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#
Copyright (C) 2001 Python Software Foundation
#
This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.
#
#
Translators:
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"
Project-Id-Version
:
Python 3.14\n
"
"
Report-Msgid-Bugs-To
:
\n
"
"
POT-Creation-Date
:
2026-10-15 11:47+0000\n
"
"
PO-Revision-Date
:
2018-05-23 16:17+0000\n
"
"
Last-Translator
:
Adrian Liaw <adrianliaw2000@gmail.com>\n
"
"
Language-Team
:
Chinese - TAIWAN (https://github.com/python/python-docs-zh-
"
"
tw)\n
"
"
Language
:
zh_TW\n
"
"
MIME-Version
:
1.0\n
"
"
Content-Type
:
text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n
"
"
Content-Transfer-Encoding
:
8bit\n
"
"
Plural-Forms
:
nplurals=1; plural=0;\n
"
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:5
msgid
"Compound statements"
msgstr
"複合陳述式"
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:9
msgid
""
"Compound statements contain (groups of) other statements; they affect or "
"control the execution of those other statements in some way. In general, "
"compound statements span multiple lines, although in simple incarnations a "
"whole compound statement may be contained in one line."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:14
msgid
""
"The :keyword:`if`, :keyword:`while` and :keyword:`for` statements implement "
"traditional control flow constructs. :keyword:`try` specifies exception "
"handlers and/or cleanup code for a group of statements, while the :keyword:"
"`with` statement allows the execution of initialization and finalization "
"code around a block of code. Function and class definitions are also "
"syntactically compound statements."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:26
msgid
""
"A compound statement consists of one or more 'clauses.' A clause consists "
"of a header and a 'suite.' The clause headers of a particular compound "
"statement are all at the same indentation level. Each clause header begins "
"with a uniquely identifying keyword and ends with a colon. A suite is a "
"group of statements controlled by a clause. A suite can be one or more "
"semicolon-separated simple statements on the same line as the header, "
"following the header's colon, or it can be one or more indented statements "
"on subsequent lines. Only the latter form of a suite can contain nested "
"compound statements; the following is illegal, mostly because it wouldn't be "
"clear to which :keyword:`if` clause a following :keyword:`else` clause would "
"belong::"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:37
msgid
"if test1: if test2: print(x)"
msgstr
"if test1: if test2: print(x)"
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:39
msgid
""
"Also note that the semicolon binds tighter than the colon in this context, "
"so that in the following example, either all or none of the :func:`print` "
"calls are executed::"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:43
msgid
"if x < y < z: print(x); print(y); print(z)"
msgstr
"if x < y < z: print(x); print(y); print(z)"
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:45
msgid
"Summarizing:"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:69
msgid
""
"Note that statements always end in a ``NEWLINE`` possibly followed by a "
"``DEDENT``. Also note that optional continuation clauses always begin with "
"a keyword that cannot start a statement, thus there are no ambiguities (the "
"'dangling :keyword:`else`' problem is solved in Python by requiring nested :"
"keyword:`if` statements to be indented)."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:75
msgid
""
"The formatting of the grammar rules in the following sections places each "
"clause on a separate line for clarity."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:84
msgid
"The :keyword:`!if` statement"
msgstr
":keyword:`!if` 陳述式"
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:92
msgid
"The :keyword:`if` statement is used for conditional execution:"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:99
msgid
""
"It selects exactly one of the suites by evaluating the expressions one by "
"one until one is found to be true (see section :ref:`booleans` for the "
"definition of true and false); then that suite is executed (and no other "
"part of the :keyword:`if` statement is executed or evaluated). If all "
"expressions are false, the suite of the :keyword:`else` clause, if present, "
"is executed."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:109
