results. In fact, running mysqltuner on a fresh restarted server is completely useless.
Also review the FAQ section below.
Hi directadmin user! We detected that you run mysqltuner with da_admin's credentials taken from /usr/local/directadmin/conf/my.cnf, which might bring to a password discovery! Read link for more details Issue #289.
All checks done by MySQLTuner are documented in MySQLTuner Internals documentation.
MySQLTuner analyzes the following areas:
Note: Linux distribution packages (e.g. apt install mysqltuner on Ubuntu/Debian, yum/dnf on RHEL/CentOS/Fedora) often ship a significantly older version of MySQLTuner. There is no official distribution-maintained repository that tracks the latest release. To always get the latest version, use one of the direct download methods below.
Choose one of these methods:
wget https://mysqltuner.pl/ -O mysqltuner.pl
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/major/MySQLTuner-perl/master/basic_passwords.txt -O basic_passwords.txt
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/major/MySQLTuner-perl/master/vulnerabilities.csv -O vulnerabilities.csvgit clone --depth 1 -b master https://github.com/major/MySQLTuner-perl.gitbrew install mysqltunerIf you are in an air-gapped environment without direct internet access, download the files on a machine that has internet access (or via a proxy host), then copy mysqltuner.pl, basic_passwords.txt, and vulnerabilities.csv to your target server.
Docker: Pull and run the official Docker container (Docker hub tags are available at jmrenouard/mysqltuner tags):
docker pull jmrenouard/mysqltuner:latest
# Basic execution
docker run --rm -it jmrenouard/mysqltuner --host <database_host> --user <username> --pass <password>
# Save generated reports (HTML/TXT) to host filesystem:
docker run --rm -it -v $(pwd)/results:/results jmrenouard/mysqltuner --host <database_host> --user <username> --pass <password>
# Mount custom configuration / defaults file:
docker run --rm -it -v $(pwd)/my.cnf:/defaults.cnf -v $(pwd)/results:/results jmrenouard/mysqltuner --host <database_host> --user <username> --pass <password>Sysschema is installed by default under MySQL 5.7 and MySQL 8 from Oracle. By default, on MySQL 5.6/5.7/8, performance schema is enabled. For previous MySQL 5.6 version, you can follow this command to create a new database sys containing very useful view on Performance schema:
curl "https://codeload.github.com/mysql/mysql-sys/zip/master" > sysschema.zip
# check zip file
unzip -l sysschema.zip
unzip sysschema.zip
cd mysql-sys-master
mysql -uroot -p < sys_56.sqlcurl "https://github.com/FromDual/mariadb-sys/archive/refs/heads/master.zip" > sysschema.zip
# check zip file
unzip -l sysschema.zip
unzip sysschema.zip
cd mariadb-sys-master
mysql -u root -p < ./sys_10.sqlBy default, performance_schema is enabled and sysschema is installed on latest version.
By default, on MariaDB, performance schema is disabled (MariaDB<10.6).
Consider activating performance schema across your my.cnf configuration file:
[mysqld]
performance_schema = on
performance-schema-consumer-events-statements-history-long = ON
performance-schema-consumer-events-statements-history = ON
performance-schema-consumer-events-statements-current = ON
performance-schema-consumer-events-stages-current=ON
performance-schema-consumer-events-stages-history=ON
performance-schema-consumer-events-stages-history-long=ON
performance-schema-consumer-events-transactions-current=ON
performance-schema-consumer-events-transactions-history=ON
performance-schema-consumer-events-transactions-history-long=ON
performance-schema-consumer-events-waits-current=ON
performance-schema-consumer-events-waits-history=ON
performance-schema-consumer-events-waits-history-long=ON
performance-schema-instrument='%=ON'
max-digest-length=2048
performance-schema-max-digest-length=2018Sysschema is not installed by default under MariaDB prior to 10.6 MariaDB sys
You can follow this command to create a new database sys containing a useful view on Performance schema:
curl "https://codeload.github.com/FromDual/mariadb-sys/zip/master" > mariadb-sys.zip
# check zip file
unzip -l mariadb-sys.zip
unzip mariadb-sys.zip
cd mariadb-sys-master/
mysql -u root -p < ./sys_10.sqlThis error can be safely ignored Consider using a recent MySQL/MariaDB version to avoid this kind of issue during sysschema installation
In recent versions, sysschema is installed and integrated by default as sys schema (SHOW DATABASES)
Fixing sysctl configuration (/etc/sysctl.conf)
-- It is a system wide setting and not a database setting: Linux FS Kernel settings
You can check its values via:
$ cat /proc/sys/fs/aio-*
65536
2305For example, to set the aio-max-nr value, add the following line to the /etc/sysctl.conf file:
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576To activate the new setting:
sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.confUsage: Minimal usage locally
perl mysqltuner.pl --host 127.0.0.1Of course, you can add the execute bit (chmod +x mysqltuner.pl) so you can execute it without calling Perl directly.
