FazBrowse GitHub Viewer
|
Trending
|
URL:
|
Home
Tools:
[Download Repo ZIP]
[View Raw Code]
[Original HTTPS Page]
python-docs-zh-tw/c-api/memory.po at library/string · python/python-docs-zh-tw · GitHub
python
python-docs-zh-tw
Repository navigation
Code
Issues
33
(33)
Pull requests
12
(12)
Discussions
Actions
Wiki
Security and quality
Insights
Expand file tree
Breadcrumbs
python-docs-zh-tw
/
c-api
/
memory.po
Copy path
More file actions
More file actions
Latest commit
History
History
History
1090 lines (899 loc) · 34.2 KB
Breadcrumbs
python-docs-zh-tw
/
c-api
/
memory.po
Copy path
File metadata and controls
1090 lines (899 loc) · 34.2 KB
Raw
Copy raw file
Download raw file
Open symbols panel
Edit and raw actions
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
#
SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
#
Copyright (C) 2001-2022, Python Software Foundation
#
This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.
#
#
Translators:
#
Ching-Lung Chuang, 2015
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"
Project-Id-Version
:
Python 3.12\n
"
"
Report-Msgid-Bugs-To
:
\n
"
"
POT-Creation-Date
:
2023-08-01 00:03+0000\n
"
"
PO-Revision-Date
:
2018-05-23 14:06+0000\n
"
"
Last-Translator
:
Adrian Liaw <adrianliaw2000@gmail.com>\n
"
"
Language-Team
:
Chinese - TAIWAN (https://github.com/python/python-docs-zh-
"
"
tw)\n
"
"
Language
:
zh_TW\n
"
"
MIME-Version
:
1.0\n
"
"
Content-Type
:
text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n
"
"
Content-Transfer-Encoding
:
8bit\n
"
"
Plural-Forms
:
nplurals=1; plural=0;\n
"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:8
msgid
"Memory Management"
msgstr
"記憶體管理"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:17
msgid
"Overview"
msgstr
"總覽"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:19
msgid
""
"Memory management in Python involves a private heap containing all Python "
"objects and data structures. The management of this private heap is ensured "
"internally by the *Python memory manager*. The Python memory manager has "
"different components which deal with various dynamic storage management "
"aspects, like sharing, segmentation, preallocation or caching."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:25
msgid
""
"At the lowest level, a raw memory allocator ensures that there is enough "
"room in the private heap for storing all Python-related data by interacting "
"with the memory manager of the operating system. On top of the raw memory "
"allocator, several object-specific allocators operate on the same heap and "
"implement distinct memory management policies adapted to the peculiarities "
"of every object type. For example, integer objects are managed differently "
"within the heap than strings, tuples or dictionaries because integers imply "
"different storage requirements and speed/space tradeoffs. The Python memory "
"manager thus delegates some of the work to the object-specific allocators, "
"but ensures that the latter operate within the bounds of the private heap."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:36
msgid
""
"It is important to understand that the management of the Python heap is "
"performed by the interpreter itself and that the user has no control over "
"it, even if they regularly manipulate object pointers to memory blocks "
"inside that heap. The allocation of heap space for Python objects and other "
"internal buffers is performed on demand by the Python memory manager through "
"the Python/C API functions listed in this document."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:49
msgid
""
"To avoid memory corruption, extension writers should never try to operate on "
"Python objects with the functions exported by the C library: :c:func:"
"`malloc`, :c:func:`calloc`, :c:func:`realloc` and :c:func:`free`. This will "
"result in mixed calls between the C allocator and the Python memory manager "
"with fatal consequences, because they implement different algorithms and "
"operate on different heaps. However, one may safely allocate and release "
"memory blocks with the C library allocator for individual purposes, as shown "
"in the following example::"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:68
msgid
""
"In this example, the memory request for the I/O buffer is handled by the C "
"library allocator. The Python memory manager is involved only in the "
"allocation of the bytes object returned as a result."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:72
msgid
""
"In most situations, however, it is recommended to allocate memory from the "
"Python heap specifically because the latter is under control of the Python "
"memory manager. For example, this is required when the interpreter is "
"extended with new object types written in C. Another reason for using the "
"Python heap is the desire to *inform* the Python memory manager about the "
"memory needs of the extension module. Even when the requested memory is used "
