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# Python test set -- built-in functions
import ast
import builtins
import collections
import contextlib
import copy
import decimal
import fractions
import gc
import io
import locale
import math
import os
import pickle
import platform
import random
import re
import sys
import traceback
import types
import typing
import unittest
import warnings
import weakref
from contextlib import ExitStack
from functools import partial
from inspect import CO_COROUTINE
from itertools import product
from textwrap import dedent
from types import AsyncGeneratorType, FunctionType, CellType
from operator import neg
from test import support
from test.support import cpython_only, swap_attr
from test.support import async_yield, run_yielding_async_fn
from test.support import warnings_helper
from test.support.import_helper import import_module
from test.support.os_helper import (EnvironmentVarGuard, TESTFN, unlink)
from test.support.script_helper import assert_python_ok
from test.support.testcase import ComplexesAreIdenticalMixin
from test.support.warnings_helper import check_warnings
from test.support import requires_IEEE_754
from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
try:
import pty, signal
except ImportError:
pty = signal = None
# Detect evidence of double-rounding: sum() does not always
# get improved accuracy on machines that suffer from double rounding.
x, y = 1e16, 2.9999 # use temporary values to defeat peephole optimizer
HAVE_DOUBLE_ROUNDING = (x + y == 1e16 + 4)
# used as proof of globals being used
A_GLOBAL_VALUE = 123
A_SENTINEL = sentinel("A_SENTINEL")
class SentinelContainer:
CLASS_SENTINEL = sentinel("SentinelContainer.CLASS_SENTINEL")
class Squares:
def __init__(self, max):
self.max = max
self.sofar = []
def __len__(self): return len(self.sofar)
def __getitem__(self, i):
if not 0 <= i < self.max: raise IndexError
n = len(self.sofar)
while n <= i:
self.sofar.append(n*n)
n += 1
return self.sofar[i]
class StrSquares:
def __init__(self, max):
self.max = max
self.sofar = []
def __len__(self):
return len(self.sofar)
def __getitem__(self, i):
if not 0 <= i < self.max:
raise IndexError
n = len(self.sofar)
while n <= i:
self.sofar.append(str(n*n))
n += 1
return self.sofar[i]
class BitBucket:
def write(self, line):
pass
test_conv_no_sign = [
('0', 0),
('1', 1),
('9', 9),
('10', 10),
('99', 99),
('100', 100),
('314', 314),
(' 314', 314),
('314 ', 314),
(' \t\t 314 \t\t ', 314),
(repr(sys.maxsize), sys.maxsize),
(' 1x', ValueError),
(' 1 ', 1),
(' 1\02 ', ValueError),
('', ValueError),
(' ', ValueError),
(' \t\t ', ValueError),
(str(br'\u0663\u0661\u0664 ','raw-unicode-escape'), 314),
(chr(0x200), ValueError),
]
test_conv_sign = [
('0', 0),
('1', 1),
('9', 9),
('10', 10),
('99', 99),
('100', 100),
('314', 314),
(' 314', ValueError),
('314 ', 314),
(' \t\t 314 \t\t ', ValueError),
(repr(sys.maxsize), sys.maxsize),
(' 1x', ValueError),
(' 1 ', ValueError),
(' 1\02 ', ValueError),
('', ValueError),
(' ', ValueError),
(' \t\t ', ValueError),
(str(br'\u0663\u0661\u0664 ','raw-unicode-escape'), 314),
(chr(0x200), ValueError),
]
class TestFailingBool:
def __bool__(self):
raise RuntimeError
class TestFailingIter:
def __iter__(self):
raise RuntimeError
def filter_char(arg):
return ord(arg) > ord("d")
def map_char(arg):
return chr(ord(arg)+1)
def pack(*args):
return args
class BuiltinTest(ComplexesAreIdenticalMixin, unittest.TestCase):
# Helper to check picklability
def check_iter_pickle(self, it, seq, proto):
itorg = it
d = pickle.dumps(it, proto)
it = pickle.loads(d)
self.assertEqual(type(itorg), type(it))
self.assertEqual(list(it), seq)
#test the iterator after dropping one from it
it = pickle.loads(d)
try:
next(it)
except StopIteration:
return
d = pickle.dumps(it, proto)
it = pickle.loads(d)
self.assertEqual(list(it), seq[1:])
def test_import(self):
__import__('sys')
__import__('time')
__import__('string')
__import__(name='sys')
__import__(name='time', level=0)
self.assertRaises(ModuleNotFoundError, __import__, 'spamspam')
self.assertRaises(TypeError, __import__, 1, 2, 3, 4)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, __import__, '')
self.assertRaises(TypeError, __import__, 'sys', name='sys')
