FazBrowse GitHub Viewer
|
Trending
|
URL:
|
Home
Tools:
[Download Repo ZIP]
[View Raw Code]
[Original HTTPS Page]
python-docs-tr/reference/import.po at 3.12 · python/python-docs-tr · GitHub
Uh oh!
There was an error while loading.
Please reload this page
.
python
/
python-docs-tr
Public
Uh oh!
There was an error while loading.
Please reload this page
.
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings
Fork
46
Star
129
Code
Issues
22
Pull requests
11
Discussions
Actions
Security and quality
0
Insights
Additional navigation options
Code
Issues
Pull requests
Discussions
Actions
Security and quality
Insights
Expand file tree
Breadcrumbs
python-docs-tr
/
reference
/
import.po
Copy path
More file actions
More file actions
Latest commit
History
History
History
1451 lines (1251 loc) · 51.5 KB
Breadcrumbs
python-docs-tr
/
reference
/
import.po
Copy path
File metadata and controls
1451 lines (1251 loc) · 51.5 KB
Raw
Copy raw file
Download raw file
Open symbols panel
Edit and raw actions
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
#
Python Documentation Turkish Translation
#
Copyright (C) 2001-2024, Python Software Foundation
#
This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.
#
#,
fuzzy
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"
Project-Id-Version
:
Python 3.12\n
"
"
Report-Msgid-Bugs-To
:
\n
"
"
POT-Creation-Date
:
2024-11-01 00:21+0000\n
"
"
PO-Revision-Date
:
YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n
"
"
Last-Translator
:
\n
"
"
Language-Team
:
TURKISH <python.docs.tr@gmail.com>\n
"
"
Language
:
tr\n
"
"
MIME-Version
:
1.0\n
"
"
Content-Type
:
text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n
"
"
Content-Transfer-Encoding
:
8bit\n
"
#:
reference/import.rst:6
msgid
"The import system"
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:10
msgid
""
"Python code in one :term:`module` gains access to the code in another module "
"by the process of :term:`importing` it. The :keyword:`import` statement is "
"the most common way of invoking the import machinery, but it is not the only "
"way. Functions such as :func:`importlib.import_module` and built-in :func:"
"`__import__` can also be used to invoke the import machinery."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:16
msgid
""
"The :keyword:`import` statement combines two operations; it searches for the "
"named module, then it binds the results of that search to a name in the "
"local scope. The search operation of the :keyword:`!import` statement is "
"defined as a call to the :func:`__import__` function, with the appropriate "
"arguments. The return value of :func:`__import__` is used to perform the "
"name binding operation of the :keyword:`!import` statement. See the :"
"keyword:`!import` statement for the exact details of that name binding "
"operation."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:25
msgid
""
"A direct call to :func:`__import__` performs only the module search and, if "
"found, the module creation operation. While certain side-effects may occur, "
"such as the importing of parent packages, and the updating of various caches "
"(including :data:`sys.modules`), only the :keyword:`import` statement "
"performs a name binding operation."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:31
msgid
""
"When an :keyword:`import` statement is executed, the standard builtin :func:"
"`__import__` function is called. Other mechanisms for invoking the import "
"system (such as :func:`importlib.import_module`) may choose to bypass :func:"
"`__import__` and use their own solutions to implement import semantics."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:36
msgid
""
"When a module is first imported, Python searches for the module and if "
"found, it creates a module object [#fnmo]_, initializing it. If the named "
"module cannot be found, a :exc:`ModuleNotFoundError` is raised. Python "
"implements various strategies to search for the named module when the import "
"machinery is invoked. These strategies can be modified and extended by "
"using various hooks described in the sections below."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:43
msgid
""
"The import system has been updated to fully implement the second phase of :"
"pep:`302`. There is no longer any implicit import machinery - the full "
"import system is exposed through :data:`sys.meta_path`. In addition, native "
"namespace package support has been implemented (see :pep:`420`)."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:51
msgid
":mod:`importlib`"
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:53
msgid
""
"The :mod:`importlib` module provides a rich API for interacting with the "
"import system. For example :func:`importlib.import_module` provides a "
"recommended, simpler API than built-in :func:`__import__` for invoking the "
"import machinery. Refer to the :mod:`importlib` library documentation for "
"additional detail."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:62
msgid
"Packages"
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:67
msgid
""
"Python has only one type of module object, and all modules are of this type, "
"regardless of whether the module is implemented in Python, C, or something "
"else. To help organize modules and provide a naming hierarchy, Python has a "