"exclusively for internal, highly specific purposes, delegating all memory "
"requests to the Python memory manager causes the interpreter to have a more "
"accurate image of its memory footprint as a whole. Consequently, under "
"certain circumstances, the Python memory manager may or may not trigger "
"appropriate actions, like garbage collection, memory compaction or other "
"preventive procedures. Note that by using the C library allocator as shown "
"in the previous example, the allocated memory for the I/O buffer escapes "
"completely the Python memory manager."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:88
msgid
""
"The :envvar:`PYTHONMALLOC` environment variable can be used to configure the "
"memory allocators used by Python."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:91
msgid
""
"The :envvar:`PYTHONMALLOCSTATS` environment variable can be used to print "
"statistics of the :ref:`pymalloc memory allocator <pymalloc>` every time a "
"new pymalloc object arena is created, and on shutdown."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:96
msgid
"Allocator Domains"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:100
msgid
""
"All allocating functions belong to one of three different
\"
domains
\"
(see "
"also :c:type:`PyMemAllocatorDomain`). These domains represent different "
"allocation strategies and are optimized for different purposes. The specific "
"details on how every domain allocates memory or what internal functions each "
"domain calls is considered an implementation detail, but for debugging "
"purposes a simplified table can be found at :ref:`here <default-memory-"
"allocators>`. There is no hard requirement to use the memory returned by the "
"allocation functions belonging to a given domain for only the purposes "
"hinted by that domain (although this is the recommended practice). For "
"example, one could use the memory returned by :c:func:`PyMem_RawMalloc` for "
"allocating Python objects or the memory returned by :c:func:"
"`PyObject_Malloc` for allocating memory for buffers."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:112
msgid
"The three allocation domains are:"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:114
msgid
""
"Raw domain: intended for allocating memory for general-purpose memory "
"buffers where the allocation *must* go to the system allocator or where the "
"allocator can operate without the :term:`GIL`. The memory is requested "
"directly to the system."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:119
msgid
""
"
\"
Mem
\"
domain: intended for allocating memory for Python buffers and "
"general-purpose memory buffers where the allocation must be performed with "
"the :term:`GIL` held. The memory is taken from the Python private heap."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:123
msgid
""
"Object domain: intended for allocating memory belonging to Python objects. "
"The memory is taken from the Python private heap."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:126
msgid
""
"When freeing memory previously allocated by the allocating functions "
"belonging to a given domain,the matching specific deallocating functions "
"must be used. For example, :c:func:`PyMem_Free` must be used to free memory "
"allocated using :c:func:`PyMem_Malloc`."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:131
msgid
"Raw Memory Interface"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:133
msgid
""
"The following function sets are wrappers to the system allocator. These "
"functions are thread-safe, the :term:`GIL <global interpreter lock>` does "
"not need to be held."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:137
msgid
""
"The :ref:`default raw memory allocator <default-memory-allocators>` uses the "
"following functions: :c:func:`malloc`, :c:func:`calloc`, :c:func:`realloc` "
"and :c:func:`!free`; call ``malloc(1)`` (or ``calloc(1, 1)``) when "
"requesting zero bytes."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:146
../../c-api/memory.rst:217
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:325
msgid
""
"Allocates *n* bytes and returns a pointer of type :c:expr:`void*` to the "
"allocated memory, or ``NULL`` if the request fails."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:149
msgid
""
"Requesting zero bytes returns a distinct non-``NULL`` pointer if possible, "
"as if ``PyMem_RawMalloc(1)`` had been called instead. The memory will not "
"have been initialized in any way."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:156
../../c-api/memory.rst:227
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:335
msgid
""
"Allocates *nelem* elements each whose size in bytes is *elsize* and returns "
"a pointer of type :c:expr:`void*` to the allocated memory, or ``NULL`` if "
"the request fails. The memory is initialized to zeros."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:160
msgid
""
"Requesting zero elements or elements of size zero bytes returns a distinct "
