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#
SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
#
Copyright (C) 2001 Python Software Foundation
#
This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.
#
FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
#
#,
fuzzy
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"
Project-Id-Version
:
Python 3.15\n
"
"
Report-Msgid-Bugs-To
:
\n
"
"
POT-Creation-Date
:
2026-08-22 12:07+0200\n
"
"
PO-Revision-Date
:
2025-09-16 00:00+0000\n
"
"
Language-Team
:
German (https://app.transifex.com/python-doc/teams/5390/de/)\n
"
"
Language
:
de\n
"
"
MIME-Version
:
1.0\n
"
"
Content-Type
:
text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n
"
"
Content-Transfer-Encoding
:
8bit\n
"
"
Plural-Forms
:
nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n
"
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:5
msgid
"Python support for free threading"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:7
msgid
""
"Starting with the 3.13 release, CPython has support for a build of Python "
"called :term:`free threading` where the :term:`global interpreter lock` "
"(GIL) is disabled. Free-threaded execution allows for full utilization of "
"the available processing power by running threads in parallel on available "
"CPU cores. While not all software will benefit from this automatically, "
"programs designed with threading in mind will run faster on multi-core "
"hardware."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:14
msgid
""
"Some third-party packages, in particular ones with an :term:`extension "
"module`, may not be ready for use in a free-threaded build, and will re-"
"enable the :term:`GIL`."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:18
msgid
""
"This document describes the implications of free threading for Python code. "
"See :ref:`freethreading-extensions-howto` for information on how to write C "
"extensions that support the free-threaded build."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:24
msgid
""
":pep:`703` – Making the Global Interpreter Lock Optional in CPython for an "
"overall description of free-threaded Python."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:29
msgid
"Installation"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:31
msgid
""
"Starting with Python 3.13, the official macOS and Windows installers "
"optionally support installing free-threaded Python binaries. The installers "
"are available at https://www.python.org/downloads/."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:35
msgid
""
"For information on other platforms, see the `Installing a Free-Threaded "
"Python <https://py-free-threading.github.io/installing-cpython/>`_, a "
"community-maintained installation guide for installing free-threaded Python."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:39
msgid
""
"When building CPython from source, the :option:`--disable-gil` configure "
"option should be used to build a free-threaded Python interpreter."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:44
msgid
"Identifying free-threaded Python"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:46
msgid
""
"To check if the current interpreter supports free-threading, :option:`python "
"-VV <-V>` and :data:`sys.version` contain
\"
free-threading build
\"
. The new :"
"func:`sys._is_gil_enabled` function can be used to check whether the GIL is "
"actually disabled in the running process."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:51
msgid
""
"The ``sysconfig.get_config_var(
\"
Py_GIL_DISABLED
\"
)`` configuration variable "
"can be used to determine whether the build supports free threading. If the "
"variable is set to ``1``, then the build supports free threading. This is "
"the recommended mechanism for decisions related to the build configuration."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:58
msgid
"The global interpreter lock in free-threaded Python"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:60
msgid
""
"Free-threaded builds of CPython support optionally running with the GIL "
"enabled at runtime using the environment variable :envvar:`PYTHON_GIL` or "
"the command-line option :option:`-X gil`."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:64
msgid
""
"The GIL may also automatically be enabled when importing a C-API extension "
"module that is not explicitly marked as supporting free threading. A "
"warning will be printed in this case."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:68
msgid
""
"In addition to individual package documentation, the following websites "
"track the status of popular packages support for free threading:"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:71
msgid
"https://py-free-threading.github.io/tracking/"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:72
msgid
"https://hugovk.github.io/free-threaded-wheels/"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:76
msgid
"Thread safety"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:78
msgid
""
"The free-threaded build of CPython aims to provide similar thread-safety "
"behavior at the Python level to the default GIL-enabled build. Built-in "
"types like :class:`dict`, :class:`list`, and :class:`set` use internal locks "
"to protect against concurrent modifications in ways that behave similarly to "
"the GIL. However, Python has not historically guaranteed specific behavior "
"for concurrent modifications to these built-in types, so this should be "
"treated as a description of the current implementation, not a guarantee of "
"current or future behavior."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:89
msgid
""
"It's recommended to use the :class:`threading.Lock` or other synchronization "
"primitives instead of relying on the internal locks of built-in types, when "