"concept of :term:`packages <package>`."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:72
msgid
""
"You can think of packages as the directories on a file system and modules as "
"files within directories, but don't take this analogy too literally since "
"packages and modules need not originate from the file system. For the "
"purposes of this documentation, we'll use this convenient analogy of "
"directories and files. Like file system directories, packages are organized "
"hierarchically, and packages may themselves contain subpackages, as well as "
"regular modules."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:80
msgid
""
"It's important to keep in mind that all packages are modules, but not all "
"modules are packages. Or put another way, packages are just a special kind "
"of module. Specifically, any module that contains a ``__path__`` attribute "
"is considered a package."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:85
msgid
""
"All modules have a name. Subpackage names are separated from their parent "
"package name by a dot, akin to Python's standard attribute access syntax. "
"Thus you might have a package called :mod:`email`, which in turn has a "
"subpackage called :mod:`email.mime` and a module within that subpackage "
"called :mod:`email.mime.text`."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:93
msgid
"Regular packages"
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:98
msgid
""
"Python defines two types of packages, :term:`regular packages <regular "
"package>` and :term:`namespace packages <namespace package>`. Regular "
"packages are traditional packages as they existed in Python 3.2 and earlier. "
"A regular package is typically implemented as a directory containing an "
"``__init__.py`` file. When a regular package is imported, this ``__init__."
"py`` file is implicitly executed, and the objects it defines are bound to "
"names in the package's namespace. The ``__init__.py`` file can contain the "
"same Python code that any other module can contain, and Python will add some "
"additional attributes to the module when it is imported."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:108
msgid
""
"For example, the following file system layout defines a top level ``parent`` "
"package with three subpackages::"
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:111
msgid
""
"parent/\n"
" __init__.py\n"
" one/\n"
" __init__.py\n"
" two/\n"
" __init__.py\n"
" three/\n"
" __init__.py"
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:120
msgid
""
"Importing ``parent.one`` will implicitly execute ``parent/__init__.py`` and "
"``parent/one/__init__.py``. Subsequent imports of ``parent.two`` or "
"``parent.three`` will execute ``parent/two/__init__.py`` and ``parent/three/"
"__init__.py`` respectively."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:127
msgid
"Namespace packages"
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:133
msgid
""
"A namespace package is a composite of various :term:`portions <portion>`, "
"where each portion contributes a subpackage to the parent package. Portions "
"may reside in different locations on the file system. Portions may also be "
"found in zip files, on the network, or anywhere else that Python searches "
"during import. Namespace packages may or may not correspond directly to "
"objects on the file system; they may be virtual modules that have no "
"concrete representation."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:141
msgid
""
"Namespace packages do not use an ordinary list for their ``__path__`` "
"attribute. They instead use a custom iterable type which will automatically "
"perform a new search for package portions on the next import attempt within "
"that package if the path of their parent package (or :data:`sys.path` for a "
"top level package) changes."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:147
msgid
""
"With namespace packages, there is no ``parent/__init__.py`` file. In fact, "
"there may be multiple ``parent`` directories found during import search, "
"where each one is provided by a different portion. Thus ``parent/one`` may "
"not be physically located next to ``parent/two``. In this case, Python will "
"create a namespace package for the top-level ``parent`` package whenever it "
"or one of its subpackages is imported."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:154
msgid
"See also :pep:`420` for the namespace package specification."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:158
msgid
"Searching"
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:160
msgid
""
"To begin the search, Python needs the :term:`fully qualified <qualified "
"name>` name of the module (or package, but for the purposes of this "
"discussion, the difference is immaterial) being imported. This name may "
"come from various arguments to the :keyword:`import` statement, or from the "
"parameters to the :func:`importlib.import_module` or :func:`__import__` "
"functions."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:166
msgid
""
"This name will be used in various phases of the import search, and it may be "
"the dotted path to a submodule, e.g. ``foo.bar.baz``. In this case, Python "
"first tries to import ``foo``, then ``foo.bar``, and finally ``foo.bar."
