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#
SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
#
Copyright (C) 2001-2022, Python Software Foundation
#
This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.
#
#
Translators:
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"
Project-Id-Version
:
Python 3.12\n
"
"
Report-Msgid-Bugs-To
:
\n
"
"
POT-Creation-Date
:
2024-09-03 11:11+0800\n
"
"
PO-Revision-Date
:
2018-05-23 14:36+0000\n
"
"
Last-Translator
:
Adrian Liaw <adrianliaw2000@gmail.com>\n
"
"
Language-Team
:
Chinese - TAIWAN (https://github.com/python/python-docs-zh-
"
"
tw)\n
"
"
Language
:
zh_TW\n
"
"
MIME-Version
:
1.0\n
"
"
Content-Type
:
text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n
"
"
Content-Transfer-Encoding
:
8bit\n
"
"
Plural-Forms
:
nplurals=1; plural=0;\n
"
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:5
msgid
"Curses Programming with Python"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:0
msgid
"Author"
msgstr
"作者"
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:9
msgid
"A.M. Kuchling, Eric S. Raymond"
msgstr
"A.M. Kuchling, Eric S. Raymond"
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:0
msgid
"Release"
msgstr
"發佈版本"
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:10
msgid
"2.04"
msgstr
"2.04"
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:
-1
msgid
"Abstract"
msgstr
"摘要"
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:15
msgid
""
"This document describes how to use the :mod:`curses` extension module to "
"control text-mode displays."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:20
msgid
"What is curses?"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:22
msgid
""
"The curses library supplies a terminal-independent screen-painting and "
"keyboard-handling facility for text-based terminals; such terminals include "
"VT100s, the Linux console, and the simulated terminal provided by various "
"programs. Display terminals support various control codes to perform common "
"operations such as moving the cursor, scrolling the screen, and erasing "
"areas. Different terminals use widely differing codes, and often have their "
"own minor quirks."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:30
msgid
""
"In a world of graphical displays, one might ask
\"
why bother
\"
? It's true "
"that character-cell display terminals are an obsolete technology, but there "
"are niches in which being able to do fancy things with them are still "
"valuable. One niche is on small-footprint or embedded Unixes that don't run "
"an X server. Another is tools such as OS installers and kernel "
"configurators that may have to run before any graphical support is available."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:38
msgid
""
"The curses library provides fairly basic functionality, providing the "
"programmer with an abstraction of a display containing multiple non-"
"overlapping windows of text. The contents of a window can be changed in "
"various ways---adding text, erasing it, changing its appearance---and the "
"curses library will figure out what control codes need to be sent to the "
"terminal to produce the right output. curses doesn't provide many user-"
"interface concepts such as buttons, checkboxes, or dialogs; if you need such "
"features, consider a user interface library such as :pypi:`Urwid`."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:48
msgid
""
"The curses library was originally written for BSD Unix; the later System V "
"versions of Unix from AT&T added many enhancements and new functions. BSD "
"curses is no longer maintained, having been replaced by ncurses, which is an "
"open-source implementation of the AT&T interface. If you're using an open-"
"source Unix such as Linux or FreeBSD, your system almost certainly uses "
"ncurses. Since most current commercial Unix versions are based on System V "
"code, all the functions described here will probably be available. The "
"older versions of curses carried by some proprietary Unixes may not support "
"everything, though."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:58
msgid
""
"The Windows version of Python doesn't include the :mod:`curses` module. A "
"ported version called :pypi:`UniCurses` is available."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:63
msgid
"The Python curses module"
msgstr
"Python curses 模組"
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:65
msgid
""
"The Python module is a fairly simple wrapper over the C functions provided "
"by curses; if you're already familiar with curses programming in C, it's "
"really easy to transfer that knowledge to Python. The biggest difference is "
"that the Python interface makes things simpler by merging different C "
"functions such as :c:func:`!addstr`, :c:func:`!mvaddstr`, and :c:func:`!"
