cpython/Lib/platform.py at cceac5dd06fdbaba3f45b8be159dfa79b74ff237 · python/cpython · GitHub

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#!/usr/bin/env python3

""" This module tries to retrieve as much platform-identifying data as

possible. It makes this information available via function APIs.

If called from the command line, it prints the platform

information concatenated as single string to stdout. The output

format is usable as part of a filename.

"""

# This module is maintained by Marc-Andre Lemburg <mal@egenix.com>.

# If you find problems, please submit bug reports/patches via the

# Python bug tracker (http://bugs.python.org) and assign them to "lemburg".

# Still needed:

# * support for MS-DOS (PythonDX ?)

# * support for Amiga and other still unsupported platforms running Python

# * support for additional Linux distributions

# Many thanks to all those who helped adding platform-specific

# checks (in no particular order):

# Charles G Waldman, David Arnold, Gordon McMillan, Ben Darnell,

# Jeff Bauer, Cliff Crawford, Ivan Van Laningham, Josef

# Betancourt, Randall Hopper, Karl Putland, John Farrell, Greg

# Andruk, Just van Rossum, Thomas Heller, Mark R. Levinson, Mark

# Hammond, Bill Tutt, Hans Nowak, Uwe Zessin (OpenVMS support),

# Colin Kong, Trent Mick, Guido van Rossum, Anthony Baxter, Steve

# Dower

# History:

# <see CVS and SVN checkin messages for history>

# 1.0.8 - changed Windows support to read version from kernel32.dll

# 1.0.7 - added DEV_NULL

# 1.0.6 - added linux_distribution()

# 1.0.5 - fixed Java support to allow running the module on Jython

# 1.0.4 - added IronPython support

# 1.0.3 - added normalization of Windows system name

# 1.0.2 - added more Windows support

# 1.0.1 - reformatted to make doc.py happy

# 1.0.0 - reformatted a bit and checked into Python CVS

# 0.8.0 - added sys.version parser and various new access

# APIs (python_version(), python_compiler(), etc.)

# 0.7.2 - fixed architecture() to use sizeof(pointer) where available

# 0.7.1 - added support for Caldera OpenLinux

# 0.7.0 - some fixes for WinCE; untabified the source file

# 0.6.2 - support for OpenVMS - requires version 1.5.2-V006 or higher and

# vms_lib.getsyi() configured

# 0.6.1 - added code to prevent 'uname -p' on platforms which are

# known not to support it

# 0.6.0 - fixed win32_ver() to hopefully work on Win95,98,NT and Win2k;

# did some cleanup of the interfaces - some APIs have changed

# 0.5.5 - fixed another type in the MacOS code... should have

# used more coffee today ;-)

# 0.5.4 - fixed a few typos in the MacOS code

# 0.5.3 - added experimental MacOS support; added better popen()

# workarounds in _syscmd_ver() -- still not 100% elegant

# though

# 0.5.2 - fixed uname() to return '' instead of 'unknown' in all

# return values (the system uname command tends to return

# 'unknown' instead of just leaving the field empty)

# 0.5.1 - included code for slackware dist; added exception handlers

# to cover up situations where platforms don't have os.popen

# (e.g. Mac) or fail on socket.gethostname(); fixed libc

# detection RE

# 0.5.0 - changed the API names referring to system commands to *syscmd*;

# added java_ver(); made syscmd_ver() a private

# API (was system_ver() in previous versions) -- use uname()

# instead; extended the win32_ver() to also return processor

# type information

# 0.4.0 - added win32_ver() and modified the platform() output for WinXX

# 0.3.4 - fixed a bug in _follow_symlinks()

# 0.3.3 - fixed popen() and "file" command invocation bugs

# 0.3.2 - added architecture() API and support for it in platform()

# 0.3.1 - fixed syscmd_ver() RE to support Windows NT

# 0.3.0 - added system alias support

# 0.2.3 - removed 'wince' again... oh well.

# 0.2.2 - added 'wince' to syscmd_ver() supported platforms

# 0.2.1 - added cache logic and changed the platform string format

# 0.2.0 - changed the API to use functions instead of module globals

# since some action take too long to be run on module import

# 0.1.0 - first release

# You can always get the latest version of this module at:

# http://www.egenix.com/files/python/platform.py

# If that URL should fail, try contacting the author.

__copyright__ = """

Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its

documentation for any purpose and without fee or royalty is hereby granted,

provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that

both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in

supporting documentation or portions thereof, including modifications,

that you make.