"baz``. If any of the intermediate imports fail, a :exc:`ModuleNotFoundError` "
"is raised."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:173
msgid
"The module cache"
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:178
msgid
""
"The first place checked during import search is :data:`sys.modules`. This "
"mapping serves as a cache of all modules that have been previously imported, "
"including the intermediate paths. So if ``foo.bar.baz`` was previously "
"imported, :data:`sys.modules` will contain entries for ``foo``, ``foo.bar``, "
"and ``foo.bar.baz``. Each key will have as its value the corresponding "
"module object."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:185
msgid
""
"During import, the module name is looked up in :data:`sys.modules` and if "
"present, the associated value is the module satisfying the import, and the "
"process completes. However, if the value is ``None``, then a :exc:"
"`ModuleNotFoundError` is raised. If the module name is missing, Python will "
"continue searching for the module."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:191
msgid
""
":data:`sys.modules` is writable. Deleting a key may not destroy the "
"associated module (as other modules may hold references to it), but it will "
"invalidate the cache entry for the named module, causing Python to search "
"anew for the named module upon its next import. The key can also be assigned "
"to ``None``, forcing the next import of the module to result in a :exc:"
"`ModuleNotFoundError`."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:198
msgid
""
"Beware though, as if you keep a reference to the module object, invalidate "
"its cache entry in :data:`sys.modules`, and then re-import the named module, "
"the two module objects will *not* be the same. By contrast, :func:`importlib."
"reload` will reuse the *same* module object, and simply reinitialise the "
"module contents by rerunning the module's code."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:208
msgid
"Finders and loaders"
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:215
msgid
""
"If the named module is not found in :data:`sys.modules`, then Python's "
"import protocol is invoked to find and load the module. This protocol "
"consists of two conceptual objects, :term:`finders <finder>` and :term:"
"`loaders <loader>`. A finder's job is to determine whether it can find the "
"named module using whatever strategy it knows about. Objects that implement "
"both of these interfaces are referred to as :term:`importers <importer>` - "
"they return themselves when they find that they can load the requested "
"module."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:223
msgid
""
"Python includes a number of default finders and importers. The first one "
"knows how to locate built-in modules, and the second knows how to locate "
"frozen modules. A third default finder searches an :term:`import path` for "
"modules. The :term:`import path` is a list of locations that may name file "
"system paths or zip files. It can also be extended to search for any "
"locatable resource, such as those identified by URLs."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:230
msgid
""
"The import machinery is extensible, so new finders can be added to extend "
"the range and scope of module searching."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:233
msgid
""
"Finders do not actually load modules. If they can find the named module, "
"they return a :dfn:`module spec`, an encapsulation of the module's import-"
"related information, which the import machinery then uses when loading the "
"module."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:237
msgid
""
"The following sections describe the protocol for finders and loaders in more "
"detail, including how you can create and register new ones to extend the "
"import machinery."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:241
msgid
""
"In previous versions of Python, finders returned :term:`loaders <loader>` "
"directly, whereas now they return module specs which *contain* loaders. "
"Loaders are still used during import but have fewer responsibilities."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:247
msgid
"Import hooks"
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:257
msgid
""
"The import machinery is designed to be extensible; the primary mechanism for "
"this are the *import hooks*. There are two types of import hooks: *meta "
"hooks* and *import path hooks*."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:261
msgid
""
"Meta hooks are called at the start of import processing, before any other "
"import processing has occurred, other than :data:`sys.modules` cache look "
"up. This allows meta hooks to override :data:`sys.path` processing, frozen "
"modules, or even built-in modules. Meta hooks are registered by adding new "
"finder objects to :data:`sys.meta_path`, as described below."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:267
msgid
""
"Import path hooks are called as part of :data:`sys.path` (or ``package."