"mvwaddstr` into a single :meth:`~curses.window.addstr` method. You'll see "
"this covered in more detail later."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:73
msgid
""
"This HOWTO is an introduction to writing text-mode programs with curses and "
"Python. It doesn't attempt to be a complete guide to the curses API; for "
"that, see the Python library guide's section on ncurses, and the C manual "
"pages for ncurses. It will, however, give you the basic ideas."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:80
msgid
"Starting and ending a curses application"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:82
msgid
""
"Before doing anything, curses must be initialized. This is done by calling "
"the :func:`~curses.initscr` function, which will determine the terminal "
"type, send any required setup codes to the terminal, and create various "
"internal data structures. If successful, :func:`!initscr` returns a window "
"object representing the entire screen; this is usually called ``stdscr`` "
"after the name of the corresponding C variable. ::"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:90
msgid
""
"import curses\n"
"stdscr = curses.initscr()"
msgstr
""
"import curses\n"
"stdscr = curses.initscr()"
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:93
msgid
""
"Usually curses applications turn off automatic echoing of keys to the "
"screen, in order to be able to read keys and only display them under certain "
"circumstances. This requires calling the :func:`~curses.noecho` function. ::"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:98
msgid
"curses.noecho()"
msgstr
"curses.noecho()"
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:100
msgid
""
"Applications will also commonly need to react to keys instantly, without "
"requiring the Enter key to be pressed; this is called cbreak mode, as "
"opposed to the usual buffered input mode. ::"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:104
msgid
"curses.cbreak()"
msgstr
"curses.cbreak()"
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:106
msgid
""
"Terminals usually return special keys, such as the cursor keys or navigation "
"keys such as Page Up and Home, as a multibyte escape sequence. While you "
"could write your application to expect such sequences and process them "
"accordingly, curses can do it for you, returning a special value such as :"
"const:`curses.KEY_LEFT`. To get curses to do the job, you'll have to enable "
"keypad mode. ::"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:113
msgid
"stdscr.keypad(True)"
msgstr
"stdscr.keypad(True)"
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:115
msgid
""
"Terminating a curses application is much easier than starting one. You'll "
"need to call::"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:118
msgid
""
"curses.nocbreak()\n"
"stdscr.keypad(False)\n"
"curses.echo()"
msgstr
""
"curses.nocbreak()\n"
"stdscr.keypad(False)\n"
"curses.echo()"
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:122
msgid
""
"to reverse the curses-friendly terminal settings. Then call the :func:"
"`~curses.endwin` function to restore the terminal to its original operating "
"mode. ::"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:126
msgid
"curses.endwin()"
msgstr
"curses.endwin()"
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:128
msgid
""
"A common problem when debugging a curses application is to get your terminal "
"messed up when the application dies without restoring the terminal to its "
"previous state. In Python this commonly happens when your code is buggy and "
"raises an uncaught exception. Keys are no longer echoed to the screen when "
"you type them, for example, which makes using the shell difficult."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:134
msgid
""
"In Python you can avoid these complications and make debugging much easier "
"by importing the :func:`curses.wrapper` function and using it like this::"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:137
msgid
""
"from curses import wrapper\n"
"\n"
"def main(stdscr):\n"
" # Clear screen\n"
" stdscr.clear()\n"
"\n"
" # This raises ZeroDivisionError when i == 10.\n"
" for i in range(0, 11):\n"
" v = i-10\n"
" stdscr.addstr(i, 0, '10 divided by {} is {}'.format(v, 10/v))\n"
"\n"
" stdscr.refresh()\n"
" stdscr.getkey()\n"
"\n"
"wrapper(main)"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:153
msgid
""
"The :func:`~curses.wrapper` function takes a callable object and does the "
"initializations described above, also initializing colors if color support "
"is present. :func:`!wrapper` then runs your provided callable. Once the "
"callable returns, :func:`!wrapper` will restore the original state of the "
"terminal. The callable is called inside a :keyword:`try`...
