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# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.

# This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.

# Translators:

msgid ""

msgstr ""

"Project-Id-Version: Python 3.12\n"

"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"

"POT-Creation-Date: 2023-07-17 17:39+0800\n"

"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-05-23 16:17+0000\n"

"Last-Translator: Adrian Liaw <adrianliaw2000@gmail.com>\n"

"Language-Team: Chinese - TAIWAN (https://github.com/python/python-docs-zh-"

"tw)\n"

"Language: zh_TW\n"

"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"

"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"

"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"

"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n"

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:6

msgid "Execution model"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:15

msgid "Structure of a program"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:19

msgid ""

"A Python program is constructed from code blocks. A :dfn:`block` is a piece "

"of Python program text that is executed as a unit. The following are blocks: "

"a module, a function body, and a class definition. Each command typed "

"interactively is a block. A script file (a file given as standard input to "

"the interpreter or specified as a command line argument to the interpreter) "

"is a code block. A script command (a command specified on the interpreter "

"command line with the :option:`-c` option) is a code block. A module run as "

"a top level script (as module ``__main__``) from the command line using a :"

"option:`-m` argument is also a code block. The string argument passed to the "

"built-in functions :func:`eval` and :func:`exec` is a code block."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:33

msgid ""

"A code block is executed in an :dfn:`execution frame`. A frame contains "

"some administrative information (used for debugging) and determines where "

"and how execution continues after the code block's execution has completed."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:40

msgid "Naming and binding"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:49

msgid "Binding of names"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:55

msgid ""

":dfn:`Names` refer to objects. Names are introduced by name binding "

"operations."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:59

msgid "The following constructs bind names:"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:61

msgid "formal parameters to functions,"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:62

msgid "class definitions,"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:63

msgid "function definitions,"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:64

msgid "assignment expressions,"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:65

msgid ""

":ref:`targets <assignment>` that are identifiers if occurring in an "

"assignment:"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:68

msgid ":keyword:`for` loop header,"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:69

msgid ""

"after :keyword:`!as` in a :keyword:`with` statement, :keyword:`except` "

"clause, :keyword:`except* <except_star>` clause, or in the as-pattern in "

"structural pattern matching,"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:71

msgid "in a capture pattern in structural pattern matching"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:73

msgid ":keyword:`import` statements."

msgstr ":keyword:`import` 陳述式。"

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:74

msgid ":keyword:`type` statements."

msgstr ":keyword:`type` 陳述式。"

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:75

msgid ":ref:`type parameter lists <type-params>`."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:77

msgid ""

"The :keyword:`!import` statement of the form ``from ... import *`` binds all "

"names defined in the imported module, except those beginning with an "

"underscore. This form may only be used at the module level."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:81

msgid ""

"A target occurring in a :keyword:`del` statement is also considered bound "

"for this purpose (though the actual semantics are to unbind the name)."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:84

msgid ""

"Each assignment or import statement occurs within a block defined by a class "

"or function definition or at the module level (the top-level code block)."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:89

msgid ""

"If a name is bound in a block, it is a local variable of that block, unless "

"declared as :keyword:`nonlocal` or :keyword:`global`. If a name is bound at "

"the module level, it is a global variable. (The variables of the module "

"code block are local and global.) If a variable is used in a code block but "

"not defined there, it is a :dfn:`free variable`."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:95

msgid ""

"Each occurrence of a name in the program text refers to the :dfn:`binding` "

"of that name established by the following name resolution rules."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:101

msgid "Resolution of names"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:105

msgid ""

"A :dfn:`scope` defines the visibility of a name within a block. If a local "

"variable is defined in a block, its scope includes that block. If the "

"definition occurs in a function block, the scope extends to any blocks "

"contained within the defining one, unless a contained block introduces a "

"different binding for the name."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:113

msgid ""

"When a name is used in a code block, it is resolved using the nearest "

"enclosing scope. The set of all such scopes visible to a code block is "

"called the block's :dfn:`environment`."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:121

msgid ""

"When a name is not found at all, a :exc:`NameError` exception is raised. If "

"the current scope is a function scope, and the name refers to a local "

"variable that has not yet been bound to a value at the point where the name "

"is used, an :exc:`UnboundLocalError` exception is raised. :exc:"

"`UnboundLocalError` is a subclass of :exc:`NameError`."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:127

msgid ""

"If a name binding operation occurs anywhere within a code block, all uses of "

"the name within the block are treated as references to the current block. "

"This can lead to errors when a name is used within a block before it is "

"bound. This rule is subtle. Python lacks declarations and allows name "

"binding operations to occur anywhere within a code block. The local "

"variables of a code block can be determined by scanning the entire text of "

"the block for name binding operations. See :ref:`the FAQ entry on "

"UnboundLocalError <faq-unboundlocalerror>` for examples."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:136

msgid ""

"If the :keyword:`global` statement occurs within a block, all uses of the "

"names specified in the statement refer to the bindings of those names in the "

"top-level namespace. Names are resolved in the top-level namespace by "