"__path__``) processing, at the point where their associated path item is "
"encountered. Import path hooks are registered by adding new callables to :"
"data:`sys.path_hooks` as described below."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:274
msgid
"The meta path"
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:280
msgid
""
"When the named module is not found in :data:`sys.modules`, Python next "
"searches :data:`sys.meta_path`, which contains a list of meta path finder "
"objects. These finders are queried in order to see if they know how to "
"handle the named module. Meta path finders must implement a method called :"
"meth:`~importlib.abc.MetaPathFinder.find_spec` which takes three arguments: "
"a name, an import path, and (optionally) a target module. The meta path "
"finder can use any strategy it wants to determine whether it can handle the "
"named module or not."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:289
msgid
""
"If the meta path finder knows how to handle the named module, it returns a "
"spec object. If it cannot handle the named module, it returns ``None``. "
"If :data:`sys.meta_path` processing reaches the end of its list without "
"returning a spec, then a :exc:`ModuleNotFoundError` is raised. Any other "
"exceptions raised are simply propagated up, aborting the import process."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:295
msgid
""
"The :meth:`~importlib.abc.MetaPathFinder.find_spec` method of meta path "
"finders is called with two or three arguments. The first is the fully "
"qualified name of the module being imported, for example ``foo.bar.baz``. "
"The second argument is the path entries to use for the module search. For "
"top-level modules, the second argument is ``None``, but for submodules or "
"subpackages, the second argument is the value of the parent package's "
"``__path__`` attribute. If the appropriate ``__path__`` attribute cannot be "
"accessed, a :exc:`ModuleNotFoundError` is raised. The third argument is an "
"existing module object that will be the target of loading later. The import "
"system passes in a target module only during reload."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:306
msgid
""
"The meta path may be traversed multiple times for a single import request. "
"For example, assuming none of the modules involved has already been cached, "
"importing ``foo.bar.baz`` will first perform a top level import, calling "
"``mpf.find_spec(
\"
foo
\"
, None, None)`` on each meta path finder (``mpf``). "
"After ``foo`` has been imported, ``foo.bar`` will be imported by traversing "
"the meta path a second time, calling ``mpf.find_spec(
\"
foo.bar
\"
, foo."
"__path__, None)``. Once ``foo.bar`` has been imported, the final traversal "
"will call ``mpf.find_spec(
\"
foo.bar.baz
\"
, foo.bar.__path__, None)``."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:316
msgid
""
"Some meta path finders only support top level imports. These importers will "
"always return ``None`` when anything other than ``None`` is passed as the "
"second argument."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:320
msgid
""
"Python's default :data:`sys.meta_path` has three meta path finders, one that "
"knows how to import built-in modules, one that knows how to import frozen "
"modules, and one that knows how to import modules from an :term:`import "
"path` (i.e. the :term:`path based finder`)."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:325
msgid
""
"The :meth:`~importlib.abc.MetaPathFinder.find_spec` method of meta path "
"finders replaced :meth:`!find_module`, which is now deprecated. While it "
"will continue to work without change, the import machinery will try it only "
"if the finder does not implement :meth:`~importlib.abc.MetaPathFinder."
"find_spec`."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:332
msgid
""
"Use of :meth:`!find_module` by the import system now raises :exc:"
"`ImportWarning`."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:336
msgid
""
":meth:`!find_module` has been removed. Use :meth:`~importlib.abc."
"MetaPathFinder.find_spec` instead."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:342
msgid
"Loading"
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:344
msgid
""
"If and when a module spec is found, the import machinery will use it (and "
"the loader it contains) when loading the module. Here is an approximation "
"of what happens during the loading portion of import::"
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:348
msgid
""
"module = None\n"
"if spec.loader is not None and hasattr(spec.loader, 'create_module'):\n"
" # It is assumed 'exec_module' will also be defined on the loader.\n"
" module = spec.loader.create_module(spec)\n"
"if module is None:\n"
" module = ModuleType(spec.name)\n"
"# The import-related module attributes get set here:\n"
"_init_module_attrs(spec, module)\n"
"\n"
"if spec.loader is None:\n"
" # unsupported\n"
" raise ImportError\n"
"if spec.origin is None and spec.submodule_search_locations is not None:\n"
" # namespace package\n"
" sys.modules[spec.name] = module\n"
"elif not hasattr(spec.loader, 'exec_module'):\n"
" module = spec.loader.load_module(spec.name)\n"
"else:\n"
" sys.modules[spec.name] = module\n"
" try:\n"
" spec.loader.exec_module(module)\n"
" except BaseException:\n"
" try:\n"
" del sys.modules[spec.name]\n"
" except KeyError:\n"
" pass\n"
" raise\n"
"return sys.modules[spec.name]"
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:377
msgid
"Note the following details:"
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:379
msgid
""
"If there is an existing module object with the given name in :data:`sys."