msgid
"The :keyword:`!while` statement"
msgstr
":keyword:`!while` 陳述式"
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:117
msgid
""
"The :keyword:`while` statement is used for repeated execution as long as an "
"expression is true:"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:124
msgid
""
"This repeatedly tests the expression and, if it is true, executes the first "
"suite; if the expression is false (which may be the first time it is tested) "
"the suite of the :keyword:`!else` clause, if present, is executed and the "
"loop terminates."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:133
msgid
""
"A :keyword:`break` statement executed in the first suite terminates the loop "
"without executing the :keyword:`!else` clause's suite. A :keyword:"
"`continue` statement executed in the first suite skips the rest of the suite "
"and goes back to testing the expression."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:142
msgid
"The :keyword:`!for` statement"
msgstr
":keyword:`!for` 陳述式"
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:153
msgid
""
"The :keyword:`for` statement is used to iterate over the elements of a "
"sequence (such as a string, tuple or list) or other iterable object:"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:160
msgid
""
"The :token:`~python-grammar:starred_expression_list` expression is evaluated "
"once; it should yield an :term:`iterable` object. An :term:`iterator` is "
"created for that iterable. The first item provided by the iterator is then "
"assigned to the target list using the standard rules for assignments (see :"
"ref:`assignment`), and the suite is executed. This repeats for each item "
"provided by the iterator. When the iterator is :term:`exhausted`, the suite "
"in the :keyword:`!else` clause, if present, is executed, and the loop "
"terminates."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:173
msgid
""
"A :keyword:`break` statement executed in the first suite terminates the loop "
"without executing the :keyword:`!else` clause's suite. A :keyword:"
"`continue` statement executed in the first suite skips the rest of the suite "
"and continues with the next item, or with the :keyword:`!else` clause if "
"there is no next item."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:179
msgid
""
"The for-loop makes assignments to the variables in the target list. This "
"overwrites all previous assignments to those variables including those made "
"in the suite of the for-loop::"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:183
msgid
""
"for i in range(10):\n"
" print(i)\n"
" i = 5 # this will not affect the for-loop\n"
" # because i will be overwritten with the next\n"
" # index in the range"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:193
msgid
""
"Names in the target list are not deleted when the loop is finished, but if "
"the sequence is empty, they will not have been assigned to at all by the "
"loop. Hint: the built-in type :func:`range` represents immutable arithmetic "
"sequences of integers. For instance, iterating ``range(3)`` successively "
"yields 0, 1, and then 2."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:198
msgid
"Starred elements are now allowed in the expression list."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:205
msgid
"The :keyword:`!try` statement"
msgstr
":keyword:`!try` 陳述式"
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:215
msgid
""
"The :keyword:`!try` statement specifies exception handlers and/or cleanup "
"code for a group of statements:"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:231
msgid
""
"Additional information on exceptions can be found in section :ref:"
"`exceptions`, and information on using the :keyword:`raise` statement to "
"generate exceptions may be found in section :ref:`raise`."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:235
msgid
""
"Support for optionally dropping grouping parentheses when using multiple "
"exception types. See :pep:`758`."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:241
msgid
":keyword:`!except` clause"
msgstr
":keyword:`!except` 子句"
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:243
msgid
""
"The :keyword:`!except` clause(s) specify one or more exception handlers. "
"When no exception occurs in the :keyword:`try` clause, no exception handler "
"is executed. When an exception occurs in the :keyword:`!try` suite, a search "
"for an exception handler is started. This search inspects the :keyword:`!"
