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# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.

# This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.

# Translators:

# woodrow-shen <woodrow.shen@gmail.com>, 2016

# machineCYC, 2018

# Steven Hsu <hsuhaochun@gmail.com>, 2021

msgid ""

msgstr ""

"Project-Id-Version: Python 3.10\n"

"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"

"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-06-26 18:54+0800\n"

"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-06-19 14:24+0800\n"

"Last-Translator: Adrian Liaw <adrianliaw2000@gmail.com>\n"

"Language-Team: Chinese - TAIWAN (https://github.com/python/python-docs-zh-"

"tw)\n"

"Language: zh_TW\n"

"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"

"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"

"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"

"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n"

"X-Generator: Poedit 2.4.3\n"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:5

msgid "Brief Tour of the Standard Library --- Part II"

msgstr "Python 標準函式庫概覽——第二部份"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:7

msgid ""

"This second tour covers more advanced modules that support professional "

"programming needs. These modules rarely occur in small scripts."

msgstr ""

"第二部分涵蓋更多支援專業程式設計所需要的進階模組。這些模組很少出現在小腳本"

"中。"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:14

msgid "Output Formatting"

msgstr "輸出格式化 (Output Formatting)"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:16

msgid ""

"The :mod:`reprlib` module provides a version of :func:`repr` customized for "

"abbreviated displays of large or deeply nested containers::"

msgstr ""

":mod:`reprlib` 模組提供了一個 :func:`repr` 的版本，專門用來以簡短的形式顯示大"

"型或深層的巢狀容器：\n"

"\n"

"::"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:23

msgid ""

"The :mod:`pprint` module offers more sophisticated control over printing "

"both built-in and user defined objects in a way that is readable by the "

"interpreter. When the result is longer than one line, the \"pretty printer\" "

"adds line breaks and indentation to more clearly reveal data structure::"

msgstr ""

":mod:`pprint` 模組能對內建和使用者自定的物件提供更複雜的列印控制，並且是以直"

"譯器可讀的方式。當結果超過一行時，「漂亮的印表機」會加入換行和縮排，以更清楚"

"地顯示資料結構：\n"

"\n"

"::"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:39

msgid ""

"The :mod:`textwrap` module formats paragraphs of text to fit a given screen "

"width::"

msgstr ""

":mod:`textwrap` 模組能夠格式化文本的段落，以符合指定的螢幕寬度：\n"

"\n"

"::"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:53

msgid ""

"The :mod:`locale` module accesses a database of culture specific data "

"formats. The grouping attribute of locale's format function provides a "

"direct way of formatting numbers with group separators::"

msgstr ""

":mod:`locale` 模組能存取一個含有特定文化相關資料格式的資料庫。locale 模組的 "

"format 函式有一個 grouping 屬性，可直接以群分隔符 (group separator) 將數字格"

"式化：\n"

"\n"

"::"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:72

msgid "Templating"

msgstr "模板化 (Templating)"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:74

msgid ""

"The :mod:`string` module includes a versatile :class:`~string.Template` "

"class with a simplified syntax suitable for editing by end-users. This "

"allows users to customize their applications without having to alter the "

"application."

msgstr ""

":mod:`string` 模組包含一個多功能的 :class:`~string.Template` class，提供的簡化語法"

"適合使用者進行編輯時使用。它容許使用者客製化自己的應用程式，但不必對原應用程"

"式做出變更。"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:78

msgid ""

"The format uses placeholder names formed by ``$`` with valid Python "

"identifiers (alphanumeric characters and underscores). Surrounding the "

"placeholder with braces allows it to be followed by more alphanumeric "

"letters with no intervening spaces. Writing ``$$`` creates a single escaped "

"``$``::"

msgstr ""

"格式化方式是使用佔位符號名稱 (placeholder name)，它是由 ``$`` 加上合法的 "

"Python 識別符（字母、數字和下底線）構成。使用大括號包覆佔位符號以允許"