\\
:keyword:"
"`except` that catches exceptions, restores the state of the terminal, and "
"then re-raises the exception. Therefore your terminal won't be left in a "
"funny state on exception and you'll be able to read the exception's message "
"and traceback."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:165
msgid
"Windows and Pads"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:167
msgid
""
"Windows are the basic abstraction in curses. A window object represents a "
"rectangular area of the screen, and supports methods to display text, erase "
"it, allow the user to input strings, and so forth."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:171
msgid
""
"The ``stdscr`` object returned by the :func:`~curses.initscr` function is a "
"window object that covers the entire screen. Many programs may need only "
"this single window, but you might wish to divide the screen into smaller "
"windows, in order to redraw or clear them separately. The :func:`~curses."
"newwin` function creates a new window of a given size, returning the new "
"window object. ::"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:178
msgid
""
"begin_x = 20; begin_y = 7\n"
"height = 5; width = 40\n"
"win = curses.newwin(height, width, begin_y, begin_x)"
msgstr
""
"begin_x = 20; begin_y = 7\n"
"height = 5; width = 40\n"
"win = curses.newwin(height, width, begin_y, begin_x)"
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:182
msgid
""
"Note that the coordinate system used in curses is unusual. Coordinates are "
"always passed in the order *y,x*, and the top-left corner of a window is "
"coordinate (0,0). This breaks the normal convention for handling "
"coordinates where the *x* coordinate comes first. This is an unfortunate "
"difference from most other computer applications, but it's been part of "
"curses since it was first written, and it's too late to change things now."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:190
msgid
""
"Your application can determine the size of the screen by using the :data:"
"`curses.LINES` and :data:`curses.COLS` variables to obtain the *y* and *x* "
"sizes. Legal coordinates will then extend from ``(0,0)`` to ``(curses.LINES "
"- 1, curses.COLS - 1)``."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:195
msgid
""
"When you call a method to display or erase text, the effect doesn't "
"immediately show up on the display. Instead you must call the :meth:"
"`~curses.window.refresh` method of window objects to update the screen."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:200
msgid
""
"This is because curses was originally written with slow 300-baud terminal "
"connections in mind; with these terminals, minimizing the time required to "
"redraw the screen was very important. Instead curses accumulates changes to "
"the screen and displays them in the most efficient manner when you call :"
"meth:`!refresh`. For example, if your program displays some text in a "
"window and then clears the window, there's no need to send the original text "
"because they're never visible."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:209
msgid
""
"In practice, explicitly telling curses to redraw a window doesn't really "
"complicate programming with curses much. Most programs go into a flurry of "
"activity, and then pause waiting for a keypress or some other action on the "
"part of the user. All you have to do is to be sure that the screen has been "
"redrawn before pausing to wait for user input, by first calling :meth:`!"
"stdscr.refresh` or the :meth:`!refresh` method of some other relevant window."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:217
msgid
""
"A pad is a special case of a window; it can be larger than the actual "
"display screen, and only a portion of the pad displayed at a time. Creating "
"a pad requires the pad's height and width, while refreshing a pad requires "
"giving the coordinates of the on-screen area where a subsection of the pad "
"will be displayed. ::"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:223
msgid
""
"pad = curses.newpad(100, 100)\n"
"# These loops fill the pad with letters; addch() is\n"
"# explained in the next section\n"
"for y in range(0, 99):\n"
" for x in range(0, 99):\n"
" pad.addch(y,x, ord('a') + (x*x+y*y) % 26)\n"
"\n"
"# Displays a section of the pad in the middle of the screen.\n"
"# (0,0) : coordinate of upper-left corner of pad area to display.\n"
"# (5,5) : coordinate of upper-left corner of window area to be filled\n"
"# with pad content.\n"
"# (20, 75) : coordinate of lower-right corner of window area to be\n"
"# : filled with pad content.\n"
"pad.refresh( 0,0, 5,5, 20,75)"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:238
msgid