EGENIX.COM SOFTWARE GMBH DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO

THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND

FITNESS, IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL,

INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING

FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,

NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION

WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE !

"""

__version__ = '1.0.8'

import collections

import os

import re

import sys

import functools

import itertools

### Globals & Constants

# Helper for comparing two version number strings.

# Based on the description of the PHP's version_compare():

# http://php.net/manual/en/function.version-compare.php

_ver_stages = {

# any string not found in this dict, will get 0 assigned

'dev': 10,

'alpha': 20, 'a': 20,

'beta': 30, 'b': 30,

'c': 40,

'RC': 50, 'rc': 50,

# number, will get 100 assigned

'pl': 200, 'p': 200,

}

_component_re = re.compile(r'([0-9]+|[._+-])')

def _comparable_version(version):

result = []

for v in _component_re.split(version):

if v not in '._+-':

try:

v = int(v, 10)

t = 100

except ValueError:

t = _ver_stages.get(v, 0)

result.extend((t, v))

return result

### Platform specific APIs

_libc_search = re.compile(b'(__libc_init)'

b'|'

b'(GLIBC_([0-9.]+))'

b'|'

br'(libc(_\w+)?\.so(?:\.(\d[0-9.]*))?)', re.ASCII)

def libc_ver(executable=None, lib='', version='', chunksize=16384):

""" Tries to determine the libc version that the file executable

(which defaults to the Python interpreter) is linked against.

Returns a tuple of strings (lib,version) which default to the

given parameters in case the lookup fails.

Note that the function has intimate knowledge of how different

libc versions add symbols to the executable and thus is probably

only usable for executables compiled using gcc.

The file is read and scanned in chunks of chunksize bytes.

"""

if not executable:

try:

ver = os.confstr('CS_GNU_LIBC_VERSION')

# parse 'glibc 2.28' as ('glibc', '2.28')

parts = ver.split(maxsplit=1)

if len(parts) == 2:

return tuple(parts)

except (AttributeError, ValueError, OSError):

# os.confstr() or CS_GNU_LIBC_VERSION value not available

pass

executable = sys.executable

if not executable:

# sys.executable is not set.

return lib, version

V = _comparable_version

# We use os.path.realpath()

# here to work around problems with Cygwin not being

# able to open symlinks for reading

executable = os.path.realpath(executable)

with open(executable, 'rb') as f:

binary = f.read(chunksize)

pos = 0

while pos < len(binary):

if b'libc' in binary or b'GLIBC' in binary:

m = _libc_search.search(binary, pos)

else:

m = None

if not m or m.end() == len(binary):

chunk = f.read(chunksize)

if chunk:

binary = binary[max(pos, len(binary) - 1000):] + chunk

pos = 0

continue

if not m:

break

libcinit, glibc, glibcversion, so, threads, soversion = [

s.decode('latin1') if s is not None else s

for s in m.groups()]

if libcinit and not lib:

lib = 'libc'

elif glibc:

if lib != 'glibc':

lib = 'glibc'

version = glibcversion

elif V(glibcversion) > V(version):

version = glibcversion

elif so:

if lib != 'glibc':

lib = 'libc'

if soversion and (not version or V(soversion) > V(version)):

version = soversion

if threads and version[-len(threads):] != threads:

version = version + threads

pos = m.end()

return lib, version

def _norm_version(version, build=''):

""" Normalize the version and build strings and return a single

version string using the format major.minor.build (or patchlevel).