"searching the global namespace, i.e. the namespace of the module containing "

"the code block, and the builtins namespace, the namespace of the module :mod:"

"`builtins`. The global namespace is searched first. If the names are not "

"found there, the builtins namespace is searched. The :keyword:`!global` "

"statement must precede all uses of the listed names."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:145

msgid ""

"The :keyword:`global` statement has the same scope as a name binding "

"operation in the same block. If the nearest enclosing scope for a free "

"variable contains a global statement, the free variable is treated as a "

"global."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:151

msgid ""

"The :keyword:`nonlocal` statement causes corresponding names to refer to "

"previously bound variables in the nearest enclosing function scope. :exc:"

"`SyntaxError` is raised at compile time if the given name does not exist in "

"any enclosing function scope. :ref:`Type parameters <type-params>` cannot be "

"rebound with the :keyword:`!nonlocal` statement."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:159

msgid ""

"The namespace for a module is automatically created the first time a module "

"is imported. The main module for a script is always called :mod:`__main__`."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:162

msgid ""

"Class definition blocks and arguments to :func:`exec` and :func:`eval` are "

"special in the context of name resolution. A class definition is an "

"executable statement that may use and define names. These references follow "

"the normal rules for name resolution with an exception that unbound local "

"variables are looked up in the global namespace. The namespace of the class "

"definition becomes the attribute dictionary of the class. The scope of names "

"defined in a class block is limited to the class block; it does not extend "

"to the code blocks of methods. This includes comprehensions and generator "

"expressions, but it does not include :ref:`annotation scopes <annotation-"

"scopes>`, which have access to their enclosing class scopes. This means that "

"the following will fail::"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:179

msgid "However, the following will succeed::"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:190

msgid "Annotation scopes"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:192

msgid ""

":ref:`Type parameter lists <type-params>` and :keyword:`type` statements "

"introduce *annotation scopes*, which behave mostly like function scopes, but "

"with some exceptions discussed below. :term:`Annotations <annotation>` "

"currently do not use annotation scopes, but they are expected to use "

"annotation scopes in Python 3.13 when :pep:`649` is implemented."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:198

msgid "Annotation scopes are used in the following contexts:"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:200

msgid ""

"Type parameter lists for :ref:`generic type aliases <generic-type-aliases>`."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:201

msgid ""

"Type parameter lists for :ref:`generic functions <generic-functions>`. A "

"generic function's annotations are executed within the annotation scope, but "

"its defaults and decorators are not."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:204

msgid ""

"Type parameter lists for :ref:`generic classes <generic-classes>`. A generic "

"class's base classes and keyword arguments are executed within the "

"annotation scope, but its decorators are not."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:207

msgid ""

"The bounds and constraints for type variables (:ref:`lazily evaluated <lazy-"

"evaluation>`)."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:209

msgid "The value of type aliases (:ref:`lazily evaluated <lazy-evaluation>`)."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:211

msgid "Annotation scopes differ from function scopes in the following ways:"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:213

msgid ""

"Annotation scopes have access to their enclosing class namespace. If an "

"annotation scope is immediately within a class scope, or within another "

"annotation scope that is immediately within a class scope, the code in the "

"annotation scope can use names defined in the class scope as if it were "

"executed directly within the class body. This contrasts with regular "

"functions defined within classes, which cannot access names defined in the "

"class scope."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:219

msgid ""

"Expressions in annotation scopes cannot contain :keyword:`yield`, ``yield "

"from``, :keyword:`await`, or :token:`:= <python-grammar:"

"assignment_expression>` expressions. (These expressions are allowed in other "

"scopes contained within the annotation scope.)"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:223

msgid ""

"Names defined in annotation scopes cannot be rebound with :keyword:"

"`nonlocal` statements in inner scopes. This includes only type parameters, "

"as no other syntactic elements that can appear within annotation scopes can "

"introduce new names."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:226

msgid ""

"While annotation scopes have an internal name, that name is not reflected in "

"the :term:`__qualname__ <qualified name>` of objects defined within the "

"scope. Instead, the :attr:`!__qualname__` of such objects is as if the "

"object were defined in the enclosing scope."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:231

msgid "Annotation scopes were introduced in Python 3.12 as part of :pep:`695`."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:237

msgid "Lazy evaluation"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:239

msgid ""

"The values of type aliases created through the :keyword:`type` statement are "

"*lazily evaluated*. The same applies to the bounds and constraints of type "

"variables created through the :ref:`type parameter syntax <type-params>`. "

"This means that they are not evaluated when the type alias or type variable "

"is created. Instead, they are only evaluated when doing so is necessary to "

"resolve an attribute access."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:246

msgid "Example:"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:262

msgid ""

"Here the exception is raised only when the ``__value__`` attribute of the "

"type alias or the ``__bound__`` attribute of the type variable is accessed."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:266

msgid ""

"This behavior is primarily useful for references to types that have not yet "

"been defined when the type alias or type variable is created. For example, "

"lazy evaluation enables creation of mutually recursive type aliases::"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:276

msgid ""