"non-``NULL`` pointer if possible, as if ``PyMem_RawCalloc(1, 1)`` had been "
"called instead."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:169
../../c-api/memory.rst:240
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:348
msgid
""
"Resizes the memory block pointed to by *p* to *n* bytes. The contents will "
"be unchanged to the minimum of the old and the new sizes."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:172
msgid
""
"If *p* is ``NULL``, the call is equivalent to ``PyMem_RawMalloc(n)``; else "
"if *n* is equal to zero, the memory block is resized but is not freed, and "
"the returned pointer is non-``NULL``."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:176
msgid
""
"Unless *p* is ``NULL``, it must have been returned by a previous call to :c:"
"func:`PyMem_RawMalloc`, :c:func:`PyMem_RawRealloc` or :c:func:"
"`PyMem_RawCalloc`."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:180
msgid
""
"If the request fails, :c:func:`PyMem_RawRealloc` returns ``NULL`` and *p* "
"remains a valid pointer to the previous memory area."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:186
msgid
""
"Frees the memory block pointed to by *p*, which must have been returned by a "
"previous call to :c:func:`PyMem_RawMalloc`, :c:func:`PyMem_RawRealloc` or :c:"
"func:`PyMem_RawCalloc`. Otherwise, or if ``PyMem_RawFree(p)`` has been "
"called before, undefined behavior occurs."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:191
../../c-api/memory.rst:261
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:369
msgid
"If *p* is ``NULL``, no operation is performed."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:197
msgid
"Memory Interface"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:199
../../c-api/memory.rst:305
msgid
""
"The following function sets, modeled after the ANSI C standard, but "
"specifying behavior when requesting zero bytes, are available for allocating "
"and releasing memory from the Python heap."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:203
msgid
""
"The :ref:`default memory allocator <default-memory-allocators>` uses the :"
"ref:`pymalloc memory allocator <pymalloc>`."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:208
../../c-api/memory.rst:320
msgid
""
"The :term:`GIL <global interpreter lock>` must be held when using these "
"functions."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:213
msgid
""
"The default allocator is now pymalloc instead of system :c:func:`malloc`."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:220
msgid
""
"Requesting zero bytes returns a distinct non-``NULL`` pointer if possible, "
"as if ``PyMem_Malloc(1)`` had been called instead. The memory will not have "
"been initialized in any way."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:231
msgid
""
"Requesting zero elements or elements of size zero bytes returns a distinct "
"non-``NULL`` pointer if possible, as if ``PyMem_Calloc(1, 1)`` had been "
"called instead."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:243
msgid
""
"If *p* is ``NULL``, the call is equivalent to ``PyMem_Malloc(n)``; else if "
"*n* is equal to zero, the memory block is resized but is not freed, and the "
"returned pointer is non-``NULL``."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:247
msgid
""
"Unless *p* is ``NULL``, it must have been returned by a previous call to :c:"
"func:`PyMem_Malloc`, :c:func:`PyMem_Realloc` or :c:func:`PyMem_Calloc`."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:250
msgid
""
"If the request fails, :c:func:`PyMem_Realloc` returns ``NULL`` and *p* "
"remains a valid pointer to the previous memory area."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:256
msgid
""
"Frees the memory block pointed to by *p*, which must have been returned by a "
"previous call to :c:func:`PyMem_Malloc`, :c:func:`PyMem_Realloc` or :c:func:"
"`PyMem_Calloc`. Otherwise, or if ``PyMem_Free(p)`` has been called before, "
"undefined behavior occurs."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:263
msgid
""
"The following type-oriented macros are provided for convenience. Note that "
"*TYPE* refers to any C type."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:269
msgid
""
"Same as :c:func:`PyMem_Malloc`, but allocates ``(n * sizeof(TYPE))`` bytes "
"of memory. Returns a pointer cast to :c:expr:`TYPE*`. The memory will not "
"have been initialized in any way."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:276
msgid
""
"Same as :c:func:`PyMem_Realloc`, but the memory block is resized to ``(n * "
"sizeof(TYPE))`` bytes. Returns a pointer cast to :c:expr:`TYPE*`. On "
"return, *p* will be a pointer to the new memory area, or ``NULL`` in the "
"event of failure."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:281
msgid
""
"This is a C preprocessor macro; *p* is always reassigned. Save the original "
"value of *p* to avoid losing memory when handling errors."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:287
msgid
"Same as :c:func:`PyMem_Free`."