"""

l = version.split('.')

if build:

l.append(build)

try:

strings = list(map(str, map(int, l)))

except ValueError:

strings = l

version = '.'.join(strings[:3])

return version

_ver_output = re.compile(r'(?:([\w ]+) ([\w.]+) '

r'.*'

r'\[.* ([\d.]+)\])')

# Examples of VER command output:

# Windows 2000: Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195]

# Windows XP: Microsoft Windows XP [Version 5.1.2600]

# Windows Vista: Microsoft Windows [Version 6.0.6002]

# Note that the "Version" string gets localized on different

# Windows versions.

def _syscmd_ver(system='', release='', version='',

supported_platforms=('win32', 'win16', 'dos')):

""" Tries to figure out the OS version used and returns

a tuple (system, release, version).

It uses the "ver" shell command for this which is known

to exists on Windows, DOS. XXX Others too ?

In case this fails, the given parameters are used as

defaults.

"""

if sys.platform not in supported_platforms:

return system, release, version

# Try some common cmd strings

import subprocess

for cmd in ('ver', 'command /c ver', 'cmd /c ver'):

try:

info = subprocess.check_output(cmd,

stdin=subprocess.DEVNULL,

stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,

text=True,

shell=True)

except (OSError, subprocess.CalledProcessError) as why:

#print('Command %s failed: %s' % (cmd, why))

continue

else:

break

else:

return system, release, version

# Parse the output

info = info.strip()

m = _ver_output.match(info)

if m is not None:

system, release, version = m.groups()

# Strip trailing dots from version and release

if release[-1] == '.':

release = release[:-1]

if version[-1] == '.':

version = version[:-1]

# Normalize the version and build strings (eliminating additional

# zeros)

version = _norm_version(version)

return system, release, version

_WIN32_CLIENT_RELEASES = {

(5, 0): "2000",

(5, 1): "XP",

# Strictly, 5.2 client is XP 64-bit, but platform.py historically

# has always called it 2003 Server

(5, 2): "2003Server",

(5, None): "post2003",

(6, 0): "Vista",

(6, 1): "7",

(6, 2): "8",

(6, 3): "8.1",

(6, None): "post8.1",

(10, 0): "10",

(10, None): "post10",

}

# Server release name lookup will default to client names if necessary

_WIN32_SERVER_RELEASES = {

(5, 2): "2003Server",

(6, 0): "2008Server",

(6, 1): "2008ServerR2",

(6, 2): "2012Server",

(6, 3): "2012ServerR2",

(6, None): "post2012ServerR2",

}

def win32_is_iot():

return win32_edition() in ('IoTUAP', 'NanoServer', 'WindowsCoreHeadless', 'IoTEdgeOS')

def win32_edition():

try:

import winreg

except ImportError:

import _winreg as winreg

except ImportError:

pass

else:

try:

cvkey = r'SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion'

with winreg.OpenKeyEx(winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, cvkey) as key:

return winreg.QueryValueEx(key, 'EditionId')[0]

except OSError:

pass

return None

def win32_ver(release='', version='', csd='', ptype=''):

try:

from sys import getwindowsversion

except ImportError:

return release, version, csd, ptype

winver = getwindowsversion()

try:

major, minor, build = map(int, _syscmd_ver()[2].split('.'))

except ValueError:

major, minor, build = winver.platform_version or winver[:3]

version = '{0}.{1}.{2}'.format(major, minor, build)

release = (_WIN32_CLIENT_RELEASES.get((major, minor)) or

_WIN32_CLIENT_RELEASES.get((major, None)) or

release)

# getwindowsversion() reflect the compatibility mode Python is

# running under, and so the service pack value is only going to be

# valid if the versions match.

if winver[:2] == (major, minor):

try:

csd = 'SP{}'.format(winver.service_pack_major)

except AttributeError:

if csd[:13] == 'Service Pack ':

csd = 'SP' + csd[13:]