# Relative import outside of a package with no __package__ or __spec__ (bpo-37409).
with self.assertWarns(ImportWarning):
self.assertRaises(ImportError, __import__, '',
{'__package__': None, '__spec__': None, '__name__': '__main__'},
locals={}, fromlist=('foo',), level=1)
# embedded null character
self.assertRaises(ModuleNotFoundError, __import__, 'string\x00')
def test_abs(self):
# int
self.assertEqual(abs(0), 0)
self.assertEqual(abs(1234), 1234)
self.assertEqual(abs(-1234), 1234)
self.assertTrue(abs(-sys.maxsize-1) > 0)
# float
self.assertEqual(abs(0.0), 0.0)
self.assertEqual(abs(3.14), 3.14)
self.assertEqual(abs(-3.14), 3.14)
# str
self.assertRaises(TypeError, abs, 'a')
# bool
self.assertEqual(abs(True), 1)
self.assertEqual(abs(False), 0)
# other
self.assertRaises(TypeError, abs)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, abs, None)
class AbsClass(object):
def __abs__(self):
return -5
self.assertEqual(abs(AbsClass()), -5)
def test_all(self):
self.assertEqual(all([2, 4, 6]), True)
self.assertEqual(all([2, None, 6]), False)
self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, all, [2, TestFailingBool(), 6])
self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, all, TestFailingIter())
self.assertRaises(TypeError, all, 10) # Non-iterable
self.assertRaises(TypeError, all) # No args
self.assertRaises(TypeError, all, [2, 4, 6], []) # Too many args
self.assertEqual(all([]), True) # Empty iterator
self.assertEqual(all([0, TestFailingBool()]), False)# Short-circuit
S = [50, 60]
self.assertEqual(all(x > 42 for x in S), True)
S = [50, 40, 60]
self.assertEqual(all(x > 42 for x in S), False)
S = [50, 40, 60, TestFailingBool()]
self.assertEqual(all(x > 42 for x in S), False)
def test_any(self):
self.assertEqual(any([None, None, None]), False)
self.assertEqual(any([None, 4, None]), True)
self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, any, [None, TestFailingBool(), 6])
self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, any, TestFailingIter())
self.assertRaises(TypeError, any, 10) # Non-iterable
self.assertRaises(TypeError, any) # No args
self.assertRaises(TypeError, any, [2, 4, 6], []) # Too many args
self.assertEqual(any([]), False) # Empty iterator
self.assertEqual(any([1, TestFailingBool()]), True) # Short-circuit
S = [40, 60, 30]
self.assertEqual(any(x > 42 for x in S), True)
S = [40, 60, 30, TestFailingBool()]
self.assertEqual(any(x > 42 for x in S), True)
S = [10, 20, 30]
self.assertEqual(any(x > 42 for x in S), False)
def test_all_any_tuple_list_set_optimization(self):
def f_all():
return all(x-2 for x in [1,2,3])
def f_any():
return any(x-1 for x in [1,2,3])
def f_tuple():
return tuple(2*x for x in [1,2,3])
def f_list():