"modules`, import will have already returned it."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:382
msgid
""
"The module will exist in :data:`sys.modules` before the loader executes the "
"module code. This is crucial because the module code may (directly or "
"indirectly) import itself; adding it to :data:`sys.modules` beforehand "
"prevents unbounded recursion in the worst case and multiple loading in the "
"best."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:388
msgid
""
"If loading fails, the failing module -- and only the failing module -- gets "
"removed from :data:`sys.modules`. Any module already in the :data:`sys."
"modules` cache, and any module that was successfully loaded as a side-"
"effect, must remain in the cache. This contrasts with reloading where even "
"the failing module is left in :data:`sys.modules`."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:394
msgid
""
"After the module is created but before execution, the import machinery sets "
"the import-related module attributes (
\"
_init_module_attrs
\"
in the pseudo-"
"code example above), as summarized in a :ref:`later section <import-mod-"
"attrs>`."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:399
msgid
""
"Module execution is the key moment of loading in which the module's "
"namespace gets populated. Execution is entirely delegated to the loader, "
"which gets to decide what gets populated and how."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:403
msgid
""
"The module created during loading and passed to exec_module() may not be the "
"one returned at the end of import [#fnlo]_."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:406
msgid
""
"The import system has taken over the boilerplate responsibilities of "
"loaders. These were previously performed by the :meth:`importlib.abc.Loader."
"load_module` method."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:412
msgid
"Loaders"
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:414
msgid
""
"Module loaders provide the critical function of loading: module execution. "
"The import machinery calls the :meth:`importlib.abc.Loader.exec_module` "
"method with a single argument, the module object to execute. Any value "
"returned from :meth:`~importlib.abc.Loader.exec_module` is ignored."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:419
msgid
"Loaders must satisfy the following requirements:"
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:421
msgid
""
"If the module is a Python module (as opposed to a built-in module or a "
"dynamically loaded extension), the loader should execute the module's code "
"in the module's global name space (``module.__dict__``)."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:425
msgid
""
"If the loader cannot execute the module, it should raise an :exc:"
"`ImportError`, although any other exception raised during :meth:`~importlib."
"abc.Loader.exec_module` will be propagated."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:429
msgid
""
"In many cases, the finder and loader can be the same object; in such cases "
"the :meth:`~importlib.abc.MetaPathFinder.find_spec` method would just return "
"a spec with the loader set to ``self``."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:433
msgid
""
"Module loaders may opt in to creating the module object during loading by "
"implementing a :meth:`~importlib.abc.Loader.create_module` method. It takes "
"one argument, the module spec, and returns the new module object to use "
"during loading. ``create_module()`` does not need to set any attributes on "
"the module object. If the method returns ``None``, the import machinery "
"will create the new module itself."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:440
msgid
"The :meth:`~importlib.abc.Loader.create_module` method of loaders."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:443
msgid
""
"The :meth:`~importlib.abc.Loader.load_module` method was replaced by :meth:"
"`~importlib.abc.Loader.exec_module` and the import machinery assumed all the "
"boilerplate responsibilities of loading."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:448
msgid
""
"For compatibility with existing loaders, the import machinery will use the "
"``load_module()`` method of loaders if it exists and the loader does not "
"also implement ``exec_module()``. However, ``load_module()`` has been "
"deprecated and loaders should implement ``exec_module()`` instead."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:453
msgid
""
"The ``load_module()`` method must implement all the boilerplate loading "
"functionality described above in addition to executing the module. All the "
"same constraints apply, with some additional clarification:"
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:457
msgid
""
"If there is an existing module object with the given name in :data:`sys."