# VER_NT_SERVER = 3

if getattr(winver, 'product_type', None) == 3:

release = (_WIN32_SERVER_RELEASES.get((major, minor)) or

_WIN32_SERVER_RELEASES.get((major, None)) or

release)

try:

import winreg

except ImportError:

import _winreg as winreg

except ImportError:

pass

else:

try:

cvkey = r'SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion'

with winreg.OpenKeyEx(winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, cvkey) as key:

ptype = winreg.QueryValueEx(key, 'CurrentType')[0]

except OSError:

pass

return release, version, csd, ptype

def _mac_ver_xml():

fn = '/System/Library/CoreServices/SystemVersion.plist'

if not os.path.exists(fn):

return None

try:

import plistlib

except ImportError:

return None

with open(fn, 'rb') as f:

pl = plistlib.load(f)

release = pl['ProductVersion']

versioninfo = ('', '', '')

machine = os.uname().machine

if machine in ('ppc', 'Power Macintosh'):

# Canonical name

machine = 'PowerPC'

return release, versioninfo, machine

def mac_ver(release='', versioninfo=('', '', ''), machine=''):

""" Get macOS version information and return it as tuple (release,

versioninfo, machine) with versioninfo being a tuple (version,

dev_stage, non_release_version).

Entries which cannot be determined are set to the parameter values

which default to ''. All tuple entries are strings.

"""

# First try reading the information from an XML file which should

# always be present

info = _mac_ver_xml()

if info is not None:

return info

# If that also doesn't work return the default values

return release, versioninfo, machine

def _java_getprop(name, default):

from java.lang import System

try:

value = System.getProperty(name)

if value is None:

return default

return value

except AttributeError:

return default

def java_ver(release='', vendor='', vminfo=('', '', ''), osinfo=('', '', '')):

""" Version interface for Jython.

Returns a tuple (release, vendor, vminfo, osinfo) with vminfo being

a tuple (vm_name, vm_release, vm_vendor) and osinfo being a

tuple (os_name, os_version, os_arch).

Values which cannot be determined are set to the defaults

given as parameters (which all default to '').

"""

# Import the needed APIs

try:

import java.lang

except ImportError:

return release, vendor, vminfo, osinfo

vendor = _java_getprop('java.vendor', vendor)

release = _java_getprop('java.version', release)

vm_name, vm_release, vm_vendor = vminfo

vm_name = _java_getprop('java.vm.name', vm_name)

vm_vendor = _java_getprop('java.vm.vendor', vm_vendor)

vm_release = _java_getprop('java.vm.version', vm_release)

vminfo = vm_name, vm_release, vm_vendor

os_name, os_version, os_arch = osinfo

os_arch = _java_getprop('java.os.arch', os_arch)

os_name = _java_getprop('java.os.name', os_name)

os_version = _java_getprop('java.os.version', os_version)

osinfo = os_name, os_version, os_arch

return release, vendor, vminfo, osinfo

### System name aliasing

def system_alias(system, release, version):

""" Returns (system, release, version) aliased to common

marketing names used for some systems.

It also does some reordering of the information in some cases

where it would otherwise cause confusion.

"""

if system == 'SunOS':

# Sun's OS

if release < '5':

# These releases use the old name SunOS

return system, release, version

# Modify release (marketing release = SunOS release - 3)

l = release.split('.')

if l:

try:

major = int(l[0])

except ValueError:

pass

else:

major = major - 3

l[0] = str(major)

release = '.'.join(l)

if release < '6':

system = 'Solaris'

else:

# XXX Whatever the new SunOS marketing name is...

system = 'Solaris'

elif system in ('win32', 'win16'):

# In case one of the other tricks

system = 'Windows'

# bpo-35516: Don't replace Darwin with macOS since input release and

# version arguments can be different than the currently running version.

return system, release, version

### Various internal helpers

def _platform(*args):

""" Helper to format the platform string in a filename

compatible format e.g. "system-version-machine".

"""

# Format the platform string

platform = '-'.join(x.strip() for x in filter(len, args))

# Cleanup some possible filename obstacles...

platform = platform.replace(' ', '_')

platform = platform.replace('/', '-')

platform = platform.replace('\\', '-')

platform = platform.replace(':', '-')

platform = platform.replace(';', '-')

platform = platform.replace('"', '-')

platform = platform.replace('(', '-')

platform = platform.replace(')', '-')

# No need to report 'unknown' information...

platform = platform.replace('unknown', '')

# Fold '--'s and remove trailing '-'

while True:

cleaned = platform.replace('--', '-')

if cleaned == platform:

break

platform = cleaned

while platform[-1] == '-':

platform = platform[:-1]

return platform

def _node(default=''):

""" Helper to determine the node name of this machine.