"在後面接上更多的字母和數字而無需插入空格。使用 ``$$`` 將會跳脫為單一字元 `"

"$`：\n"

"\n"

"::"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:88

msgid ""

"The :meth:`~string.Template.substitute` method raises a :exc:`KeyError` when "

"a placeholder is not supplied in a dictionary or a keyword argument. For "

"mail-merge style applications, user supplied data may be incomplete and the :"

"meth:`~string.Template.safe_substitute` method may be more appropriate --- "

"it will leave placeholders unchanged if data is missing::"

msgstr ""

"如果在 dictionary 或關鍵字引數中未提供某個佔位符號的值，那麼 :meth:`~string."

"Template.substitute` method 將引發 :exc:`KeyError`\\ 。對於郵件合併 (mail-"

"merge) 類型的應用程式，使用者提供的資料有可能是不完整的，此時使用 :meth:"

"`~string.Template.safe_substitute` method 會更適當——如果資料有缺少，它會保持"

"佔位符號不變：\n"

"\n"

"::"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:103

msgid ""

"Template subclasses can specify a custom delimiter. For example, a batch "

"renaming utility for a photo browser may elect to use percent signs for "

"placeholders such as the current date, image sequence number, or file "

"format::"

msgstr ""

"Template 的 subclass（子類別）可以指定自訂的分隔符號 (delimiter)。例如，一個"

"相片瀏覽器的批次重新命名功能，可以選擇用百分號作為現在日期、照片序號或檔案格"

"式的佔位符號：\n"

"\n"

"::"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:125

msgid ""

"Another application for templating is separating program logic from the "

"details of multiple output formats. This makes it possible to substitute "

"custom templates for XML files, plain text reports, and HTML web reports."

msgstr ""

"模板化的另一個應用，是將程式邏輯與多樣的輸出格式細節分離開來。這樣就可以為 "

"XML 檔案、純文字報表和 HTML 網路報表替換自訂的模板。"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:133

msgid "Working with Binary Data Record Layouts"

msgstr "二進制資料記錄編排 (Binary Data Record Layouts) "

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:135

msgid ""

"The :mod:`struct` module provides :func:`~struct.pack` and :func:`~struct."

"unpack` functions for working with variable length binary record formats. "

"The following example shows how to loop through header information in a ZIP "

"file without using the :mod:`zipfile` module. Pack codes ``\"H\"`` and ``\"I"

"\"`` represent two and four byte unsigned numbers respectively. The ``\"<"

"\"`` indicates that they are standard size and in little-endian byte order::"

msgstr ""

":mod:`struct` 模組提供了 :func:`~struct.pack` 和 :func:`~struct.unpack` 函"

"式，用於處理可變動長度的二進制記錄格式。以下範例說明，如何在不使用 :mod:"

"`zipfile` 模組的情況下，使用迴圈瀏覽一個 ZIP 檔案中的標頭資訊 (header "

"information)。壓縮程式碼 ``\"H\"`` 和 ``\"I\"`` 分別代表兩個和四個位元組的無"

"符號數 (unsigned number)。\\ ``\"<\"`` 表示它們是標準大小，並使用小端 "

"(little-endian) 位元組順序：\n"

"\n"

"::"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:166

msgid "Multi-threading"

msgstr "多執行緒 (Multi-threading)"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:168

msgid ""

"Threading is a technique for decoupling tasks which are not sequentially "

"dependent. Threads can be used to improve the responsiveness of "

"applications that accept user input while other tasks run in the "

"background. A related use case is running I/O in parallel with computations "

"in another thread."

msgstr ""

"執行緒是一種用來對非順序相依 (sequentially dependent) 的多個任務進"

"行解耦 (decoupling) 的技術。當其他任務在背景執行時，多執行緒可以用來提升應用程式在接"

"收使用者輸入時的反應能力。一個相關的用例是，運行 I/O 的同時，在另一個執行緒中"

"進行計算。"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:173

msgid ""

"The following code shows how the high level :mod:`threading` module can run "