""
"The :meth:`!refresh` call displays a section of the pad in the rectangle "
"extending from coordinate (5,5) to coordinate (20,75) on the screen; the "
"upper left corner of the displayed section is coordinate (0,0) on the pad. "
"Beyond that difference, pads are exactly like ordinary windows and support "
"the same methods."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:244
msgid
""
"If you have multiple windows and pads on screen there is a more efficient "
"way to update the screen and prevent annoying screen flicker as each part of "
"the screen gets updated. :meth:`!refresh` actually does two things:"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:249
msgid
""
"Calls the :meth:`~curses.window.noutrefresh` method of each window to update "
"an underlying data structure representing the desired state of the screen."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:252
msgid
""
"Calls the function :func:`~curses.doupdate` function to change the physical "
"screen to match the desired state recorded in the data structure."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:255
msgid
""
"Instead you can call :meth:`!noutrefresh` on a number of windows to update "
"the data structure, and then call :func:`!doupdate` to update the screen."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:261
msgid
"Displaying Text"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:263
msgid
""
"From a C programmer's point of view, curses may sometimes look like a twisty "
"maze of functions, all subtly different. For example, :c:func:`!addstr` "
"displays a string at the current cursor location in the ``stdscr`` window, "
"while :c:func:`!mvaddstr` moves to a given y,x coordinate first before "
"displaying the string. :c:func:`!waddstr` is just like :c:func:`!addstr`, "
"but allows specifying a window to use instead of using ``stdscr`` by "
"default. :c:func:`!mvwaddstr` allows specifying both a window and a "
"coordinate."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:272
msgid
""
"Fortunately the Python interface hides all these details. ``stdscr`` is a "
"window object like any other, and methods such as :meth:`~curses.window."
"addstr` accept multiple argument forms. Usually there are four different "
"forms."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:278
msgid
"Form"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:278
../../howto/curses.rst:346
msgid
"Description"
msgstr
"描述"
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:280
msgid
"*str* or *ch*"
msgstr
"*str* 或 *ch*"
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:280
msgid
"Display the string *str* or character *ch* at the current position"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:283
msgid
"*str* or *ch*, *attr*"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:283
msgid
""
"Display the string *str* or character *ch*, using attribute *attr* at the "
"current position"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:287
msgid
"*y*, *x*, *str* or *ch*"
msgstr
"*y*、*x*、*str* 或 *ch*"
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:287
msgid
"Move to position *y,x* within the window, and display *str* or *ch*"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:290
msgid
"*y*, *x*, *str* or *ch*, *attr*"
msgstr
"*y*、*x*、*str* 或 *ch*、*attr*"
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:290
msgid
""
"Move to position *y,x* within the window, and display *str* or *ch*, using "
"attribute *attr*"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:294
msgid
""
"Attributes allow displaying text in highlighted forms such as boldface, "
"underline, reverse code, or in color. They'll be explained in more detail "
"in the next subsection."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:299
msgid
""
"The :meth:`~curses.window.addstr` method takes a Python string or bytestring "
"as the value to be displayed. The contents of bytestrings are sent to the "
"terminal as-is. Strings are encoded to bytes using the value of the "
"window's :attr:`~window.encoding` attribute; this defaults to the default "
"system encoding as returned by :func:`locale.getencoding`."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:305
msgid
""
"The :meth:`~curses.window.addch` methods take a character, which can be "
"either a string of length 1, a bytestring of length 1, or an integer."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:308
msgid
""
"Constants are provided for extension characters; these constants are "
"integers greater than 255. For example, :const:`ACS_PLMINUS` is a +/- "
"symbol, and :const:`ACS_ULCORNER` is the upper left corner of a box (handy "
"for drawing borders). You can also use the appropriate Unicode character."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:314