"""

try:

import socket

except ImportError:

# No sockets...

return default

try:

return socket.gethostname()

except OSError:

# Still not working...

return default

def _follow_symlinks(filepath):

""" In case filepath is a symlink, follow it until a

real file is reached.

"""

filepath = os.path.abspath(filepath)

while os.path.islink(filepath):

filepath = os.path.normpath(

os.path.join(os.path.dirname(filepath), os.readlink(filepath)))

return filepath

def _syscmd_file(target, default=''):

""" Interface to the system's file command.

The function uses the -b option of the file command to have it

omit the filename in its output. Follow the symlinks. It returns

default in case the command should fail.

"""

if sys.platform in ('dos', 'win32', 'win16'):

# XXX Others too ?

return default

try:

import subprocess

except ImportError:

return default

target = _follow_symlinks(target)

# "file" output is locale dependent: force the usage of the C locale

# to get deterministic behavior.

env = dict(os.environ, LC_ALL='C')

try:

# -b: do not prepend filenames to output lines (brief mode)

output = subprocess.check_output(['file', '-b', target],

stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,

env=env)

except (OSError, subprocess.CalledProcessError):

return default

if not output:

return default

# With the C locale, the output should be mostly ASCII-compatible.

# Decode from Latin-1 to prevent Unicode decode error.

return output.decode('latin-1')

### Information about the used architecture

# Default values for architecture; non-empty strings override the

# defaults given as parameters

_default_architecture = {

'win32': ('', 'WindowsPE'),

'win16': ('', 'Windows'),

'dos': ('', 'MSDOS'),

}

def architecture(executable=sys.executable, bits='', linkage=''):

""" Queries the given executable (defaults to the Python interpreter

binary) for various architecture information.

Returns a tuple (bits, linkage) which contains information about

the bit architecture and the linkage format used for the

executable. Both values are returned as strings.

Values that cannot be determined are returned as given by the

parameter presets. If bits is given as '', the sizeof(pointer)

(or sizeof(long) on Python version < 1.5.2) is used as

indicator for the supported pointer size.

The function relies on the system's "file" command to do the

actual work. This is available on most if not all Unix

platforms. On some non-Unix platforms where the "file" command

does not exist and the executable is set to the Python interpreter

binary defaults from _default_architecture are used.

"""

# Use the sizeof(pointer) as default number of bits if nothing

# else is given as default.

if not bits:

import struct

size = struct.calcsize('P')

bits = str(size * 8) + 'bit'

# Get data from the 'file' system command

if executable:

fileout = _syscmd_file(executable, '')

else:

fileout = ''

if not fileout and \

executable == sys.executable:

# "file" command did not return anything; we'll try to provide

# some sensible defaults then...

if sys.platform in _default_architecture:

b, l = _default_architecture[sys.platform]

if b:

bits = b

if l:

linkage = l

return bits, linkage

if 'executable' not in fileout and 'shared object' not in fileout:

# Format not supported

return bits, linkage

# Bits

if '32-bit' in fileout:

bits = '32bit'

elif '64-bit' in fileout:

bits = '64bit'

# Linkage

if 'ELF' in fileout:

linkage = 'ELF'

elif 'PE' in fileout:

# E.g. Windows uses this format

if 'Windows' in fileout:

linkage = 'WindowsPE'

else:

linkage = 'PE'

elif 'COFF' in fileout:

linkage = 'COFF'

elif 'MS-DOS' in fileout:

linkage = 'MSDOS'

else:

# XXX the A.OUT format also falls under this class...

pass

return bits, linkage

def _get_machine_win32():

# Try to use the PROCESSOR_* environment variables

# available on Win XP and later; see

# http://support.microsoft.com/kb/888731 and

# http://www.geocities.com/rick_lively/MANUALS/ENV/MSWIN/PROCESSI.HTM

# WOW64 processes mask the native architecture

return (

os.environ.get('PROCESSOR_ARCHITEW6432', '') or

os.environ.get('PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE', '')