"modules`, the loader must use that existing module. (Otherwise, :func:"
"`importlib.reload` will not work correctly.) If the named module does not "
"exist in :data:`sys.modules`, the loader must create a new module object and "
"add it to :data:`sys.modules`."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:463
msgid
""
"The module *must* exist in :data:`sys.modules` before the loader executes "
"the module code, to prevent unbounded recursion or multiple loading."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:467
msgid
""
"If loading fails, the loader must remove any modules it has inserted into :"
"data:`sys.modules`, but it must remove **only** the failing module(s), and "
"only if the loader itself has loaded the module(s) explicitly."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:472
msgid
""
"A :exc:`DeprecationWarning` is raised when ``exec_module()`` is defined but "
"``create_module()`` is not."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:476
msgid
""
"An :exc:`ImportError` is raised when ``exec_module()`` is defined but "
"``create_module()`` is not."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:480
msgid
"Use of ``load_module()`` will raise :exc:`ImportWarning`."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:484
msgid
"Submodules"
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:486
msgid
""
"When a submodule is loaded using any mechanism (e.g. ``importlib`` APIs, the "
"``import`` or ``import-from`` statements, or built-in ``__import__()``) a "
"binding is placed in the parent module's namespace to the submodule object. "
"For example, if package ``spam`` has a submodule ``foo``, after importing "
"``spam.foo``, ``spam`` will have an attribute ``foo`` which is bound to the "
"submodule. Let's say you have the following directory structure::"
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:493
msgid
""
"spam/\n"
" __init__.py\n"
" foo.py"
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:497
msgid
"and ``spam/__init__.py`` has the following line in it::"
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:499
msgid
"from .foo import Foo"
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:501
msgid
""
"then executing the following puts name bindings for ``foo`` and ``Foo`` in "
"the ``spam`` module::"
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:504
msgid
""
">>> import spam\n"
">>> spam.foo\n"
"<module 'spam.foo' from '/tmp/imports/spam/foo.py'>\n"
">>> spam.Foo\n"
"<class 'spam.foo.Foo'>"
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:510
msgid
""
"Given Python's familiar name binding rules this might seem surprising, but "
"it's actually a fundamental feature of the import system. The invariant "
"holding is that if you have ``sys.modules['spam']`` and ``sys.modules['spam."
"foo']`` (as you would after the above import), the latter must appear as the "
"``foo`` attribute of the former."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:519
msgid
"Module specs"
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:521
msgid
""
"The import machinery uses a variety of information about each module during "
"import, especially before loading. Most of the information is common to all "
"modules. The purpose of a module's spec is to encapsulate this import-"
"related information on a per-module basis."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:526
msgid
""
"Using a spec during import allows state to be transferred between import "
"system components, e.g. between the finder that creates the module spec and "
"the loader that executes it. Most importantly, it allows the import "
"machinery to perform the boilerplate operations of loading, whereas without "
"a module spec the loader had that responsibility."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:532
msgid
""
"The module's spec is exposed as :attr:`module.__spec__`. Setting :attr:`!"
"__spec__` appropriately applies equally to :ref:`modules initialized during "
"interpreter startup <programs>`. The one exception is ``__main__``, where :"
"attr:`!__spec__` is :ref:`set to None in some cases <main_spec>`."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:538
msgid
""
"See :class:`~importlib.machinery.ModuleSpec` for details on the contents of "
"the module spec."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:546
msgid
"__path__ attributes on modules"
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:548
msgid
""
"The :attr:`~module.__path__` attribute should be a (possibly empty) :term:"
"`sequence` of strings enumerating the locations where the package's "
"submodules will be found. By definition, if a module has a :attr:`!__path__` "
"attribute, it is a :term:`package`."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:553
msgid
""
"A package's :attr:`~module.__path__` attribute is used during imports of its "
"subpackages. Within the import machinery, it functions much the same as :"
"data:`sys.path`, i.e. providing a list of locations to search for modules "
"during import. However, :attr:`!__path__` is typically much more constrained "
"than :data:`!sys.path`."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:560
msgid
""
"The same rules used for :data:`sys.path` also apply to a package's :attr:`!"