return list(2*x for x in [1,2,3])
def f_set():
return set(2*x for x in [1,2,3])
funcs = [f_all, f_any, f_tuple, f_list, f_set]
for f in funcs:
# check that generator code object is not duplicated
code_objs = [c for c in f.__code__.co_consts if isinstance(c, type(f.__code__))]
self.assertEqual(len(code_objs), 1)
# check the overriding the builtins works
global all, any, tuple, list, set
saved = all, any, tuple, list, set
try:
all = lambda x : "all"
any = lambda x : "any"
tuple = lambda x : "tuple"
list = lambda x : "list"
set = lambda x : "set"
overridden_outputs = [f() for f in funcs]
finally:
all, any, tuple, list, set = saved
self.assertEqual(overridden_outputs, ['all', 'any', 'tuple', 'list', 'set'])
# Now repeat, overriding the builtins module as well
saved = all, any, tuple, list, set
try:
builtins.all = all = lambda x : "all"
builtins.any = any = lambda x : "any"
builtins.tuple = tuple = lambda x : "tuple"
builtins.list = list = lambda x : "list"
builtins.set = set = lambda x : "set"
overridden_outputs = [f() for f in funcs]
finally:
all, any, tuple, list, set = saved
builtins.all, builtins.any, builtins.tuple, builtins.list, builtins.set = saved
self.assertEqual(overridden_outputs, ['all', 'any', 'tuple', 'list', 'set'])
def test_builtin_call_async_genexpr_no_crash(self):
async def f_all():
return all(await 2 for _ in [])
async def f_any():
return any(await 2 for _ in [])
async def f_tuple():
return tuple(await 2 for _ in [])
async def f_list():
return list(await 2 for _ in [])
async def f_set():
return set(await 2 for _ in [])
for f in (f_all, f_any, f_tuple, f_list, f_set):
with self.subTest(func=f.__name__):
with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
run_yielding_async_fn(f)
def test_ascii(self):
self.assertEqual(ascii(''), '\'\'')
self.assertEqual(ascii(0), '0')
self.assertEqual(ascii(()), '()')
self.assertEqual(ascii([]), '[]')
self.assertEqual(ascii({}), '{}')
a = []
a.append(a)
self.assertEqual(ascii(a), '[[...]]')
a = {}
a[0] = a
self.assertEqual(ascii(a), '{0: {...}}')
# Advanced checks for unicode strings
def _check_uni(s):
self.assertEqual(ascii(s), repr(s))
_check_uni("'")
_check_uni('"')
_check_uni('"\'')
_check_uni('\0')
_check_uni('\r\n\t .')
# Unprintable non-ASCII characters
_check_uni('\x85')
_check_uni('\u1fff')
_check_uni('\U00012fff')
# Lone surrogates
_check_uni('\ud800')
_check_uni('\udfff')
# Issue #9804: surrogates should be joined even for printable
# wide characters (UCS-2 builds).
self.assertEqual(ascii('\U0001d121'), "'\\U0001d121'")
# All together
s = "'\0\"\n\r\t abcd\x85é\U00012fff\uD800\U0001D121xxx."
self.assertEqual(ascii(s),
r"""'\'\x00"\n\r\t abcd\x85\xe9\U00012fff\ud800\U0001d121xxx.'""")