"tasks in background while the main program continues to run::"

msgstr ""

"以下程式碼顯示了高階的 :mod:`threading` 模組如何在背景運行任務，而主程式同時"

"繼續運行：\n"

"\n"

"::"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:197

msgid ""

"The principal challenge of multi-threaded applications is coordinating "

"threads that share data or other resources. To that end, the threading "

"module provides a number of synchronization primitives including locks, "

"events, condition variables, and semaphores."

msgstr ""

"多執行緒應用程式的主要挑戰是，要協調多個彼此共享資料或資源的執行緒。為此，"

"threading 模組提供了多個同步處理原始物件 (synchronization primitive)，包括鎖 "

"(lock)、事件 (event)、條件變數 (condition variable) 和號誌 (semaphore)。"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:202

msgid ""

"While those tools are powerful, minor design errors can result in problems "

"that are difficult to reproduce. So, the preferred approach to task "

"coordination is to concentrate all access to a resource in a single thread "

"and then use the :mod:`queue` module to feed that thread with requests from "

"other threads. Applications using :class:`~queue.Queue` objects for inter-"

"thread communication and coordination are easier to design, more readable, "

"and more reliable."

msgstr ""

"儘管這些工具很強大，但很小的設計錯誤也可能導致一些難以重現的問題。所以，任務"

"協調的首選方法是，把所有對資源的存取集中到單一的執行緒中，然後使用 :mod:"

"`queue` 模組向該執行緒饋送來自其他執行緒的請求。應用程式若使用 :class:"

"`~queue.Queue` 物件進行執行緒間的通信和協調，會更易於設計、更易讀、更可靠。"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:213

msgid "Logging"

msgstr "日誌記錄 (Logging)"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:215

msgid ""

"The :mod:`logging` module offers a full featured and flexible logging "

"system. At its simplest, log messages are sent to a file or to ``sys."

"stderr``::"

msgstr ""

":mod:`logging` 模組提供功能齊全且富彈性的日誌記錄系統。在最簡單的情況下，日誌"

"訊息會被發送到檔案或 ``sys.stderr``：\n"

"\n"

"::"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:225

msgid "This produces the following output:"

msgstr "這會產生以下輸出："

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:233

msgid ""

"By default, informational and debugging messages are suppressed and the "

"output is sent to standard error. Other output options include routing "

"messages through email, datagrams, sockets, or to an HTTP Server. New "

"filters can select different routing based on message priority: :const:"

"`~logging.DEBUG`, :const:`~logging.INFO`, :const:`~logging.WARNING`, :const:"

"`~logging.ERROR`, and :const:`~logging.CRITICAL`."

msgstr ""

"在預設情況，資訊和除錯訊息不會被顯示，其輸出會被發送到標準錯誤 (standard "

"error)。其他輸出選項包括，將訊息轉發到電子郵件、資料報 (datagram)、網路插座 "

"(socket) 或 HTTP 伺服器。新的過濾器可以根據訊息的優先順序，選擇不同的路由 "

"(routing) 方式：\\ :const:`~logging.DEBUG`\\ ，\\ :const:`~logging.INFO`"

"\\ ，\\ :const:`~logging.WARNING`\\ ，\\ :const:`~logging.ERROR`\\ ，及 :"

"const:`~logging.CRITICAL`\\ 。"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:240

msgid ""

"The logging system can be configured directly from Python or can be loaded "

"from a user editable configuration file for customized logging without "

"altering the application."

msgstr ""

"日誌記錄系統可以直接從 Python 配置，也可以透過載入使用者可編輯的配置檔案以進"

"行客製化的日誌記錄，而無須對應用程式做出變更。"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:248

msgid "Weak References"

msgstr "弱引用 (Weak References)"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:250

msgid ""

"Python does automatic memory management (reference counting for most objects "

"and :term:`garbage collection` to eliminate cycles). The memory is freed "

"shortly after the last reference to it has been eliminated."

msgstr ""