msgstr
"和 :c:func:`PyMem_Free` 相同。"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:289
msgid
""
"In addition, the following macro sets are provided for calling the Python "
"memory allocator directly, without involving the C API functions listed "
"above. However, note that their use does not preserve binary compatibility "
"across Python versions and is therefore deprecated in extension modules."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:294
msgid
"``PyMem_MALLOC(size)``"
msgstr
"``PyMem_MALLOC(size)``"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:295
msgid
"``PyMem_NEW(type, size)``"
msgstr
"``PyMem_NEW(type, size)``"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:296
msgid
"``PyMem_REALLOC(ptr, size)``"
msgstr
"``PyMem_REALLOC(ptr, size)``"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:297
msgid
"``PyMem_RESIZE(ptr, type, size)``"
msgstr
"``PyMem_RESIZE(ptr, type, size)``"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:298
msgid
"``PyMem_FREE(ptr)``"
msgstr
"``PyMem_FREE(ptr)``"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:299
msgid
"``PyMem_DEL(ptr)``"
msgstr
"``PyMem_DEL(ptr)``"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:303
msgid
"Object allocators"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:310
msgid
""
"There is no guarantee that the memory returned by these allocators can be "
"successfully cast to a Python object when intercepting the allocating "
"functions in this domain by the methods described in the :ref:`Customize "
"Memory Allocators <customize-memory-allocators>` section."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:315
msgid
""
"The :ref:`default object allocator <default-memory-allocators>` uses the :"
"ref:`pymalloc memory allocator <pymalloc>`."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:328
msgid
""
"Requesting zero bytes returns a distinct non-``NULL`` pointer if possible, "
"as if ``PyObject_Malloc(1)`` had been called instead. The memory will not "
"have been initialized in any way."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:339
msgid
""
"Requesting zero elements or elements of size zero bytes returns a distinct "
"non-``NULL`` pointer if possible, as if ``PyObject_Calloc(1, 1)`` had been "
"called instead."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:351
msgid
""
"If *p* is ``NULL``, the call is equivalent to ``PyObject_Malloc(n)``; else "
"if *n* is equal to zero, the memory block is resized but is not freed, and "
"the returned pointer is non-``NULL``."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:355
msgid
""
"Unless *p* is ``NULL``, it must have been returned by a previous call to :c:"
"func:`PyObject_Malloc`, :c:func:`PyObject_Realloc` or :c:func:"
"`PyObject_Calloc`."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:358
msgid
""
"If the request fails, :c:func:`PyObject_Realloc` returns ``NULL`` and *p* "
"remains a valid pointer to the previous memory area."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:364
msgid
""
"Frees the memory block pointed to by *p*, which must have been returned by a "
"previous call to :c:func:`PyObject_Malloc`, :c:func:`PyObject_Realloc` or :c:"
"func:`PyObject_Calloc`. Otherwise, or if ``PyObject_Free(p)`` has been "
"called before, undefined behavior occurs."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:375
msgid
"Default Memory Allocators"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:377
msgid
"Default memory allocators:"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:380
msgid
"Configuration"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:380
msgid
"Name"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:380
msgid
"PyMem_RawMalloc"
msgstr
"PyMem_RawMalloc"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:380
msgid
"PyMem_Malloc"
msgstr
"PyMem_Malloc"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:380
msgid
"PyObject_Malloc"
msgstr
"PyObject_Malloc"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:382
msgid
"Release build"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:382
msgid
"``
\"
pymalloc
\"
``"
msgstr
"``
\"
pymalloc
\"
``"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:382
../../c-api/memory.rst:384
msgid
"``malloc``"
msgstr
"``malloc``"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:382
msgid
"``pymalloc``"
msgstr