"__path__`. :data:`sys.path_hooks` (described below) are consulted when "
"traversing a package's :attr:`!__path__`."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:564
msgid
""
"A package's ``__init__.py`` file may set or alter the package's :attr:"
"`~module.__path__` attribute, and this was typically the way namespace "
"packages were implemented prior to :pep:`420`. With the adoption of :pep:"
"`420`, namespace packages no longer need to supply ``__init__.py`` files "
"containing only :attr:`!__path__` manipulation code; the import machinery "
"automatically sets :attr:`!__path__` correctly for the namespace package."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:573
msgid
"Module reprs"
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:575
msgid
""
"By default, all modules have a usable repr, however depending on the "
"attributes set above, and in the module's spec, you can more explicitly "
"control the repr of module objects."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:579
msgid
""
"If the module has a spec (``__spec__``), the import machinery will try to "
"generate a repr from it. If that fails or there is no spec, the import "
"system will craft a default repr using whatever information is available on "
"the module. It will try to use the ``module.__name__``, ``module."
"__file__``, and ``module.__loader__`` as input into the repr, with defaults "
"for whatever information is missing."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:586
msgid
"Here are the exact rules used:"
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:588
msgid
""
"If the module has a ``__spec__`` attribute, the information in the spec is "
"used to generate the repr. The
\"
name
\"
,
\"
loader
\"
,
\"
origin
\"
, and "
"
\"
has_location
\"
attributes are consulted."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:592
msgid
""
"If the module has a ``__file__`` attribute, this is used as part of the "
"module's repr."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:595
msgid
""
"If the module has no ``__file__`` but does have a ``__loader__`` that is not "
"``None``, then the loader's repr is used as part of the module's repr."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:598
msgid
"Otherwise, just use the module's ``__name__`` in the repr."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:600
msgid
""
"Use of :meth:`!module_repr`, having been deprecated since Python 3.4, was "
"removed in Python 3.12 and is no longer called during the resolution of a "
"module's repr."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:608
msgid
"Cached bytecode invalidation"
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:610
msgid
""
"Before Python loads cached bytecode from a ``.pyc`` file, it checks whether "
"the cache is up-to-date with the source ``.py`` file. By default, Python "
"does this by storing the source's last-modified timestamp and size in the "
"cache file when writing it. At runtime, the import system then validates the "
"cache file by checking the stored metadata in the cache file against the "
"source's metadata."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:617
msgid
""
"Python also supports
\"
hash-based
\"
cache files, which store a hash of the "
"source file's contents rather than its metadata. There are two variants of "
"hash-based ``.pyc`` files: checked and unchecked. For checked hash-based ``."
"pyc`` files, Python validates the cache file by hashing the source file and "
"comparing the resulting hash with the hash in the cache file. If a checked "
"hash-based cache file is found to be invalid, Python regenerates it and "
"writes a new checked hash-based cache file. For unchecked hash-based ``."