"Lazily evaluated values are evaluated in :ref:`annotation scope <annotation-"

"scopes>`, which means that names that appear inside the lazily evaluated "

"value are looked up as if they were used in the immediately enclosing scope."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:285

msgid "Builtins and restricted execution"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:291

msgid ""

"Users should not touch ``__builtins__``; it is strictly an implementation "

"detail. Users wanting to override values in the builtins namespace should :"

"keyword:`import` the :mod:`builtins` module and modify its attributes "

"appropriately."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:296

msgid ""

"The builtins namespace associated with the execution of a code block is "

"actually found by looking up the name ``__builtins__`` in its global "

"namespace; this should be a dictionary or a module (in the latter case the "

"module's dictionary is used). By default, when in the :mod:`__main__` "

"module, ``__builtins__`` is the built-in module :mod:`builtins`; when in any "

"other module, ``__builtins__`` is an alias for the dictionary of the :mod:"

"`builtins` module itself."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:308

msgid "Interaction with dynamic features"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:310

msgid ""

"Name resolution of free variables occurs at runtime, not at compile time. "

"This means that the following code will print 42::"

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:321

msgid ""

"The :func:`eval` and :func:`exec` functions do not have access to the full "

"environment for resolving names. Names may be resolved in the local and "

"global namespaces of the caller. Free variables are not resolved in the "

"nearest enclosing namespace, but in the global namespace. [#]_ The :func:"

"`exec` and :func:`eval` functions have optional arguments to override the "

"global and local namespace. If only one namespace is specified, it is used "

"for both."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:332

msgid "Exceptions"

msgstr "例外"

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:343

msgid ""

"Exceptions are a means of breaking out of the normal flow of control of a "

"code block in order to handle errors or other exceptional conditions. An "

"exception is *raised* at the point where the error is detected; it may be "

"*handled* by the surrounding code block or by any code block that directly "

"or indirectly invoked the code block where the error occurred."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:349

msgid ""

"The Python interpreter raises an exception when it detects a run-time error "

"(such as division by zero). A Python program can also explicitly raise an "

"exception with the :keyword:`raise` statement. Exception handlers are "

"specified with the :keyword:`try` ... :keyword:`except` statement. The :"

"keyword:`finally` clause of such a statement can be used to specify cleanup "

"code which does not handle the exception, but is executed whether an "

"exception occurred or not in the preceding code."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:359

msgid ""

"Python uses the \"termination\" model of error handling: an exception "

"handler can find out what happened and continue execution at an outer level, "

"but it cannot repair the cause of the error and retry the failing operation "

"(except by re-entering the offending piece of code from the top)."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:366

msgid ""

"When an exception is not handled at all, the interpreter terminates "

"execution of the program, or returns to its interactive main loop. In "

"either case, it prints a stack traceback, except when the exception is :exc:"

"`SystemExit`."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:370

msgid ""

"Exceptions are identified by class instances. The :keyword:`except` clause "

"is selected depending on the class of the instance: it must reference the "

"class of the instance or a :term:`non-virtual base class <abstract base "

"class>` thereof. The instance can be received by the handler and can carry "

"additional information about the exceptional condition."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:378

msgid ""

"Exception messages are not part of the Python API. Their contents may "

"change from one version of Python to the next without warning and should not "

"be relied on by code which will run under multiple versions of the "

"interpreter."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:382

msgid ""

"See also the description of the :keyword:`try` statement in section :ref:"

"`try` and :keyword:`raise` statement in section :ref:`raise`."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:387

msgid "Footnotes"

msgstr "註解"

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:388

msgid ""

"This limitation occurs because the code that is executed by these operations "

"is not available at the time the module is compiled."

msgstr ""

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:8

msgid "execution model"

msgstr "execution model（執行模型）"

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:8

msgid "code"

msgstr "code（程式碼）"

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:8 ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:17

msgid "block"

msgstr "block"

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:31 ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:287

msgid "execution"

msgstr "execution（執行）"

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:31

msgid "frame"

msgstr "frame"

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:42

msgid "namespace"

msgstr "namespace（命名空間）"

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:42 ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:103

msgid "scope"

msgstr "scope（作用域）"

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:51

msgid "name"

msgstr "name（名稱）"

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:51

msgid "binding"

msgstr "binding（繫結）"

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:57

msgid "from"

msgstr "from"

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:57

msgid "import statement"

msgstr "import statement（引入陳述式）"

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:87

msgid "free"

msgstr "free"

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:87

msgid "variable"

msgstr "variable（變數）"

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:111

msgid "environment"

msgstr "environment（環境）"

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:117

msgid "NameError (built-in exception)"

msgstr "NameError（內建例外）"

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:117

msgid "UnboundLocalError"

msgstr "UnboundLocalError"

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:157

msgid "module"

msgstr "module（模組）"

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:157

msgid "__main__"

msgstr "__main__"

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:287

msgid "restricted"

msgstr "restricted（受限）"

#: ../../reference/executionmodel.rst:334

msgid "exception"

msgstr "exception（例外）"