"``pymalloc``"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:383
msgid
"Debug build"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:383
msgid
"``
\"
pymalloc_debug
\"
``"
msgstr
"``
\"
pymalloc_debug
\"
``"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:383
../../c-api/memory.rst:385
msgid
"``malloc`` + debug"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:383
msgid
"``pymalloc`` + debug"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:384
msgid
"Release build, without pymalloc"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:384
msgid
"``
\"
malloc
\"
``"
msgstr
"``
\"
malloc
\"
``"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:385
msgid
"Debug build, without pymalloc"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:385
msgid
"``
\"
malloc_debug
\"
``"
msgstr
"``
\"
malloc_debug
\"
``"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:388
msgid
"Legend:"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:390
msgid
"Name: value for :envvar:`PYTHONMALLOC` environment variable."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:391
msgid
""
"``malloc``: system allocators from the standard C library, C functions: :c:"
"func:`malloc`, :c:func:`calloc`, :c:func:`realloc` and :c:func:`free`."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:393
msgid
"``pymalloc``: :ref:`pymalloc memory allocator <pymalloc>`."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:394
msgid
""
"
\"
+ debug
\"
: with :ref:`debug hooks on the Python memory allocators <pymem-"
"debug-hooks>`."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:396
msgid
"
\"
Debug build
\"
: :ref:`Python build in debug mode <debug-build>`."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:401
msgid
"Customize Memory Allocators"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:407
msgid
""
"Structure used to describe a memory block allocator. The structure has the "
"following fields:"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:411
../../c-api/memory.rst:657
msgid
"Field"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:411
../../c-api/memory.rst:657
msgid
"Meaning"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:413
../../c-api/memory.rst:659
msgid
"``void *ctx``"
msgstr
"``void *ctx``"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:413
../../c-api/memory.rst:659
msgid
"user context passed as first argument"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:415
msgid
"``void* malloc(void *ctx, size_t size)``"
msgstr
"``void* malloc(void *ctx, size_t size)``"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:415
msgid
"allocate a memory block"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:417
msgid
"``void* calloc(void *ctx, size_t nelem, size_t elsize)``"
msgstr
"``void* calloc(void *ctx, size_t nelem, size_t elsize)``"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:417
msgid
"allocate a memory block initialized with zeros"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:420
msgid
"``void* realloc(void *ctx, void *ptr, size_t new_size)``"
msgstr
"``void* realloc(void *ctx, void *ptr, size_t new_size)``"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:420
msgid
"allocate or resize a memory block"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:422
msgid
"``void free(void *ctx, void *ptr)``"
msgstr
"``void free(void *ctx, void *ptr)``"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:422
msgid
"free a memory block"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:425
msgid
""
"The :c:type:`!PyMemAllocator` structure was renamed to :c:type:"
"`PyMemAllocatorEx` and a new ``calloc`` field was added."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:432
msgid
"Enum used to identify an allocator domain. Domains:"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:438
../../c-api/memory.rst:447
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:456
msgid
"Functions:"
msgstr
"函式："
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:440
msgid
":c:func:`PyMem_RawMalloc`"
msgstr
":c:func:`PyMem_RawMalloc`"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:441
msgid
":c:func:`PyMem_RawRealloc`"
msgstr
":c:func:`PyMem_RawRealloc`"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:442
msgid
":c:func:`PyMem_RawCalloc`"
msgstr
":c:func:`PyMem_RawCalloc`"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:443