"possible."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:95
msgid
"Known limitations"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:97
msgid
""
"This section describes known limitations of the free-threaded CPython build."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:100
msgid
"Immortalization"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:102
msgid
""
"In the free-threaded build, some objects are :term:`immortal`. Immortal "
"objects are not deallocated and have reference counts that are never "
"modified. This is done to avoid reference count contention that would "
"prevent efficient multi-threaded scaling."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:107
msgid
"As of the 3.14 release, immortalization is limited to:"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:109
msgid
""
"Code constants: numeric literals, string literals, and tuple literals "
"composed of other constants."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:111
msgid
"Strings interned by :func:`sys.intern`."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:115
msgid
"Frame objects"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:117
msgid
""
"It is not safe to access :attr:`frame.f_locals` from a :ref:`frame <frame-"
"objects>` object if that frame is currently executing in another thread, and "
"doing so may crash the interpreter."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:123
msgid
"Iterators"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:125
msgid
""
"It is generally not thread-safe to access the same iterator object from "
"multiple threads concurrently, and threads may see duplicate or missing "
"elements."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:131
msgid
"Single-threaded performance"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:133
msgid
""
"The free-threaded build has additional overhead when executing Python code "
"compared to the default GIL-enabled build. The amount of overhead depends "
"on the workload and hardware. On the pyperformance benchmark suite, the "
"average overhead ranges from about 1% on macOS aarch64 to 8% on x86-64 Linux "
"systems."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:141
msgid
"Behavioral changes"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:143
msgid
""
"This section describes CPython behavioural changes with the free-threaded "
"build."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:148
msgid
"Context variables"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:150
msgid
""
"In the free-threaded build, the flag :data:`~sys.flags."
"thread_inherit_context` is set to true by default which causes threads "
"created with :class:`threading.Thread` to start with a copy of the :class:"
"`~contextvars.Context()` of the caller of :meth:`~threading.Thread.start`. "
"In the default GIL-enabled build, the flag defaults to false so threads "
"start with an empty :class:`~contextvars.Context()`."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:160
msgid
"Warning filters"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:162
msgid
""
"In the free-threaded build, the flag :data:`~sys.flags."
"context_aware_warnings` is set to true by default. In the default GIL-"
"enabled build, the flag defaults to false. If the flag is true then the :"
"class:`warnings.catch_warnings` context manager uses a context variable for "
"warning filters. If the flag is false then :class:`~warnings."
"catch_warnings` modifies the global filters list, which is not thread-safe. "
"See the :mod:`warnings` module for more details."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:171
msgid
"Increased memory usage"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:173
msgid
""
"The free-threaded build will typically use more memory compared to the "
"default build. There are multiple reasons for this, mostly due to design "
"decisions."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:178
msgid
"All interned strings are immortal"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:180
msgid
""
"For modern Python versions (since version 2.3), interning a string (e.g. "
"with :func:`sys.intern`) does not cause it to become immortal. Instead, if "
"the last reference to that string disappears, it will be removed from the "
"interned string table. This is not the case for the free-threaded build and "
"any interned string will become immortal, surviving until interpreter "
"shutdown."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:188
msgid
"Non-GC objects have a larger object header"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:190
msgid
""
"The free-threaded build uses a different :c:type:`PyObject` structure. "
"Instead of having the GC related information allocated before the :c:type:"
"`PyObject` structure, like in the default build, the GC related info is part "
"of the normal object header. For example, on the AMD64 platform, ``None`` "
"uses 32 bytes on the free-threaded build vs 16 bytes for the default build. "
"GC objects (such as dicts and lists) are the same size for both builds since "
"the free-threaded build does not use additional space for the GC info."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:200
msgid
"QSBR can delay freeing of memory"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:202
msgid
""
"In order to safely implement lock-free data structures, a safe memory "
"reclamation (SMR) scheme is used, known as quiescent state-based reclamation "
"(QSBR). This means that the memory backing data structures allowing lock-"
"free access will use QSBR, which defers the free operation, rather than "
"immediately freeing the memory. Two examples of these data structures are "
"the list object and the dictionary keys object. See ``InternalDocs/qsbr."