"except` clauses in turn until one is found that matches the exception. An "
"expression-less :keyword:`!except` clause, if present, must be last; it "
"matches any exception."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:251
msgid
""
"For an :keyword:`!except` clause with an expression, the expression must "
"evaluate to an exception type or a tuple of exception types. Parentheses can "
"be dropped if multiple exception types are provided and the ``as`` clause is "
"not used. The raised exception matches an :keyword:`!except` clause whose "
"expression evaluates to the class or a :term:`non-virtual base class "
"<abstract base class>` of the exception object, or to a tuple that contains "
"such a class."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:258
msgid
""
"If no :keyword:`!except` clause matches the exception, the search for an "
"exception handler continues in the surrounding code and on the invocation "
"stack. [#]_"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:262
msgid
""
"If the evaluation of an expression in the header of an :keyword:`!except` "
"clause raises an exception, the original search for a handler is canceled "
"and a search starts for the new exception in the surrounding code and on the "
"call stack (it is treated as if the entire :keyword:`try` statement raised "
"the exception)."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:270
msgid
""
"When a matching :keyword:`!except` clause is found, the exception is "
"assigned to the target specified after the :keyword:`!as` keyword in that :"
"keyword:`!except` clause, if present, and the :keyword:`!except` clause's "
"suite is executed. All :keyword:`!except` clauses must have an executable "
"block. When the end of this block is reached, execution continues normally "
"after the entire :keyword:`try` statement. (This means that if two nested "
"handlers exist for the same exception, and the exception occurs in the :"
"keyword:`!try` clause of the inner handler, the outer handler will not "
"handle the exception.)"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:281
msgid
""
"When an exception has been assigned using ``as target``, it is cleared at "
"the end of the :keyword:`!except` clause. This is as if::"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:284
msgid
""
"except E as N:\n"
" foo"
msgstr
""
"except E as N:\n"
" foo"
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:287
msgid
"was translated to::"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:289
msgid
""
"except E as N:\n"
" try:\n"
" foo\n"
" finally:\n"
" del N"
msgstr
""
"except E as N:\n"
" try:\n"
" foo\n"
" finally:\n"
" del N"
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:295
msgid
""
"This means the exception must be assigned to a different name to be able to "
"refer to it after the :keyword:`!except` clause. Exceptions are cleared "
"because with the traceback attached to them, they form a reference cycle "
"with the stack frame, keeping all locals in that frame alive until the next "
"garbage collection occurs."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:305
msgid
""
"Before an :keyword:`!except` clause's suite is executed, the exception is "
"stored in the :mod:`sys` module, where it can be accessed from within the "
"body of the :keyword:`!except` clause by calling :func:`sys.exception`. When "
"leaving an exception handler, the exception stored in the :mod:`sys` module "
"is reset to its previous value::"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:311
msgid
""
">>> print(sys.exception())\n"
"None\n"
">>> try:\n"
"... raise TypeError\n"
"... except:\n"
"... print(repr(sys.exception()))\n"
"... try:\n"
"... raise ValueError\n"
"... except:\n"
"... print(repr(sys.exception()))\n"
"... print(repr(sys.exception()))\n"
"...\n"
"TypeError()\n"
"ValueError()\n"
"TypeError()\n"
">>> print(sys.exception())\n"
"None"
msgstr
""
">>> print(sys.exception())\n"
"None\n"
">>> try:\n"
"... raise TypeError\n"
"... except:\n"
"... print(repr(sys.exception()))\n"
"... try:\n"
"... raise ValueError\n"
"... except:\n"
"... print(repr(sys.exception()))\n"
"... print(repr(sys.exception()))\n"
"...\n"
"TypeError()\n"
"ValueError()\n"
"TypeError()\n"
">>> print(sys.exception())\n"
"None"
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:336
msgid
":keyword:`!except*` clause"
msgstr
":keyword:`!except*` 子句"
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:338
msgid
""
"The :keyword:`!except*` clause(s) specify one or more handlers for groups of "
"exceptions (:exc:`BaseExceptionGroup` instances). A :keyword:`try` statement "
"can have either :keyword:`except` or :keyword:`!except*` clauses, but not "
"both. The exception type for matching is mandatory in the case of :keyword:`!"
"except*`, so ``except*:`` is a syntax error. The type is interpreted as in "
"the case of :keyword:`!except`, but matching is performed on the exceptions "
"contained in the group that is being handled. A :exc:`TypeError` is raised "
"if a matching type is a subclass of :exc:`!BaseExceptionGroup`, because that "
"would have ambiguous semantics."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:348
msgid
""
"When an exception group is raised in the try block, each :keyword:`!except*` "
"clause splits (see :meth:`~BaseExceptionGroup.split`) it into the subgroups "
"of matching and non-matching exceptions. If the matching subgroup is not "
"empty, it becomes the handled exception (the value returned from :func:`sys."