Usage: Minimal usage remotely
In previous version, --forcemem shoud be set manually, in order to be able to run an MySQLTuner analysis
Since 2.1.10, memory and swap are defined to 1Gb by default.
If you want a more accurate value according to your remote server, feel free to setup --forcemem and --forceswap to real RAM value
perl mysqltuner.pl --host targetDNS_IP --user admin_user --pass admin_passwordUsage: Enable maximum output information around MySQL/MariaDb without debugging
perl mysqltuner.pl --verbose
perl mysqltuner.pl --buffers --dbstat --idxstat --sysstat --pfstat --tbstatUsage: Enable CVE vulnerabilities check for your MariaDB or MySQL version
perl mysqltuner.pl --cvefile=vulnerabilities.csvUsage: Write your result in a file with information displayed
perl mysqltuner.pl --outputfile /tmp/result_mysqltuner.txtUsage: Write your result in a file without outputting information
perl mysqltuner.pl --silent --outputfile /tmp/result_mysqltuner.txtUsage: Generate a standalone HTML report file (built-in, requires no CPAN or external modules)
perl mysqltuner.pl --reportfile=mysqltuner.htmlUsage: Dumping all information_schema and sysschema views as csv file into results subdirectory
perl mysqltuner.pl --verbose --dumpdir=./resultUsage: Enable debugging information
perl mysqltuner.pl --debugUsage: Update MySQLTuner and data files (password and cve) if needed
perl mysqltuner.pl --checkversion --updateversionUsage: Integrating Sysbench performance results
perl mysqltuner.pl --sysbench-file=/path/to/sysbench_output.txtUsage: Historical Trend Analysis (compare with previous run)
perl mysqltuner.pl --json --outputfile=run1.json
# ... some time later ...
perl mysqltuner.pl --compare-file=run1.jsonUsage: Export one Markdown file per schema (schema documentation)
perl mysqltuner.pl --verbose --schemadir=./schemasUsage: Dump data with row limits and gzip compression
perl mysqltuner.pl --verbose --dumpdir=./result --dump-limit=10000 --compress-dumpUsage: Container mode (analyze a database running in Docker)
perl mysqltuner.pl --verbose --container docker:mysql_container_nameUsage: Table structure and naming convention analysis
perl mysqltuner.pl --structstatUsage: Filter output (show only problems)
perl mysqltuner.pl --nogood --noinfoUsage: JSON output (for automation and reporting pipelines)
perl mysqltuner.pl --json --outputfile=report.json
perl mysqltuner.pl --prettyjsonUsage: Non-dedicated server mode (shared hosting)
perl mysqltuner.pl --nondedicatedUsage: Fast Analysis by Bypassing Table Workload Scans (Issue #986)
perl mysqltuner.pl --skipworkloadUsage: AI Agent Remediation Schema (Actionable JSON)
perl mysqltuner.pl --agent-json --outputfile=remediation.jsonUsage: Use credentials from environment variables
export MYSQL_USER=mysqltuner
export MYSQL_PASS=secret
perl mysqltuner.pl --userenv=MYSQL_USER --passenv=MYSQL_PASSUsage: Use a custom defaults file
perl mysqltuner.pl --defaults-file=/path/to/my.cnfFor a complete list of all available options, run perl mysqltuner.pl --help or refer to the USAGE.md documentation.
MySQLTuner now has experimental support for cloud-based MySQL services.
MySQLTuner calculates a Weighted Health Score KPI (overall database health assessment on a scale of 0 to 100) dynamically based on three categories:
Generating the HTML Report
You can generate a standalone HTML report directly with:
perl mysqltuner.pl --reportfile=mysqltuner.htmlThis feature is built natively in pure Perl and has zero external dependencies (no CPAN modules or Python packages are required). The generated report provides an interactive dark-themed dashboard displaying:
Question: What are the prerequisites for running MySQL tuner ?
Before running MySQL tuner, you should have the following:
Question: Can MySQL tuner make changes to my configuration automatically ?
No., MySQL tuner only provides recommendations. It does not make any changes to your configuration files automatically. It is up to the user to review the suggestions and implement them as needed.
Question: How often should I run MySQL tuner ?
It is recommended to run MySQL tuner periodically, especially after significant changes to your MySQL server or its workload.
For optimal results, run the script after your server has been running for at least 24 hours to gather sufficient performance data.
Question: How do I interpret the results from MySQL tuner ?
MySQL tuner provides output in the form of suggestions and warnings.
Review each recommendation and consider implementing the changes in your MySQL configuration file (usually my.cnf or my.ini).
Be cautious when making changes and always backup your configuration file before making any modifications.
Question: Can MySQL tuner cause harm to my database or server ?
While MySQL tuner itself will not make any changes to your server, blindly implementing its recommendations without understanding the impact can cause issues.