def test_neg(self):
x = -sys.maxsize-1
self.assertTrue(isinstance(x, int))
self.assertEqual(-x, sys.maxsize+1)
def test_callable(self):
self.assertTrue(callable(len))
self.assertFalse(callable("a"))
self.assertTrue(callable(callable))
self.assertTrue(callable(lambda x, y: x + y))
self.assertFalse(callable(__builtins__))
def f(): pass
self.assertTrue(callable(f))
class C1:
def meth(self): pass
self.assertTrue(callable(C1))
c = C1()
self.assertTrue(callable(c.meth))
self.assertFalse(callable(c))
# __call__ is looked up on the class, not the instance
c.__call__ = None
self.assertFalse(callable(c))
c.__call__ = lambda self: 0
self.assertFalse(callable(c))
del c.__call__
self.assertFalse(callable(c))
class C2(object):
def __call__(self): pass
c2 = C2()
self.assertTrue(callable(c2))
c2.__call__ = None
self.assertTrue(callable(c2))
class C3(C2): pass
c3 = C3()
self.assertTrue(callable(c3))
def test_chr(self):
self.assertEqual(chr(0), '\0')
self.assertEqual(chr(32), ' ')
self.assertEqual(chr(65), 'A')
self.assertEqual(chr(97), 'a')
self.assertEqual(chr(0xff), '\xff')
self.assertRaises(TypeError, chr)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, chr, 65.0)
self.assertEqual(chr(0x0000FFFF), "\U0000FFFF")
self.assertEqual(chr(0x00010000), "\U00010000")
self.assertEqual(chr(0x00010001), "\U00010001")
self.assertEqual(chr(0x000FFFFE), "\U000FFFFE")
self.assertEqual(chr(0x000FFFFF), "\U000FFFFF")
self.assertEqual(chr(0x00100000), "\U00100000")
self.assertEqual(chr(0x00100001), "\U00100001")
self.assertEqual(chr(0x0010FFFE), "\U0010FFFE")
self.assertEqual(chr(0x0010FFFF), "\U0010FFFF")
self.assertRaises(ValueError, chr, -1)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, chr, 0x00110000)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, chr, 1<<24)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, chr, 2**32-1)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, chr, -2**32)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, chr, 2**1000)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, chr, -2**1000)
def test_cmp(self):
self.assertNotHasAttr(builtins, "cmp")
def test_compile(self):
compile('print(1)\n', '', 'exec')
bom = b'\xef\xbb\xbf'
compile(bom + b'print(1)\n', '', 'exec')
compile(source='pass', filename='?', mode='exec')
compile(dont_inherit=False, filename='tmp', source='0', mode='eval')
compile('pass', '?', dont_inherit=True, mode='exec')
compile(memoryview(b"text"), "name", "exec")
self.assertRaises(TypeError, compile)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, compile, 'print(42)\n', '<string>', 'badmode')
self.assertRaises(ValueError, compile, 'print(42)\n', '<string>', 'single', 0xff)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, compile, 'pass', '?', 'exec',
mode='eval', source='0', filename='tmp')
compile('print("\xe5")\n', '', 'exec')
self.assertRaises(SyntaxError, compile, chr(0), 'f', 'exec')
self.assertRaises(ValueError, compile, str('a = 1'), 'f', 'bad')
# test the optimize argument
codestr = '''def f():
"""doc"""
debug_enabled = False
if __debug__:
debug_enabled = True
try:
assert False
except AssertionError:
return (True, f.__doc__, debug_enabled, __debug__)
else:
return (False, f.__doc__, debug_enabled, __debug__)
'''
def f(): """doc"""
values = [(-1, __debug__, f.__doc__, __debug__, __debug__),
(0, True, 'doc', True, True),
(1, False, 'doc', False, False),
(2, False, None, False, False)]
for optval, *expected in values:
with self.subTest(optval=optval):
# test both direct compilation and compilation via AST
codeobjs = []
codeobjs.append(compile(codestr, "<test>", "exec", optimize=optval))
tree = ast.parse(codestr, optimize=optval)
codeobjs.append(compile(tree, "<test>", "exec", optimize=optval))
for code in codeobjs:
ns = {}
exec(code, ns)
rv = ns['f']()
self.assertEqual(rv, tuple(expected))
def test_compile_top_level_await_no_coro(self):
"""Make sure top level non-await codes get the correct coroutine flags"""
modes = ('single', 'exec')
code_samples = [
'''def f():pass\n''',
'''[x for x in l]''',
'''{x for x in l}''',
'''(x for x in l)''',
'''{x:x for x in l}''',
]
for mode, code_sample in product(modes, code_samples):
source = dedent(code_sample)
co = compile(source,
'?',
mode,
flags=ast.PyCF_ALLOW_TOP_LEVEL_AWAIT)
self.assertNotEqual(co.co_flags & CO_COROUTINE, CO_COROUTINE,
msg=f"source={source} mode={mode}")
def test_compile_top_level_await(self):
"""Test whether code with top level await can be compiled.