"exception`) and assigned to the target of the :keyword:`!except*` clause (if "
"there is one). Then, the body of the :keyword:`!except*` clause executes. If "
"the non-matching subgroup is not empty, it is processed by the next :keyword:"
"`!except*` in the same manner. This continues until all exceptions in the "
"group have been matched, or the last :keyword:`!except*` clause has run."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:358
msgid
""
"After all :keyword:`!except*` clauses execute, the group of unhandled "
"exceptions is merged with any exceptions that were raised or re-raised from "
"within :keyword:`!except*` clauses. This merged exception group propagates "
"on::"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:362
msgid
""
">>> try:\n"
"... raise ExceptionGroup(
\"
eg
\"
,\n"
"... [ValueError(1), TypeError(2), OSError(3), OSError(4)])\n"
"... except* TypeError as e:\n"
"... print(f'caught {type(e)} with nested {e.exceptions}')\n"
"... except* OSError as e:\n"
"... print(f'caught {type(e)} with nested {e.exceptions}')\n"
"...\n"
"caught <class 'ExceptionGroup'> with nested (TypeError(2),)\n"
"caught <class 'ExceptionGroup'> with nested (OSError(3), OSError(4))\n"
" + Exception Group Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
" | File
\"
<doctest default[0]>
\"
, line 2, in <module>\n"
" | raise ExceptionGroup(
\"
eg
\"
,\n"
" | [ValueError(1), TypeError(2), OSError(3), OSError(4)])\n"
" | ExceptionGroup: eg (1 sub-exception)\n"
" +-+---------------- 1 ----------------\n"
" | ValueError: 1\n"
" +------------------------------------"
msgstr
""
">>> try:\n"
"... raise ExceptionGroup(
\"
eg
\"
,\n"
"... [ValueError(1), TypeError(2), OSError(3), OSError(4)])\n"
"... except* TypeError as e:\n"
"... print(f'caught {type(e)} with nested {e.exceptions}')\n"
"... except* OSError as e:\n"
"... print(f'caught {type(e)} with nested {e.exceptions}')\n"
"...\n"
"caught <class 'ExceptionGroup'> with nested (TypeError(2),)\n"
"caught <class 'ExceptionGroup'> with nested (OSError(3), OSError(4))\n"
" + Exception Group Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
" | File
\"
<doctest default[0]>
\"
, line 2, in <module>\n"
" | raise ExceptionGroup(
\"
eg
\"
,\n"
" | [ValueError(1), TypeError(2), OSError(3), OSError(4)])\n"
" | ExceptionGroup: eg (1 sub-exception)\n"
" +-+---------------- 1 ----------------\n"
" | ValueError: 1\n"
" +------------------------------------"
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:381
msgid
""
"If the exception raised from the :keyword:`try` block is not an exception "
"group and its type matches one of the :keyword:`!except*` clauses, it is "
"caught and wrapped by an exception group with an empty message string. This "
"ensures that the type of the target ``e`` is consistently :exc:"
"`BaseExceptionGroup`::"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:386
msgid
""
">>> try:\n"
"... raise BlockingIOError\n"
"... except* BlockingIOError as e:\n"
"... print(repr(e))\n"
"...\n"
"ExceptionGroup('', (BlockingIOError(),))"
msgstr
""
">>> try:\n"
"... raise BlockingIOError\n"
"... except* BlockingIOError as e:\n"
"... print(repr(e))\n"
"...\n"
"ExceptionGroup('', (BlockingIOError(),))"
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:393
msgid
""
":keyword:`break`, :keyword:`continue` and :keyword:`return` cannot appear in "
"an :keyword:`!except*` clause."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:406
msgid
":keyword:`!else` clause"
msgstr
":keyword:`!else` 子句"
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:408
msgid
""
"The optional :keyword:`!else` clause is executed if the control flow leaves "
"the :keyword:`try` suite, no exception was raised, and no :keyword:"
"`return`, :keyword:`continue`, or :keyword:`break` statement was executed. "
"Exceptions in the :keyword:`!else` clause are not handled by the preceding :"
"keyword:`except` clauses."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:420
msgid
":keyword:`!finally` clause"
msgstr
":keyword:`!finally` 子句"
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:422
msgid
""
"If :keyword:`!finally` is present, it specifies a 'cleanup' handler. The :"
"keyword:`try` clause is executed, including any :keyword:`except` and :"
"keyword:`else <except_else>` clauses. If an exception occurs in any of the "
"clauses and is not handled, the exception is temporarily saved. The :keyword:"
"`!finally` clause is executed. If there is a saved exception it is re-"
"raised at the end of the :keyword:`!finally` clause. If the :keyword:`!"