msgid
":c:func:`PyMem_RawFree`"
msgstr
":c:func:`PyMem_RawFree`"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:449
msgid
":c:func:`PyMem_Malloc`,"
msgstr
":c:func:`PyMem_Malloc`,"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:450
msgid
":c:func:`PyMem_Realloc`"
msgstr
":c:func:`PyMem_Realloc`"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:451
msgid
":c:func:`PyMem_Calloc`"
msgstr
":c:func:`PyMem_Calloc`"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:452
msgid
":c:func:`PyMem_Free`"
msgstr
":c:func:`PyMem_Free`"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:458
msgid
":c:func:`PyObject_Malloc`"
msgstr
":c:func:`PyObject_Malloc`"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:459
msgid
":c:func:`PyObject_Realloc`"
msgstr
":c:func:`PyObject_Realloc`"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:460
msgid
":c:func:`PyObject_Calloc`"
msgstr
":c:func:`PyObject_Calloc`"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:461
msgid
":c:func:`PyObject_Free`"
msgstr
":c:func:`PyObject_Free`"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:465
msgid
"Get the memory block allocator of the specified domain."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:470
msgid
"Set the memory block allocator of the specified domain."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:472
msgid
""
"The new allocator must return a distinct non-``NULL`` pointer when "
"requesting zero bytes."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:475
msgid
""
"For the :c:macro:`PYMEM_DOMAIN_RAW` domain, the allocator must be thread-"
"safe: the :term:`GIL <global interpreter lock>` is not held when the "
"allocator is called."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:479
msgid
""
"For the remaining domains, the allocator must also be thread-safe: the "
"allocator may be called in different interpreters that do not share a "
"``GIL``."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:483
msgid
""
"If the new allocator is not a hook (does not call the previous allocator), "
"the :c:func:`PyMem_SetupDebugHooks` function must be called to reinstall the "
"debug hooks on top on the new allocator."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:487
msgid
""
"See also :c:member:`PyPreConfig.allocator` and :ref:`Preinitialize Python "
"with PyPreConfig <c-preinit>`."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:492
msgid
":c:func:`PyMem_SetAllocator` does have the following contract:"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:494
msgid
""
"It can be called after :c:func:`Py_PreInitialize` and before :c:func:"
"`Py_InitializeFromConfig` to install a custom memory allocator. There are no "
"restrictions over the installed allocator other than the ones imposed by the "
"domain (for instance, the Raw Domain allows the allocator to be called "
"without the GIL held). See :ref:`the section on allocator domains <allocator-"
"domains>` for more information."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:502
msgid
""
"If called after Python has finish initializing (after :c:func:"
"`Py_InitializeFromConfig` has been called) the allocator **must** wrap the "
"existing allocator. Substituting the current allocator for some other "
"arbitrary one is **not supported**."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:507
msgid
"All allocators must be thread-safe."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:513
msgid
""
"Setup :ref:`debug hooks in the Python memory allocators <pymem-debug-hooks>` "
"to detect memory errors."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:520
msgid
"Debug hooks on the Python memory allocators"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:522
msgid
""
"When :ref:`Python is built in debug mode <debug-build>`, the :c:func:"
"`PyMem_SetupDebugHooks` function is called at the :ref:`Python "
"preinitialization <c-preinit>` to setup debug hooks on Python memory "
"allocators to detect memory errors."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:527
msgid
""
"The :envvar:`PYTHONMALLOC` environment variable can be used to install debug "
"hooks on a Python compiled in release mode (ex: ``PYTHONMALLOC=debug``)."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:530
msgid
""
"The :c:func:`PyMem_SetupDebugHooks` function can be used to set debug hooks "