Always ensure you understand the implications of each suggestion before applying it to your server.
Question: Does MySQL tuner support MariaDB and Percona Server ?
Yes, MySQL tuner supports MariaDB and Percona Server since they are derivatives of MySQL and share a similar architecture. The script can analyze and provide recommendations for these systems as well.
Question: What should I do if I need help with MySQL tuner or have questions about the recommendations ?
If you need help with MySQL tuner or have questions about the recommendations provided by the script, you can consult the MySQL tuner documentation, seek advice from online forums, or consult a MySQL expert.
Be cautious when implementing changes to ensure the stability and performance of your server.
Question: Will MySQLTuner fix my slow MySQL server ?
No. MySQLTuner is a read only script. It won't write to any configuration files, change the status of any daemons. It will give you an overview of your server's performance and make some basic recommendations for improvements that you can make after it completes.
Question: Can I fire my DBA now?
MySQLTuner will not replace your DBA in any form or fashion.
If your DBA constantly takes your parking spot and steals your lunch from the fridge, then you may want to consider it - but that's your call.
Once you create it, make sure it's owned by your user and the mode on the file is 0600. This should prevent the prying eyes from getting your database login credentials under normal conditions.
Question: I get "ERROR 1524 (HY000): Plugin 'unix_socket' is not loaded" even with unix_socket=OFF. How to fix?
This occurs because the MariaDB client attempts to use the unix_socket plugin by default when no user/password is provided.
Question: How to securely re-enable unix_socket authentication?
If you decide to use unix_socket (which allows the OS root user to log in to MariaDB root without a password), follow these steps:
Ensure the plugin is enabled in /etc/my.cnf: unix_socket=ON (or remove OFF).
In MariaDB, set the authentication plugin for the root user:
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED VIA unix_socket;Verify that the auth_socket or unix_socket plugin is ACTIVE in SHOW PLUGINS.
Question: Is there another way to secure credentials on latest MySQL and MariaDB distributions ?
You could use mysql_config_editor utilities.
$ mysql_config_editor set --login-path=client --user=someusername --password --host=localhost
Enter password: ********After which, ~/.mylogin.cnf will be created with the appropriate access.
To get information about stored credentials, use the following command:
$mysql_config_editor print
[client]
user = someusername
password = *****
host = localhostQuestion: It's not working on my OS! What gives?!
These kinds of things are bound to happen. Here are the details I need from you to investigate the issue:
Question: How to perform CVE vulnerability checks?
Question: How to use mysqltuner from a remote host? Thanks to @rolandomysqldba
Connection and Authentication
--host <hostname> Connect to a remote host to perform tests (default: localhost) --socket <socket> Use a different socket for a local connection --port <port> Port to use for connection (default: 3306) --user <username> Username to use for authentication --pass <password> Password to use for authentication --defaults-file <path> defaults file for credentials
Since you are using a remote host, use parameters to supply values from the OS
--forcemem <size> Amount of RAM installed (in megabytes or with units, e.g. 15G, 1024M) --forceswap <size> Amount of swap memory configured (in megabytes or with units)
If the database has too many tables, or very large table, use this:
--skipsize Don't enumerate tables and their types/sizes (default: on)
(Recommended for servers with many tables)
Question: Can I install this project using homebrew on Apple Macintosh?
Yes! brew install mysqltuner can be used to install this application using homebrew on Apple Macintosh.
Question: I installed MySQLTuner via my Linux distribution's package manager (apt/yum/dnf). How do I get the latest version?
Linux distributions such as Ubuntu, Debian, RHEL, and CentOS often ship an older version of MySQLTuner in their official repositories. For example, Ubuntu 22.04 ships version 1.7.17 while the latest release may be significantly newer.
There is currently no official APT/YUM/DNF repository that tracks the latest MySQLTuner release. To get the latest version, use one of these methods:
wget https://mysqltuner.pl/ -O mysqltuner.pl
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/major/MySQLTuner-perl/master/basic_passwords.txt -O basic_passwords.txt
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/major/MySQLTuner-perl/master/vulnerabilities.csv -O vulnerabilities.csv
chmod +x mysqltuner.plgit clone --depth 1 -b master https://github.com/major/MySQLTuner-perl.git
cd MySQLTuner-perl
perl mysqltuner.plNote: The Vagrant-based test environment is considered legacy. For modern testing, use the Docker-based test suite via make test-it or build/test_envs.sh.
Vagrant File is stored in the Vagrant subdirectory.
MySQLTuner includes a Docker-based test infrastructure for multi-version validation:
# Create and start all test containers
sh build/createTestEnvs.sh
# Source environment helpers
source build/bashrc
# Connect to a specific database
mysql_percona80 sakilaSupported test targets (refer to MariaDB support and MySQL support for the current compatibility matrix):
How to contribute using Pull Request ? Follow this guide : Pull request creation
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