"pyc`` files, Python simply assumes the cache file is valid if it exists. "
"Hash-based ``.pyc`` files validation behavior may be overridden with the :"
"option:`--check-hash-based-pycs` flag."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:628
msgid
""
"Added hash-based ``.pyc`` files. Previously, Python only supported timestamp-"
"based invalidation of bytecode caches."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:634
msgid
"The Path Based Finder"
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:639
msgid
""
"As mentioned previously, Python comes with several default meta path "
"finders. One of these, called the :term:`path based finder` (:class:"
"`~importlib.machinery.PathFinder`), searches an :term:`import path`, which "
"contains a list of :term:`path entries <path entry>`. Each path entry names "
"a location to search for modules."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:645
msgid
""
"The path based finder itself doesn't know how to import anything. Instead, "
"it traverses the individual path entries, associating each of them with a "
"path entry finder that knows how to handle that particular kind of path."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:649
msgid
""
"The default set of path entry finders implement all the semantics for "
"finding modules on the file system, handling special file types such as "
"Python source code (``.py`` files), Python byte code (``.pyc`` files) and "
"shared libraries (e.g. ``.so`` files). When supported by the :mod:"
"`zipimport` module in the standard library, the default path entry finders "
"also handle loading all of these file types (other than shared libraries) "
"from zipfiles."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:656
msgid
""
"Path entries need not be limited to file system locations. They can refer "
"to URLs, database queries, or any other location that can be specified as a "
"string."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:660
msgid
""
"The path based finder provides additional hooks and protocols so that you "
"can extend and customize the types of searchable path entries. For example, "
"if you wanted to support path entries as network URLs, you could write a "
"hook that implements HTTP semantics to find modules on the web. This hook "
"(a callable) would return a :term:`path entry finder` supporting the "
"protocol described below, which was then used to get a loader for the module "
"from the web."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:668
msgid
""
"A word of warning: this section and the previous both use the term *finder*, "
"distinguishing between them by using the terms :term:`meta path finder` and :"
"term:`path entry finder`. These two types of finders are very similar, "
"support similar protocols, and function in similar ways during the import "
"process, but it's important to keep in mind that they are subtly different. "
"In particular, meta path finders operate at the beginning of the import "
"process, as keyed off the :data:`sys.meta_path` traversal."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:676
msgid
""
"By contrast, path entry finders are in a sense an implementation detail of "
"the path based finder, and in fact, if the path based finder were to be "
"removed from :data:`sys.meta_path`, none of the path entry finder semantics "
"would be invoked."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:683
msgid
"Path entry finders"
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:691
msgid
""
"The :term:`path based finder` is responsible for finding and loading Python "
"modules and packages whose location is specified with a string :term:`path "
"entry`. Most path entries name locations in the file system, but they need "
"not be limited to this."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:696
msgid
""
"As a meta path finder, the :term:`path based finder` implements the :meth:"
"`~importlib.abc.MetaPathFinder.find_spec` protocol previously described, "
"however it exposes additional hooks that can be used to customize how "
"modules are found and loaded from the :term:`import path`."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:701
msgid
""
"Three variables are used by the :term:`path based finder`, :data:`sys."
"path`, :data:`sys.path_hooks` and :data:`sys.path_importer_cache`. The "
"``__path__`` attributes on package objects are also used. These provide "
"additional ways that the import machinery can be customized."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:706
msgid
""
":data:`sys.path` contains a list of strings providing search locations for "
"modules and packages. It is initialized from the :envvar:`PYTHONPATH` "
"environment variable and various other installation- and implementation-"
"specific defaults. Entries in :data:`sys.path` can name directories on the "
"file system, zip files, and potentially other
\"
locations
\"
(see the :mod:"
"`site` module) that should be searched for modules, such as URLs, or "
"database queries. Only strings should be present on :data:`sys.path`; all "
"other data types are ignored."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:715
msgid
""
"The :term:`path based finder` is a :term:`meta path finder`, so the import "
"machinery begins the :term:`import path` search by calling the path based "
"finder's :meth:`~importlib.machinery.PathFinder.find_spec` method as "
"described previously. When the ``path`` argument to :meth:`~importlib."
"machinery.PathFinder.find_spec` is given, it will be a list of string paths "
"to traverse - typically a package's ``__path__`` attribute for an import "
"within that package. If the ``path`` argument is ``None``, this indicates a "
"top level import and :data:`sys.path` is used."
msgstr
""
#:
reference/import.rst:724
msgid
""
"The path based finder iterates over every entry in the search path, and for "
"each of these, looks for an appropriate :term:`path entry finder` (:class:"
"`~importlib.abc.PathEntryFinder`) for the path entry. Because this can be "
"an expensive operation (e.g. there may be ``stat()`` call overheads for this "
"search), the path based finder maintains a cache mapping path entries to "
"path entry finders. This cache is maintained in :data:`sys."
"path_importer_cache` (despite the name, this cache actually stores finder "
View remainder of file in raw view
Back
|
FazBrowse Home
|
New Git URL