"after calling :c:func:`PyMem_SetAllocator`."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:533
msgid
""
"These debug hooks fill dynamically allocated memory blocks with special, "
"recognizable bit patterns. Newly allocated memory is filled with the byte "
"``0xCD`` (``PYMEM_CLEANBYTE``), freed memory is filled with the byte "
"``0xDD`` (``PYMEM_DEADBYTE``). Memory blocks are surrounded by
\"
forbidden "
"bytes
\"
filled with the byte ``0xFD`` (``PYMEM_FORBIDDENBYTE``). Strings of "
"these bytes are unlikely to be valid addresses, floats, or ASCII strings."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:540
msgid
"Runtime checks:"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:542
msgid
""
"Detect API violations. For example, detect if :c:func:`PyObject_Free` is "
"called on a memory block allocated by :c:func:`PyMem_Malloc`."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:544
msgid
"Detect write before the start of the buffer (buffer underflow)."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:545
msgid
"Detect write after the end of the buffer (buffer overflow)."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:546
msgid
""
"Check that the :term:`GIL <global interpreter lock>` is held when allocator "
"functions of :c:macro:`PYMEM_DOMAIN_OBJ` (ex: :c:func:`PyObject_Malloc`) "
"and :c:macro:`PYMEM_DOMAIN_MEM` (ex: :c:func:`PyMem_Malloc`) domains are "
"called."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:551
msgid
""
"On error, the debug hooks use the :mod:`tracemalloc` module to get the "
"traceback where a memory block was allocated. The traceback is only "
"displayed if :mod:`tracemalloc` is tracing Python memory allocations and the "
"memory block was traced."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:556
msgid
""
"Let *S* = ``sizeof(size_t)``. ``2*S`` bytes are added at each end of each "
"block of *N* bytes requested. The memory layout is like so, where p "
"represents the address returned by a malloc-like or realloc-like function "
"(``p[i:j]`` means the slice of bytes from ``*(p+i)`` inclusive up to "
"``*(p+j)`` exclusive; note that the treatment of negative indices differs "
"from a Python slice):"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:563
msgid
"``p[-2*S:-S]``"
msgstr
"``p[-2*S:-S]``"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:563
msgid
""
"Number of bytes originally asked for. This is a size_t, big-endian (easier "
"to read in a memory dump)."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:570
msgid
"``p[-S]``"
msgstr
"``p[-S]``"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:566
msgid
"API identifier (ASCII character):"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:568
msgid
"``'r'`` for :c:macro:`PYMEM_DOMAIN_RAW`."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:569
msgid
"``'m'`` for :c:macro:`PYMEM_DOMAIN_MEM`."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:570
msgid
"``'o'`` for :c:macro:`PYMEM_DOMAIN_OBJ`."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:573
msgid
"``p[-S+1:0]``"
msgstr
"``p[-S+1:0]``"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:573
msgid
"Copies of PYMEM_FORBIDDENBYTE. Used to catch under- writes and reads."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:582
msgid
"``p[0:N]``"
msgstr
"``p[0:N]``"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:576
msgid
""
"The requested memory, filled with copies of PYMEM_CLEANBYTE, used to catch "
"reference to uninitialized memory. When a realloc-like function is called "
"requesting a larger memory block, the new excess bytes are also filled with "
"PYMEM_CLEANBYTE. When a free-like function is called, these are overwritten "
"with PYMEM_DEADBYTE, to catch reference to freed memory. When a realloc- "
"like function is called requesting a smaller memory block, the excess old "
"bytes are also filled with PYMEM_DEADBYTE."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:585
msgid
"``p[N:N+S]``"
msgstr
"``p[N:N+S]``"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:585
msgid
"Copies of PYMEM_FORBIDDENBYTE. Used to catch over- writes and reads."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:596
msgid
"``p[N+S:N+2*S]``"
msgstr
"``p[N+S:N+2*S]``"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:588
msgid
""
"Only used if the ``PYMEM_DEBUG_SERIALNO`` macro is defined (not defined by "