Make sure it compiles only with the PyCF_ALLOW_TOP_LEVEL_AWAIT flag
set, and make sure the generated code object has the CO_COROUTINE flag
set in order to execute it with `await eval(.....)` instead of exec,
or via a FunctionType.
"""
# helper function just to check we can run top=level async-for
async def arange(n):
for i in range(n):
yield i
class Lock:
async def __aenter__(self):
return self
async def __aexit__(self, *exc_info):
pass
async def sleep(delay, result=None):
assert delay == 0
await async_yield(None)
return result
modes = ('single', 'exec')
optimizations = (-1, 0, 1, 2)
code_samples = [
'''a = await sleep(0, result=1)''',
'''async for i in arange(1):
a = 1''',
'''async with Lock() as l:
a = 1''',
'''a = [x async for x in arange(2)][1]''',
'''a = 1 in {x async for x in arange(2)}''',
'''a = {x:1 async for x in arange(1)}[0]''',
'''a = [x async for x in arange(2) async for x in arange(2)][1]''',
'''a = [x async for x in (x async for x in arange(5))][1]''',
'''a, = [1 for x in {x async for x in arange(1)}]''',
'''a = [await sleep(0, x) async for x in arange(2)][1]''',
# gh-121637: Make sure we correctly handle the case where the
# async code is optimized away
'''assert not await sleep(0); a = 1''',
'''assert [x async for x in arange(1)]; a = 1''',
'''assert {x async for x in arange(1)}; a = 1''',
'''assert {x: x async for x in arange(1)}; a = 1''',
'''
if (a := 1) and __debug__:
async with Lock() as l:
pass
''',
'''
if (a := 1) and __debug__:
async for x in arange(2):
pass
''',
]
for mode, code_sample, optimize in product(modes, code_samples, optimizations):
with self.subTest(mode=mode, code_sample=code_sample, optimize=optimize):
source = dedent(code_sample)
with self.assertRaises(
SyntaxError, msg=f"source={source} mode={mode}"):
compile(source, '?', mode, optimize=optimize)
co = compile(source,
'?',
mode,
flags=ast.PyCF_ALLOW_TOP_LEVEL_AWAIT,
optimize=optimize)
self.assertEqual(co.co_flags & CO_COROUTINE, CO_COROUTINE,
msg=f"source={source} mode={mode}")
# test we can create and advance a function type
globals_ = {'Lock': Lock, 'a': 0, 'arange': arange, 'sleep': sleep}
run_yielding_async_fn(FunctionType(co, globals_))
self.assertEqual(globals_['a'], 1)
# test we can await-eval,
globals_ = {'Lock': Lock, 'a': 0, 'arange': arange, 'sleep': sleep}
run_yielding_async_fn(lambda: eval(co, globals_))
self.assertEqual(globals_['a'], 1)
def test_compile_top_level_await_invalid_cases(self):
# helper function just to check we can run top=level async-for
async def arange(n):
for i in range(n):
yield i
class Lock:
async def __aenter__(self):
return self
async def __aexit__(self, *exc_info):
pass
modes = ('single', 'exec')
code_samples = [
'''def f(): await arange(10)\n''',
'''def f(): [x async for x in arange(10)]\n''',
'''def f(): [await x async for x in arange(10)]\n''',
'''def f():
async for i in arange(1):
a = 1
''',
'''def f():
async with Lock() as l:
a = 1
'''
]
for mode, code_sample in product(modes, code_samples):
source = dedent(code_sample)
with self.assertRaises(
SyntaxError, msg=f"source={source} mode={mode}"):
compile(source, '?', mode)
with self.assertRaises(
SyntaxError, msg=f"source={source} mode={mode}"):
co = compile(source,
'?',
mode,
flags=ast.PyCF_ALLOW_TOP_LEVEL_AWAIT)
def test_compile_async_generator(self):
"""
With the PyCF_ALLOW_TOP_LEVEL_AWAIT flag added in 3.8, we want to
make sure AsyncGenerators are still properly not marked with the
CO_COROUTINE flag.
