@@ -3204,13 +3204,7 @@ def test_getlogin(self):
             user_name = os.getlogin()
         except OSError as exc:
             # See https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/getlogin.3.html#ERRORS.
-            allowed_errors = (
-                # defined by POSIX
-                errno.EMFILE, errno.ENFILE, errno.ENXIO, errno.ERANGE,
-                # defined by Linux/glibc
-                errno.ENOENT, errno.ENOMEM, errno.ENOTTY,
-            )
-            if exc.errno in allowed_errors:
+            if exc.errno in (errno.ENXIO, errno.ENOENT, errno.ENOTTY):
                 self.skipTest(str(exc))
             else:
                 raise
 
@@ -4722,6 +4722,34 @@ class D(Generic[T]): pass
         with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
             D[()]
 
+    def test_generic_init_subclass_not_called_error(self):
+        notes = ["Note: this exception may have been caused by "
+                 r"'GenericTests.test_generic_init_subclass_not_called_error.<locals>.Base.__init_subclass__' "
+                 "(or the '__init_subclass__' method on a superclass) not calling 'super().__init_subclass__()'"]
+
+        class Base:
+            def __init_subclass__(cls) -> None:
+                # Oops, I forgot super().__init_subclass__()!
+                pass
+
+        with self.subTest():
+            class Sub(Base, Generic[T]):
+                pass
+
+            with self.assertRaises(AttributeError) as cm:
+                Sub[int]
+
+            self.assertEqual(cm.exception.__notes__, notes)
+
+        with self.subTest():
+            class Sub[U](Base):
+                pass
+
+            with self.assertRaises(AttributeError) as cm:
+                Sub[int]
+
+            self.assertEqual(cm.exception.__notes__, notes)
+
     def test_generic_subclass_checks(self):
         for typ in [list[int], List[int],
                     tuple[int, str], Tuple[int, str],
 
@@ -1158,14 +1158,26 @@ def _generic_class_getitem(cls, args):
                 f"Parameters to {cls.__name__}[...] must all be unique")
     else:
         # Subscripting a regular Generic subclass.
-        for param in cls.__parameters__:
+        try:
+            parameters = cls.__parameters__
+        except AttributeError as e:
+            init_subclass = getattr(cls, '__init_subclass__', None)
+            if init_subclass not in {None, Generic.__init_subclass__}:
+                e.add_note(
+                    f"Note: this exception may have been caused by "
+                    f"{init_subclass.__qualname__!r} (or the "
+                    f"'__init_subclass__' method on a superclass) not "
+                    f"calling 'super().__init_subclass__()'"
+                )
+            raise
+        for param in parameters:
             prepare = getattr(param, '__typing_prepare_subst__', None)
             if prepare is not None:
                 args = prepare(cls, args)
         _check_generic_specialization(cls, args)
 
         new_args = []
-        for param, new_arg in zip(cls.__parameters__, args):
+        for param, new_arg in zip(parameters, args):
             if isinstance(param, TypeVarTuple):
                 new_args.extend(new_arg)
             else:
 
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Add suggestion to error message for :class:`typing.Generic` subclasses when
+``cls.__parameters__`` is missing due to a parent class failing to call
+:meth:`super().__init_subclass__() <object.__init_subclass__>` in its ``__init_subclass__``.
Original file line number	Diff line number	Diff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
	1	+ Add suggestion to error message for :class:`typing.Generic` subclasses when
	2	+ ``cls.__parameters__`` is missing due to a parent class failing to call
	3	+ :meth:`super().__init_subclass__() <object.__init_subclass__>` in its ``__init_subclass__``.