"default)."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:591
msgid
""
"A serial number, incremented by 1 on each call to a malloc-like or realloc-"
"like function. Big-endian :c:type:`size_t`. If
\"
bad memory
\"
is detected "
"later, the serial number gives an excellent way to set a breakpoint on the "
"next run, to capture the instant at which this block was passed out. The "
"static function bumpserialno() in obmalloc.c is the only place the serial "
"number is incremented, and exists so you can set such a breakpoint easily."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:598
msgid
""
"A realloc-like or free-like function first checks that the "
"PYMEM_FORBIDDENBYTE bytes at each end are intact. If they've been altered, "
"diagnostic output is written to stderr, and the program is aborted via "
"Py_FatalError(). The other main failure mode is provoking a memory error "
"when a program reads up one of the special bit patterns and tries to use it "
"as an address. If you get in a debugger then and look at the object, you're "
"likely to see that it's entirely filled with PYMEM_DEADBYTE (meaning freed "
"memory is getting used) or PYMEM_CLEANBYTE (meaning uninitialized memory is "
"getting used)."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:607
msgid
""
"The :c:func:`PyMem_SetupDebugHooks` function now also works on Python "
"compiled in release mode. On error, the debug hooks now use :mod:"
"`tracemalloc` to get the traceback where a memory block was allocated. The "
"debug hooks now also check if the GIL is held when functions of :c:macro:"
"`PYMEM_DOMAIN_OBJ` and :c:macro:`PYMEM_DOMAIN_MEM` domains are called."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:615
msgid
""
"Byte patterns ``0xCB`` (``PYMEM_CLEANBYTE``), ``0xDB`` (``PYMEM_DEADBYTE``) "
"and ``0xFB`` (``PYMEM_FORBIDDENBYTE``) have been replaced with ``0xCD``, "
"``0xDD`` and ``0xFD`` to use the same values than Windows CRT debug "
"``malloc()`` and ``free()``."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:625
msgid
"The pymalloc allocator"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:627
msgid
""
"Python has a *pymalloc* allocator optimized for small objects (smaller or "
"equal to 512 bytes) with a short lifetime. It uses memory mappings called "
"
\"
arenas
\"
with a fixed size of 256 KiB. It falls back to :c:func:"
"`PyMem_RawMalloc` and :c:func:`PyMem_RawRealloc` for allocations larger than "
"512 bytes."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:632
msgid
""
"*pymalloc* is the :ref:`default allocator <default-memory-allocators>` of "
"the :c:macro:`PYMEM_DOMAIN_MEM` (ex: :c:func:`PyMem_Malloc`) and :c:macro:"
"`PYMEM_DOMAIN_OBJ` (ex: :c:func:`PyObject_Malloc`) domains."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:636
msgid
"The arena allocator uses the following functions:"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:638
msgid
":c:func:`!VirtualAlloc` and :c:func:`!VirtualFree` on Windows,"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:639
msgid
":c:func:`!mmap` and :c:func:`!munmap` if available,"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:640
msgid
":c:func:`malloc` and :c:func:`free` otherwise."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:642
msgid
""
"This allocator is disabled if Python is configured with the :option:`--"
"without-pymalloc` option. It can also be disabled at runtime using the :"
"envvar:`PYTHONMALLOC` environment variable (ex: ``PYTHONMALLOC=malloc``)."
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:647
msgid
"Customize pymalloc Arena Allocator"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:653
msgid
""
"Structure used to describe an arena allocator. The structure has three "
"fields:"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:661
msgid
"``void* alloc(void *ctx, size_t size)``"
msgstr
"``void* alloc(void *ctx, size_t size)``"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:661
msgid
"allocate an arena of size bytes"
msgstr
""
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:663
msgid
"``void free(void *ctx, void *ptr, size_t size)``"
msgstr
"``void free(void *ctx, void *ptr, size_t size)``"
#:
../../c-api/memory.rst:663
msgid
"free an arena"
msgstr
""
View remainder of file in raw view
Back
|
FazBrowse Home
|
New Git URL