"finally` clause raises another exception, the saved exception is set as the "
"context of the new exception. If the :keyword:`!finally` clause executes a :"
"keyword:`return`, :keyword:`break` or :keyword:`continue` statement, the "
"saved exception is discarded. For example, this function returns 42."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:435
msgid
""
"def f():\n"
" try:\n"
" 1/0\n"
" finally:\n"
" return 42"
msgstr
""
"def f():\n"
" try:\n"
" 1/0\n"
" finally:\n"
" return 42"
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:443
msgid
""
"The exception information is not available to the program during execution "
"of the :keyword:`!finally` clause."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:451
msgid
""
"When a :keyword:`return`, :keyword:`break` or :keyword:`continue` statement "
"is executed in the :keyword:`try` suite of a :keyword:`!try`...
\\
:keyword:`!"
"finally` statement, the :keyword:`!finally` clause is also executed 'on the "
"way out.'"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:455
msgid
""
"The return value of a function is determined by the last :keyword:`return` "
"statement executed. Since the :keyword:`!finally` clause always executes, "
"a :keyword:`!return` statement executed in the :keyword:`!finally` clause "
"will always be the last one executed. The following function returns "
"'finally'."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:460
msgid
""
"def foo():\n"
" try:\n"
" return 'try'\n"
" finally:\n"
" return 'finally'"
msgstr
""
"def foo():\n"
" try:\n"
" return 'try'\n"
" finally:\n"
" return 'finally'"
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:468
msgid
""
"Prior to Python 3.8, a :keyword:`continue` statement was illegal in the :"
"keyword:`!finally` clause due to a problem with the implementation."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:472
msgid
""
"The compiler emits a :exc:`SyntaxWarning` when a :keyword:`return`, :keyword:"
"`break` or :keyword:`continue` appears in a :keyword:`!finally` block (see :"
"pep:`765`)."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:482
msgid
"The :keyword:`!with` statement"
msgstr
":keyword:`!with` 陳述式"
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:491
msgid
""
"The :keyword:`with` statement is used to wrap the execution of a block with "
"methods defined by a context manager (see section :ref:`context-managers`). "
"This allows common :keyword:`try`...
\\
:keyword:`except`...
\\
:keyword:"
"`finally` usage patterns to be encapsulated for convenient reuse."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:501
msgid
""
"The execution of the :keyword:`with` statement with one
\"
item
\"
proceeds as "
"follows:"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:503
msgid
""
"The context expression (the expression given in the :token:`~python-grammar:"
"with_item`) is evaluated to obtain a context manager."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:506
msgid
""
"The context manager's :meth:`~object.__enter__` is loaded for later use."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:508
msgid
"The context manager's :meth:`~object.__exit__` is loaded for later use."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:510
msgid
"The context manager's :meth:`~object.__enter__` method is invoked."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:512
msgid
""
"If a target was included in the :keyword:`with` statement, the return value "
"from :meth:`~object.__enter__` is assigned to it."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:517
msgid
""
"The :keyword:`with` statement guarantees that if the :meth:`~object."
