The modules described in this chapter provide interfaces to operating system features that are available on (almost) all operating systems, such as files and a clock. The interfaces are generally modeled after the Unix or C interfaces, but they are available on most other systems as well. Here's an overview:

.. toctree::

   os.rst
   io.rst
   time.rst
   logging.rst
   logging.config.rst
   logging.handlers.rst
   platform.rst
   errno.rst
   ctypes.rst