msgid
""
"Windows remember where the cursor was left after the last operation, so if "
"you leave out the *y,x* coordinates, the string or character will be "
"displayed wherever the last operation left off. You can also move the "
"cursor with the ``move(y,x)`` method. Because some terminals always display "
"a flashing cursor, you may want to ensure that the cursor is positioned in "
"some location where it won't be distracting; it can be confusing to have the "
"cursor blinking at some apparently random location."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:322
msgid
""
"If your application doesn't need a blinking cursor at all, you can call "
"``curs_set(False)`` to make it invisible. For compatibility with older "
"curses versions, there's a ``leaveok(bool)`` function that's a synonym for :"
"func:`~curses.curs_set`. When *bool* is true, the curses library will "
"attempt to suppress the flashing cursor, and you won't need to worry about "
"leaving it in odd locations."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:331
msgid
"Attributes and Color"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:333
msgid
""
"Characters can be displayed in different ways. Status lines in a text-based "
"application are commonly shown in reverse video, or a text viewer may need "
"to highlight certain words. curses supports this by allowing you to specify "
"an attribute for each cell on the screen."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:338
msgid
""
"An attribute is an integer, each bit representing a different attribute. "
"You can try to display text with multiple attribute bits set, but curses "
"doesn't guarantee that all the possible combinations are available, or that "
"they're all visually distinct. That depends on the ability of the terminal "
"being used, so it's safest to stick to the most commonly available "
"attributes, listed here."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:346
msgid
"Attribute"
msgstr
"屬性"
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:348
msgid
":const:`A_BLINK`"
msgstr
":const:`A_BLINK`"
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:348
msgid
"Blinking text"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:350
msgid
":const:`A_BOLD`"
msgstr
":const:`A_BOLD`"
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:350
msgid
"Extra bright or bold text"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:352
msgid
":const:`A_DIM`"
msgstr
":const:`A_DIM`"
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:352
msgid
"Half bright text"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:354
msgid
":const:`A_REVERSE`"
msgstr
":const:`A_REVERSE`"
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:354
msgid
"Reverse-video text"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:356
msgid
":const:`A_STANDOUT`"
msgstr
":const:`A_STANDOUT`"
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:356
msgid
"The best highlighting mode available"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:358
msgid
":const:`A_UNDERLINE`"
msgstr
":const:`A_UNDERLINE`"
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:358
msgid
"Underlined text"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:361
msgid
""
"So, to display a reverse-video status line on the top line of the screen, "
"you could code::"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:364
msgid
""
"stdscr.addstr(0, 0,
\"
Current mode: Typing mode
\"
,\n"
" curses.A_REVERSE)\n"
"stdscr.refresh()"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:368
msgid
""
"The curses library also supports color on those terminals that provide it. "
"The most common such terminal is probably the Linux console, followed by "
"color xterms."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:372
msgid
""
"To use color, you must call the :func:`~curses.start_color` function soon "
"after calling :func:`~curses.initscr`, to initialize the default color set "
"(the :func:`curses.wrapper` function does this automatically). Once that's "
"done, the :func:`~curses.has_colors` function returns TRUE if the terminal "
"in use can actually display color. (Note: curses uses the American spelling "
"'color', instead of the Canadian/British spelling 'colour'. If you're used "
"to the British spelling, you'll have to resign yourself to misspelling it "
"for the sake of these functions.)"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:382
msgid
""
"The curses library maintains a finite number of color pairs, containing a "
"foreground (or text) color and a background color. You can get the "
"attribute value corresponding to a color pair with the :func:`~curses."