"md`` in the CPython source tree for more details on how QSBR is "
"implemented. Running :func:`gc.collect` should cause all memory being held "
"by QSBR to be actually freed. Note that even when QSBR frees the memory, "
"the underlying memory allocator may not immediately return that memory to "
"the OS and so the resident set size (RSS) of the process might not decrease."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:216
msgid
"mimalloc allocator vs pymalloc"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:218
msgid
""
"The default build will normally use the
\"
pymalloc
\"
memory allocator for "
"small allocations (512 bytes or smaller). The free-threaded build does not "
"use pymalloc and allocates all Python objects using the
\"
mimalloc
\"
"
"allocator. The pymalloc allocator has the following properties that help "
"keep memory usage low: small per-allocated-block overhead, effective memory "
"fragmentation prevention, and quick return of free memory to the operating "
"system. The mimalloc allocator does quite well in these respects as well "
"but can have some more overhead."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:227
msgid
""
"In the free-threaded build, mimalloc manages memory in a number of separate "
"heaps (currently four). For example, all GC supporting objects are "
"allocated from their own heap. Using separate heaps means that free memory "
"in one heap cannot be used for an allocation that uses another heap. Also, "
"some heaps are configured to use QSBR (quiescent-state based reclamation) "
"when freeing the memory that backs up the heap (known as
\"
pages
\"
in "
"mimalloc terminology). The use of QSBR creates a delay between all memory "
"blocks for a page being freed and the memory page being released, either for "
"new allocations or back to the OS."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:237
msgid
""
"The mimalloc allocator also defers returning freed memory back to the OS. "
"You can reduce that delay by setting the environment variable :envvar:`!"
"MIMALLOC_PURGE_DELAY` to ``0``. Note that this will likely reduce the "
"performance of the allocator."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:244
msgid
"Free-threaded reference counting can cause objects to live longer"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:246
msgid
""
"In the default build, when an object's reference count reaches zero, it is "
"normally deallocated. The free-threaded build uses
\"
biased reference "
"counting
\"
, with a fast-path for objects
\"
owned
\"
by the current thread and "
"a slow path for other objects. See :pep:`703` for additional details. Any "
"time an object's reference count ends up in a
\"
queued
\"
state, deallocation "
"can be deferred. The queued state is cleared from the
\"
eval breaker
\"
"
"section of the bytecode evaluator."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:254
msgid
""
"The free-threaded build also allows a different mode of reference counting, "
"known as
\"
deferred reference counting
\"
. This mode is enabled by setting a "
"flag on a per-object basis. Deferred reference counting is enabled for the "
"following types:"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:259
msgid
"module objects"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:260
msgid
"module top-level functions"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:261
msgid
"class methods defined in the class scope"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:262
msgid
"descriptor objects"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:263
msgid
"thread-local objects, created by :class:`threading.local`"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:265
msgid
""
"When deferred reference counting is enabled, references from Python function "
"stacks are not added to the reference count. This scheme reduces the "
"overhead of reference counting, especially for objects used from multiple "
"threads. Because the stack references are not counted, objects with deferred "
"reference counting are not immediately freed when their internal reference "
"count goes to zero. Instead, they are examined by the next GC run and, if "
"no stack references to them are found, they are freed. This means these "
"objects are freed by the GC and not when their reference count goes to zero, "
"as is typical."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:276
msgid
"Per-thread reference counting can delay freeing objects"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:278
msgid
""
"To avoid contention on the reference count fields of frequently shared "
"objects, the free-threaded build also uses
\"
per-thread reference counting
\"
"
"for a few selected object types. Rather than updating a single shared "
"reference count, each thread maintains its own local reference count array, "
"indexed by a unique id assigned to the object. The true reference count is "
"only computed by summing the per-thread counts when the object's local count "
"drops to zero. Per-thread reference counting is currently used for:"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:286
msgid
"heap type objects (classes created in Python)"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:287
msgid
"code objects"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:288
msgid
"the ``__dict__`` of module objects"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/free-threading-python.rst:290
msgid
""
"Because the per-thread counts must be merged back to the object before it "
"can be deallocated, objects using per-thread reference counting are "
"typically freed later than they would be in the default build. In "
"particular, such an object is usually not freed until the thread that "
"referenced it reaches a safe point (for example, in the
\"
eval breaker
\"
"
"section of the bytecode evaluator) or exits. Running :func:`gc.collect` "
"will merge the per-thread counts and allow these objects to be freed."
msgstr
""
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