"""
code = dedent("""async def ticker():
for i in range(10):
yield i
await sleep(0)""")
co = compile(code, '?', 'exec', flags=ast.PyCF_ALLOW_TOP_LEVEL_AWAIT)
glob = {}
exec(co, glob)
self.assertEqual(type(glob['ticker']()), AsyncGeneratorType)
def test_compile_ast(self):
args = ("a*__debug__", "f.py", "exec")
raw = compile(*args, flags = ast.PyCF_ONLY_AST).body[0]
opt1 = compile(*args, flags = ast.PyCF_OPTIMIZED_AST).body[0]
opt2 = compile(ast.parse(args[0]), *args[1:], flags = ast.PyCF_OPTIMIZED_AST).body[0]
for tree in (raw, opt1, opt2):
self.assertIsInstance(tree.value, ast.BinOp)
self.assertIsInstance(tree.value.op, ast.Mult)
self.assertIsInstance(tree.value.left, ast.Name)
self.assertEqual(tree.value.left.id, 'a')
raw_right = raw.value.right
self.assertIsInstance(raw_right, ast.Name)
self.assertEqual(raw_right.id, "__debug__")
for opt in [opt1, opt2]:
opt_right = opt.value.right
self.assertIsInstance(opt_right, ast.Constant)
self.assertEqual(opt_right.value, __debug__)
def test_delattr(self):
sys.spam = 1
delattr(sys, 'spam')
self.assertRaises(TypeError, delattr)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, delattr, sys)
msg = r"^attribute name must be string, not 'int'$"
self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, msg, delattr, sys, 1)
def test_dir(self):
# dir(wrong number of arguments)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, dir, 42, 42)
# dir() - local scope
local_var = 1
self.assertIn('local_var', dir())
# dir(module)
self.assertIn('exit', dir(sys))
# dir(module_with_invalid__dict__)
class Foo(types.ModuleType):
__dict__ = 8
f = Foo("foo")
self.assertRaises(TypeError, dir, f)
# dir(type)
self.assertIn("strip", dir(str))
self.assertNotIn("__mro__", dir(str))
# dir(obj)
class Foo(object):
def __init__(self):
self.x = 7
self.y = 8
self.z = 9
f = Foo()
self.assertIn("y", dir(f))
# dir(obj_no__dict__)
class Foo(object):
__slots__ = []
f = Foo()
self.assertIn("__repr__", dir(f))
# dir(obj_no__class__with__dict__)
# (an ugly trick to cause getattr(f, "__class__") to fail)
class Foo(object):
__slots__ = ["__class__", "__dict__"]
def __init__(self):
self.bar = "wow"
f = Foo()
self.assertNotIn("__repr__", dir(f))
self.assertIn("bar", dir(f))
# dir(obj_using __dir__)
class Foo(object):
def __dir__(self):
return ["kan", "ga", "roo"]
f = Foo()
self.assertTrue(dir(f) == ["ga", "kan", "roo"])
# dir(obj__dir__tuple)
class Foo(object):
def __dir__(self):
return ("b", "c", "a")
res = dir(Foo())
self.assertIsInstance(res, list)
self.assertTrue(res == ["a", "b", "c"])
# dir(obj__dir__iterable)
class Foo(object):
def __dir__(self):
return {"b", "c", "a"}
res = dir(Foo())
self.assertIsInstance(res, list)
self.assertEqual(sorted(res), ["a", "b", "c"])
# dir(obj__dir__not_sequence)
class Foo(object):
def __dir__(self):
return 7
f = Foo()
self.assertRaises(TypeError, dir, f)
# dir(traceback)
try:
raise IndexError
except IndexError as e:
self.assertEqual(len(dir(e.__traceback__)), 4)
# test that object has a __dir__()
self.assertEqual(sorted([].__dir__()), dir([]))
def test___ne__(self):
self.assertFalse(None.__ne__(None))
self.assertIs(None.__ne__(0), NotImplemented)
self.assertIs(None.__ne__("abc"), NotImplemented)
def test_divmod(self):
self.assertEqual(divmod(12, 7), (1, 5))