"color_pair` function; this can be bitwise-OR'ed with other attributes such "
"as :const:`A_REVERSE`, but again, such combinations are not guaranteed to "
"work on all terminals."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:389
msgid
"An example, which displays a line of text using color pair 1::"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:391
msgid
""
"stdscr.addstr(
\"
Pretty text
\"
, curses.color_pair(1))\n"
"stdscr.refresh()"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:394
msgid
""
"As I said before, a color pair consists of a foreground and background "
"color. The ``init_pair(n, f, b)`` function changes the definition of color "
"pair *n*, to foreground color f and background color b. Color pair 0 is "
"hard-wired to white on black, and cannot be changed."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:399
msgid
""
"Colors are numbered, and :func:`start_color` initializes 8 basic colors when "
"it activates color mode. They are: 0:black, 1:red, 2:green, 3:yellow, 4:"
"blue, 5:magenta, 6:cyan, and 7:white. The :mod:`curses` module defines "
"named constants for each of these colors: :const:`curses.COLOR_BLACK`, :"
"const:`curses.COLOR_RED`, and so forth."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:405
msgid
""
"Let's put all this together. To change color 1 to red text on a white "
"background, you would call::"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:408
msgid
"curses.init_pair(1, curses.COLOR_RED, curses.COLOR_WHITE)"
msgstr
"curses.init_pair(1, curses.COLOR_RED, curses.COLOR_WHITE)"
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:410
msgid
""
"When you change a color pair, any text already displayed using that color "
"pair will change to the new colors. You can also display new text in this "
"color with::"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:414
msgid
"stdscr.addstr(0,0,
\"
RED ALERT!
\"
, curses.color_pair(1))"
msgstr
"stdscr.addstr(0,0,
\"
RED ALERT!
\"
, curses.color_pair(1))"
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:416
msgid
""
"Very fancy terminals can change the definitions of the actual colors to a "
"given RGB value. This lets you change color 1, which is usually red, to "
"purple or blue or any other color you like. Unfortunately, the Linux "
"console doesn't support this, so I'm unable to try it out, and can't provide "
"any examples. You can check if your terminal can do this by calling :func:"
"`~curses.can_change_color`, which returns ``True`` if the capability is "
"there. If you're lucky enough to have such a talented terminal, consult "
"your system's man pages for more information."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:427
msgid
"User Input"
msgstr
"使用者輸入"
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:429
msgid
""
"The C curses library offers only very simple input mechanisms. Python's :mod:"
"`curses` module adds a basic text-input widget. (Other libraries such as :"
"pypi:`Urwid` have more extensive collections of widgets.)"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:433
msgid
"There are two methods for getting input from a window:"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:435
msgid
""
":meth:`~curses.window.getch` refreshes the screen and then waits for the "
"user to hit a key, displaying the key if :func:`~curses.echo` has been "
"called earlier. You can optionally specify a coordinate to which the cursor "
"should be moved before pausing."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:440
msgid
""
":meth:`~curses.window.getkey` does the same thing but converts the integer "
"to a string. Individual characters are returned as 1-character strings, and "
"special keys such as function keys return longer strings containing a key "
"name such as ``KEY_UP`` or ``^G``."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:445
msgid
""
"It's possible to not wait for the user using the :meth:`~curses.window."
"nodelay` window method. After ``nodelay(True)``, :meth:`!getch` and :meth:`!"
"getkey` for the window become non-blocking. To signal that no input is "
"ready, :meth:`!getch` returns ``curses.ERR`` (a value of -1) and :meth:`!"
"getkey` raises an exception. There's also a :func:`~curses.halfdelay` "
"function, which can be used to (in effect) set a timer on each :meth:`!"
"getch`; if no input becomes available within a specified delay (measured in "
"tenths of a second), curses raises an exception."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:455
msgid
""
"The :meth:`!getch` method returns an integer; if it's between 0 and 255, it "
"represents the ASCII code of the key pressed. Values greater than 255 are "
"special keys such as Page Up, Home, or the cursor keys. You can compare the "
"value returned to constants such as :const:`curses.KEY_PPAGE`, :const:"
"`curses.KEY_HOME`, or :const:`curses.KEY_LEFT`. The main loop of your "
"program may look something like this::"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:462
msgid
""
"while True:\n"
" c = stdscr.getch()\n"
" if c == ord('p'):\n"
" PrintDocument()\n"
" elif c == ord('q'):\n"
" break # Exit the while loop\n"
" elif c == curses.KEY_HOME:\n"
" x = y = 0"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:471
msgid
""
"The :mod:`curses.ascii` module supplies ASCII class membership functions "
"that take either integer or 1-character string arguments; these may be "
"useful in writing more readable tests for such loops. It also supplies "
"conversion functions that take either integer or 1-character-string "
"arguments and return the same type. For example, :func:`curses.ascii.ctrl` "
"returns the control character corresponding to its argument."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:478
msgid
""
"There's also a method to retrieve an entire string, :meth:`~curses.window."