"__enter__` method returns without an error, then :meth:`~object.__exit__` "
"will always be called. Thus, if an error occurs during the assignment to the "
"target list, it will be treated the same as an error occurring within the "
"suite would be. See step 7 below."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:523
msgid
"The suite is executed."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:525
msgid
""
"The context manager's :meth:`~object.__exit__` method is invoked. If an "
"exception caused the suite to be exited, its type, value, and traceback are "
"passed as arguments to :meth:`~object.__exit__`. Otherwise, three :const:"
"`None` arguments are supplied."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:530
msgid
""
"If the suite was exited due to an exception, and the return value from the :"
"meth:`~object.__exit__` method was false, the exception is reraised. If the "
"return value was true, the exception is suppressed, and execution continues "
"with the statement following the :keyword:`with` statement."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:535
msgid
""
"If the suite was exited for any reason other than an exception, the return "
"value from :meth:`~object.__exit__` is ignored, and execution proceeds at "
"the normal location for the kind of exit that was taken."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:539
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:1677
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:1718
msgid
"The following code::"
msgstr
"以下程式碼： ::"
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:541
msgid
""
"with EXPRESSION as TARGET:\n"
" SUITE"
msgstr
""
"with EXPRESSION as TARGET:\n"
" SUITE"
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:544
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:572
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:1723
msgid
"is semantically equivalent to::"
msgstr
"在語義上等同於： ::"
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:546
msgid
""
"manager = (EXPRESSION)\n"
"enter = manager.__enter__\n"
"exit = manager.__exit__\n"
"value = enter()\n"
"hit_except = False\n"
"\n"
"try:\n"
" TARGET = value\n"
" SUITE\n"
"except:\n"
" hit_except = True\n"
" if not exit(*sys.exc_info()):\n"
" raise\n"
"finally:\n"
" if not hit_except:\n"
" exit(None, None, None)"
msgstr
""
"manager = (EXPRESSION)\n"
"enter = manager.__enter__\n"
"exit = manager.__exit__\n"
"value = enter()\n"
"hit_except = False\n"
"\n"
"try:\n"
" TARGET = value\n"
" SUITE\n"
"except:\n"
" hit_except = True\n"
" if not exit(*sys.exc_info()):\n"
" raise\n"
"finally:\n"
" if not hit_except:\n"
" exit(None, None, None)"
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:563
msgid
""
"except that implicit :ref:`special method lookup <special-lookup>` is used "
"for :meth:`~object.__enter__` and :meth:`~object.__exit__`."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:566
msgid
""
"With more than one item, the context managers are processed as if multiple :"
"keyword:`with` statements were nested::"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:569
msgid
""
"with A() as a, B() as b:\n"
" SUITE"
msgstr
""
"with A() as a, B() as b:\n"
" SUITE"
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:574
msgid
""
"with A() as a:\n"
" with B() as b:\n"
" SUITE"
msgstr
""
"with A() as a:\n"
" with B() as b:\n"
" SUITE"
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:578
msgid
""
"You can also write multi-item context managers in multiple lines if the "
"items are surrounded by parentheses. For example::"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:581
msgid
""
"with (\n"
" A() as a,\n"
" B() as b,\n"
"):\n"
" SUITE"
msgstr
""
"with (\n"
" A() as a,\n"
" B() as b,\n"
"):\n"
" SUITE"
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:587
msgid
"Support for multiple context expressions."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:590
msgid
""
"Support for using grouping parentheses to break the statement in multiple "
"lines."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:595
msgid
":pep:`343` - The
\"
with
\"
statement"
msgstr
":pep:`343` -
\"
with
\"
陳述式"
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:596
msgid
""
"The specification, background, and examples for the Python :keyword:`with` "
"statement."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:603
msgid
"The :keyword:`!match` statement"
msgstr
":keyword:`!match` 陳述式"
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:617
msgid
"The match statement is used for pattern matching. Syntax:"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:626
msgid
""
"This section uses single quotes to denote :ref:`soft keywords <soft-"
"keywords>`."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:629
msgid
""
"Pattern matching takes a pattern as input (following ``case``) and a subject "
"value (following ``match``). The pattern (which may contain subpatterns) is "
"matched against the subject value. The outcomes are:"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:633
msgid
"A match success or failure (also termed a pattern success or failure)."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:635
msgid
""
"Possible binding of matched values to a name. The prerequisites for this "
"are further discussed below."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:638
msgid
""
"The ``match`` and ``case`` keywords are :ref:`soft keywords <soft-keywords>`."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:642
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:1200
msgid
":pep:`634` -- Structural Pattern Matching: Specification"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:643
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:1201
msgid
":pep:`636` -- Structural Pattern Matching: Tutorial"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:647
msgid
"Overview"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:649
msgid