self.assertEqual(divmod(-12, 7), (-2, 2))
self.assertEqual(divmod(12, -7), (-2, -2))
self.assertEqual(divmod(-12, -7), (1, -5))
self.assertEqual(divmod(-sys.maxsize-1, -1), (sys.maxsize+1, 0))
for num, denom, exp_result in [ (3.25, 1.0, (3.0, 0.25)),
(-3.25, 1.0, (-4.0, 0.75)),
(3.25, -1.0, (-4.0, -0.75)),
(-3.25, -1.0, (3.0, -0.25))]:
result = divmod(num, denom)
self.assertAlmostEqual(result[0], exp_result[0])
self.assertAlmostEqual(result[1], exp_result[1])
self.assertRaises(TypeError, divmod)
self.assertRaisesRegex(
ZeroDivisionError,
"division by zero",
divmod, 1, 0,
)
self.assertRaisesRegex(
ZeroDivisionError,
"division by zero",
divmod, 0.0, 0,
)
def test_eval(self):
self.assertEqual(eval('1+1'), 2)
self.assertEqual(eval(' 1+1\n'), 2)
globals = {'a': 1, 'b': 2}
locals = {'b': 200, 'c': 300}
self.assertEqual(eval('a', globals) , 1)
self.assertEqual(eval('a', globals, locals), 1)
self.assertEqual(eval('b', globals, locals), 200)
self.assertEqual(eval('c', globals, locals), 300)
globals = {'a': 1, 'b': 2}
locals = {'b': 200, 'c': 300}
bom = b'\xef\xbb\xbf'
self.assertEqual(eval(bom + b'a', globals, locals), 1)
self.assertEqual(eval('"\xe5"', globals), "\xe5")
self.assertRaises(TypeError, eval)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, eval, ())
self.assertRaises(SyntaxError, eval, bom[:2] + b'a')
class X:
def __getitem__(self, key):
raise ValueError
self.assertRaises(ValueError, eval, "foo", {}, X())
def test_eval_frozendict(self):
ns = frozendict(x=1, data=[], __builtins__=__builtins__)
eval("data.append(x)", ns, ns)
self.assertEqual(ns['data'], [1])
ns = frozendict()
errmsg = "cannot assign __builtins__ to frozendict globals"
with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, errmsg):
eval("", ns, ns)
def test_eval_kwargs(self):
data = {"A_GLOBAL_VALUE": 456}
self.assertEqual(eval("globals()['A_GLOBAL_VALUE']", globals=data), 456)
self.assertEqual(eval("globals()['A_GLOBAL_VALUE']", locals=data), 123)
def test_general_eval(self):
# Tests that general mappings can be used for the locals argument
class M:
"Test mapping interface versus possible calls from eval()."
def __getitem__(self, key):
if key == 'a':
return 12
raise KeyError
def keys(self):
return list('xyz')
m = M()
g = globals()
self.assertEqual(eval('a', g, m), 12)
self.assertRaises(NameError, eval, 'b', g, m)
self.assertEqual(eval('dir()', g, m), list('xyz'))
self.assertEqual(eval('globals()', g, m), g)
self.assertEqual(eval('locals()', g, m), m)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, eval, 'a', m)
class A:
"Non-mapping"
pass
m = A()
self.assertRaises(TypeError, eval, 'a', g, m)
# Verify that dict subclasses work as well
class D(dict):
def __getitem__(self, key):
if key == 'a':
return 12
return dict.__getitem__(self, key)
def keys(self):
return list('xyz')
d = D()
self.assertEqual(eval('a', g, d), 12)
self.assertRaises(NameError, eval, 'b', g, d)
self.assertEqual(eval('dir()', g, d), list('xyz'))
self.assertEqual(eval('globals()', g, d), g)
self.assertEqual(eval('locals()', g, d), d)
# Verify locals stores (used by list comps)
eval('[locals() for i in (2,3)]', g, d)
eval('[locals() for i in (2,3)]', g, collections.UserDict())
class SpreadSheet:
"Sample application showing nested, calculated lookups."