"getstr`. It isn't used very often, because its functionality is quite "
"limited; the only editing keys available are the backspace key and the Enter "
"key, which terminates the string. It can optionally be limited to a fixed "
"number of characters. ::"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:484
msgid
""
"curses.echo() # Enable echoing of characters\n"
"\n"
"# Get a 15-character string, with the cursor on the top line\n"
"s = stdscr.getstr(0,0, 15)"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:489
msgid
""
"The :mod:`curses.textpad` module supplies a text box that supports an Emacs-"
"like set of keybindings. Various methods of the :class:`~curses.textpad."
"Textbox` class support editing with input validation and gathering the edit "
"results either with or without trailing spaces. Here's an example::"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:495
msgid
""
"import curses\n"
"from curses.textpad import Textbox, rectangle\n"
"\n"
"def main(stdscr):\n"
" stdscr.addstr(0, 0,
\"
Enter IM message: (hit Ctrl-G to send)
\"
)\n"
"\n"
" editwin = curses.newwin(5,30, 2,1)\n"
" rectangle(stdscr, 1,0, 1+5+1, 1+30+1)\n"
" stdscr.refresh()\n"
"\n"
" box = Textbox(editwin)\n"
"\n"
" # Let the user edit until Ctrl-G is struck.\n"
" box.edit()\n"
"\n"
" # Get resulting contents\n"
" message = box.gather()"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:513
msgid
""
"See the library documentation on :mod:`curses.textpad` for more details."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:517
msgid
"For More Information"
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:519
msgid
""
"This HOWTO doesn't cover some advanced topics, such as reading the contents "
"of the screen or capturing mouse events from an xterm instance, but the "
"Python library page for the :mod:`curses` module is now reasonably "
"complete. You should browse it next."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:524
msgid
""
"If you're in doubt about the detailed behavior of the curses functions, "
"consult the manual pages for your curses implementation, whether it's "
"ncurses or a proprietary Unix vendor's. The manual pages will document any "
"quirks, and provide complete lists of all the functions, attributes, and :"
"ref:`ACS_
\\
* <curses-acs-codes>` characters available to you."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:531
msgid
""
"Because the curses API is so large, some functions aren't supported in the "
"Python interface. Often this isn't because they're difficult to implement, "
"but because no one has needed them yet. Also, Python doesn't yet support "
"the menu library associated with ncurses. Patches adding support for these "
"would be welcome; see `the Python Developer's Guide <https://devguide.python."
"org/>`_ to learn more about submitting patches to Python."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:539
msgid
""
"`Writing Programs with NCURSES <https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/ncurses-"
"intro.html>`_: a lengthy tutorial for C programmers."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:541
msgid
"`The ncurses man page <https://linux.die.net/man/3/ncurses>`_"
msgstr
"`ncurses 使用者手冊 <https://linux.die.net/man/3/ncurses>`_"
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:542
msgid
""
"`The ncurses FAQ <https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/ncurses.faq.html>`_"
msgstr
""
"`ncurses 問答集 <https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/ncurses.faq.html>`_"
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:543
msgid
""
"`
\"
Use curses... don't swear
\"
<https://www.youtube.com/watch?"
"v=eN1eZtjLEnU>`_: video of a PyCon 2013 talk on controlling terminals using "
"curses or Urwid."
msgstr
""
#:
../../howto/curses.rst:545
msgid
""
"`
\"
Console Applications with Urwid
\"
<https://pyvideo.org/video/1568/console-"
"applications-with-urwid>`_: video of a PyCon CA 2012 talk demonstrating some "
"applications written using Urwid."
msgstr
""
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