"Here's an overview of the logical flow of a match statement:"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:652
msgid
""
"The subject expression ``subject_expr`` is evaluated and a resulting subject "
"value obtained. If the subject expression contains a comma, a tuple is "
"constructed using :ref:`the standard rules <typesseq-tuple>`."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:656
msgid
""
"Each pattern in a ``case_block`` is attempted to match with the subject "
"value. The specific rules for success or failure are described below. The "
"match attempt can also bind some or all of the standalone names within the "
"pattern. The precise pattern binding rules vary per pattern type and are "
"specified below. **Name bindings made during a successful pattern match "
"outlive the executed block and can be used after the match statement**."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:665
msgid
""
"During failed pattern matches, some subpatterns may succeed. Do not rely on "
"bindings being made for a failed match. Conversely, do not rely on "
"variables remaining unchanged after a failed match. The exact behavior is "
"dependent on implementation and may vary. This is an intentional decision "
"made to allow different implementations to add optimizations."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:672
msgid
""
"If the pattern succeeds, the corresponding guard (if present) is evaluated. "
"In this case all name bindings are guaranteed to have happened."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:675
msgid
""
"If the guard evaluates as true or is missing, the ``block`` inside "
"``case_block`` is executed."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:678
msgid
"Otherwise, the next ``case_block`` is attempted as described above."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:680
msgid
"If there are no further case blocks, the match statement is completed."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:684
msgid
""
"Users should generally never rely on a pattern being evaluated. Depending "
"on implementation, the interpreter may cache values or use other "
"optimizations which skip repeated evaluations."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:688
msgid
"A sample match statement::"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:690
msgid
""
">>> flag = False\n"
">>> match (100, 200):\n"
"... case (100, 300): # Mismatch: 200 != 300\n"
"... print('Case 1')\n"
"... case (100, 200) if flag: # Successful match, but guard fails\n"
"... print('Case 2')\n"
"... case (100, y): # Matches and binds y to 200\n"
"... print(f'Case 3, y: {y}')\n"
"... case _: # Pattern not attempted\n"
"... print('Case 4, I match anything!')\n"
"...\n"
"Case 3, y: 200"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:704
msgid
""
"In this case, ``if flag`` is a guard. Read more about that in the next "
"section."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:707
msgid
"Guards"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:714
msgid
""
"A ``guard`` (which is part of the ``case``) must succeed for code inside the "
"``case`` block to execute. It takes the form: :keyword:`if` followed by an "
"expression."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:719
msgid
"The logical flow of a ``case`` block with a ``guard`` follows:"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:721
msgid
""
"Check that the pattern in the ``case`` block succeeded. If the pattern "
"failed, the ``guard`` is not evaluated and the next ``case`` block is "
"checked."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:725
msgid
"If the pattern succeeded, evaluate the ``guard``."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:727
msgid
""
"If the ``guard`` condition evaluates as true, the case block is selected."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:730
msgid
""
"If the ``guard`` condition evaluates as false, the case block is not "
"selected."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:733
msgid
""
"If the ``guard`` raises an exception during evaluation, the exception "
"bubbles up."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:736
msgid
""
"Guards are allowed to have side effects as they are expressions. Guard "
"evaluation must proceed from the first to the last case block, one at a "
"time, skipping case blocks whose pattern(s) don't all succeed. (I.e., guard "
"evaluation must happen in order.) Guard evaluation must stop once a case "
"block is selected."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:746
msgid
"Irrefutable Case Blocks"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:750
msgid
""
"An irrefutable case block is a match-all case block. A match statement may "
"have at most one irrefutable case block, and it must be last."
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:753
msgid
""
"A case block is considered irrefutable if it has no guard and its pattern is "
"irrefutable. A pattern is considered irrefutable if we can prove from its "
"syntax alone that it will always succeed. Only the following patterns are "
"irrefutable:"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:758
msgid
":ref:`as-patterns` whose left-hand side is irrefutable"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:760
msgid
":ref:`or-patterns` containing at least one irrefutable pattern"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:762
msgid
":ref:`capture-patterns`"
msgstr
":ref:`capture-patterns`"
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:764
msgid
":ref:`wildcard-patterns`"
msgstr
":ref:`wildcard-patterns`"
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:766
msgid
"parenthesized irrefutable patterns"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:770
msgid
"Patterns"
msgstr
""
#:
../../reference/compound_stmts.rst:777
msgid
"This section uses grammar notations beyond standard EBNF:"
msgstr
""
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