_cells = {}
def __setitem__(self, key, formula):
self._cells[key] = formula
def __getitem__(self, key):
return eval(self._cells[key], globals(), self)
ss = SpreadSheet()
ss['a1'] = '5'
ss['a2'] = 'a1*6'
ss['a3'] = 'a2*7'
self.assertEqual(ss['a3'], 210)
# Verify that dir() catches a non-list returned by eval
# SF bug #1004669
class C:
def __getitem__(self, item):
raise KeyError(item)
def keys(self):
return 1 # used to be 'a' but that's no longer an error
self.assertRaises(TypeError, eval, 'dir()', globals(), C())
def test_exec(self):
g = {}
exec('z = 1', g)
if '__builtins__' in g:
del g['__builtins__']
self.assertEqual(g, {'z': 1})
exec('z = 1+1', g)
if '__builtins__' in g:
del g['__builtins__']
self.assertEqual(g, {'z': 2})
g = {}
l = {}
with check_warnings():
warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", "global statement",
module="<string>")
exec('global a; a = 1; b = 2', g, l)
if '__builtins__' in g:
del g['__builtins__']
if '__builtins__' in l:
del l['__builtins__']
self.assertEqual((g, l), ({'a': 1}, {'b': 2}))
def test_exec_frozendict(self):
ns = frozendict(x=1, data=[], __builtins__=__builtins__)
exec("data.append(x)", ns, ns)
self.assertEqual(ns['data'], [1])
ns = frozendict(__builtins__=__builtins__)
errmsg = "'frozendict' object does not support item assignment"
with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, errmsg):
exec("x = 1", ns, ns)
ns = frozendict()
errmsg = "cannot assign __builtins__ to frozendict globals"
with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, errmsg):
exec("", ns, ns)
def test_exec_kwargs(self):
g = {}
exec('global z\nz = 1', globals=g)
if '__builtins__' in g:
del g['__builtins__']
self.assertEqual(g, {'z': 1})
# if we only set locals, the global assignment will not
# reach this locals dictionary
g = {}
exec('global z\nz = 1', locals=g)
self.assertEqual(g, {})
def test_exec_globals(self):
code = compile("print('Hello World!')", "", "exec")
# no builtin function
self.assertRaisesRegex(NameError, "name 'print' is not defined",
exec, code, {'__builtins__': {}})
# __builtins__ must be a mapping type
self.assertRaises(TypeError,
exec, code, {'__builtins__': 123})
def test_exec_globals_frozen(self):
class frozendict_error(Exception):
pass
class frozendict(dict):
def __setitem__(self, key, value):
raise frozendict_error("frozendict is readonly")
# read-only builtins
if isinstance(__builtins__, types.ModuleType):
frozen_builtins = frozendict(__builtins__.__dict__)
else:
frozen_builtins = frozendict(__builtins__)
code = compile("__builtins__['superglobal']=2; print(superglobal)", "test", "exec")
self.assertRaises(frozendict_error,
exec, code, {'__builtins__': frozen_builtins})
# no __build_class__ function
code = compile("class A: pass", "", "exec")
self.assertRaisesRegex(NameError, "__build_class__ not found",
exec, code, {'__builtins__': {}})
# __build_class__ in a custom __builtins__
exec(code, {'__builtins__': frozen_builtins})
self.assertRaisesRegex(NameError, "__build_class__ not found",
exec, code, {'__builtins__': frozendict()})
# read-only globals
namespace = frozendict({})
code = compile("x=1", "test", "exec")
self.assertRaises(frozendict_error,
exec, code, namespace)
def test_exec_globals_error_on_get(self):
# custom `globals` or `builtins` can raise errors on item access
class setonlyerror(Exception):
pass
class setonlydict(dict):
def __getitem__(self, key):
raise setonlyerror
# globals' `__getitem__` raises
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