)

class _Processor:

@classmethod

def get(cls):

func = getattr(cls, f'get_{sys.platform}', cls.from_subprocess)

return func() or ''

def get_win32():

return os.environ.get('PROCESSOR_IDENTIFIER', _get_machine_win32())

def get_OpenVMS():

try:

import vms_lib

except ImportError:

pass

else:

csid, cpu_number = vms_lib.getsyi('SYI$_CPU', 0)

return 'Alpha' if cpu_number >= 128 else 'VAX'

def from_subprocess():

"""

Fall back to `uname -p`

"""

try:

import subprocess

except ImportError:

return None

try:

return subprocess.check_output(

['uname', '-p'],

stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,

text=True,

).strip()

except (OSError, subprocess.CalledProcessError):

pass

def _unknown_as_blank(val):

return '' if val == 'unknown' else val

### Portable uname() interface

class uname_result(

collections.namedtuple(

"uname_result_base",

"system node release version machine")

"""

A uname_result that's largely compatible with a

simple namedtuple except that 'processor' is

resolved late and cached to avoid calling "uname"

except when needed.

"""

@functools.cached_property

def processor(self):

return _unknown_as_blank(_Processor.get())

def __iter__(self):

return itertools.chain(

super().__iter__(),

(self.processor,)

)

@classmethod

def _make(cls, iterable):

# override factory to affect length check

num_fields = len(cls._fields)

result = cls.__new__(cls, *iterable)

if len(result) != num_fields + 1:

msg = f'Expected {num_fields} arguments, got {len(result)}'

raise TypeError(msg)

return result

def __getitem__(self, key):

return tuple(self)[key]

def __len__(self):

return len(tuple(iter(self)))

def __reduce__(self):

return uname_result, tuple(self)[:len(self._fields)]

_uname_cache = None

def uname():

""" Fairly portable uname interface. Returns a tuple

of strings (system, node, release, version, machine, processor)

identifying the underlying platform.

Note that unlike the os.uname function this also returns

possible processor information as an additional tuple entry.

Entries which cannot be determined are set to ''.

"""

global _uname_cache

if _uname_cache is not None:

return _uname_cache

# Get some infos from the builtin os.uname API...

try:

system, node, release, version, machine = infos = os.uname()

except AttributeError:

system = sys.platform

node = _node()

release = version = machine = ''

infos = ()

if not any(infos):

# uname is not available

# Try win32_ver() on win32 platforms

if system == 'win32':

release, version, csd, ptype = win32_ver()

machine = machine or _get_machine_win32()

# Try the 'ver' system command available on some

# platforms

if not (release and version):

system, release, version = _syscmd_ver(system)

# Normalize system to what win32_ver() normally returns

# (_syscmd_ver() tends to return the vendor name as well)

if system == 'Microsoft Windows':

system = 'Windows'

elif system == 'Microsoft' and release == 'Windows':

# Under Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008,

# Microsoft changed the output of the ver command. The

# release is no longer printed. This causes the

# system and release to be misidentified.

system = 'Windows'

if '6.0' == version[:3]:

release = 'Vista'

else:

release = ''

# In case we still don't know anything useful, we'll try to

# help ourselves

if system in ('win32', 'win16'):

if not version:

if system == 'win32':

version = '32bit'

else:

version = '16bit'

system = 'Windows'

elif system[:4] == 'java':

release, vendor, vminfo, osinfo = java_ver()

system = 'Java'

version = ', '.join(vminfo)

if not version:

version = vendor

# System specific extensions

if system == 'OpenVMS':

# OpenVMS seems to have release and version mixed up

if not release or release == '0':

release = version

version = ''

# normalize name

if system == 'Microsoft' and release == 'Windows':

system = 'Windows'

release = 'Vista'

vals = system, node, release, version, machine

# Replace 'unknown' values with the more portable ''

_uname_cache = uname_result(*map(_unknown_as_blank, vals))

return _uname_cache

### Direct interfaces to some of the uname() return values

def system():

""" Returns the system/OS name, e.g. 'Linux', 'Windows' or 'Java'.