"Python 會自動進行記憶體管理（對大多數物件進行參照計數 (reference counting) 並"

"使用 :term:`garbage collection` 來消除循環參照）。當一個參照從記憶體被移除後"

"不久，該記憶體就會被釋出。"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:254

msgid ""

"This approach works fine for most applications but occasionally there is a "

"need to track objects only as long as they are being used by something else. "

"Unfortunately, just tracking them creates a reference that makes them "

"permanent. The :mod:`weakref` module provides tools for tracking objects "

"without creating a reference. When the object is no longer needed, it is "

"automatically removed from a weakref table and a callback is triggered for "

"weakref objects. Typical applications include caching objects that are "

"expensive to create::"

msgstr ""

"此方式對大多數應用程式來說都沒問題，但偶爾也需要在物件仍然被其他物件所使用時"

"持續追蹤它們。可惜的是，儘管只是追蹤它們，也會建立一個使它們永久化 "

"(permanent) 的參照。\\ :mod:`weakref` 模組提供的工具可以不必建立參照就能追蹤"

"物件。當該物件不再被需要時，它會自動從一個弱引用表 (weakref table) 中被移除，"

"並為弱引用物件觸發一個回呼 (callback)。典型的應用包括暫存 (cache) 那些成本較為"

"昂貴的物件：\n"

"\n"

"::"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:289

msgid "Tools for Working with Lists"

msgstr "使用於 List 的工具"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:291

msgid ""

"Many data structure needs can be met with the built-in list type. However, "

"sometimes there is a need for alternative implementations with different "

"performance trade-offs."

msgstr ""

"許多對於資料結構的需求，可以透過內建的 list（串列）型別來滿足。但是，有時也會"

"根據效能的各種取捨，需要一些替代的實作。"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:295

msgid ""

"The :mod:`array` module provides an :class:`~array.array()` object that is "

"like a list that stores only homogeneous data and stores it more compactly. "

"The following example shows an array of numbers stored as two byte unsigned "

"binary numbers (typecode ``\"H\"``) rather than the usual 16 bytes per entry "

"for regular lists of Python int objects::"

msgstr ""

":mod:`array` 模組提供了一個 :class:`~array.array()` 物件，它像是 list，但只能"

"儲存同類的資料且能緊密地儲存。下面的範例展示一個數值陣列 (array)，以兩個位元"

"組的無符號二進數 (unsigned binary numbers) 為儲存單位（類型碼為 ``\"H\"``），"

"而在 Python 整數物件的正規 list 中，每個項目通常使用 16 個位元組：\n"

"\n"

"::"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:308

msgid ""

"The :mod:`collections` module provides a :class:`~collections.deque()` "

"object that is like a list with faster appends and pops from the left side "

"but slower lookups in the middle. These objects are well suited for "

"implementing queues and breadth first tree searches::"

msgstr ""

":mod:`collections` 模組提供了一個 :class:`~collections.deque()` 物件，它像是 "

"list，但從左側加入 (append) 和彈出 (pop) 的速度較快，而在中間查找的速度則較"

"慢。這種物件適用於實作佇列 (queue) 和廣度優先搜尋法 (breadth first tree "

"search)：\n"

"\n"

"::"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:329

msgid ""

"In addition to alternative list implementations, the library also offers "

"other tools such as the :mod:`bisect` module with functions for manipulating "

"sorted lists::"

msgstr ""

"除了替代的 list 實作以外，函式庫也提供了其他工具，例如 :mod:`bisect` 模組，具"

"有能夠操作 sorted list（已排序串列）的函式：\n"

"\n"

"::"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:339

msgid ""

"The :mod:`heapq` module provides functions for implementing heaps based on "

"regular lists. The lowest valued entry is always kept at position zero. "

"This is useful for applications which repeatedly access the smallest element "

"but do not want to run a full list sort::"

msgstr ""

":mod:`heapq` 模組提供了一些函式，能基於正規 list 來實作堆積 (heap)。最小值的"

"項目會永遠保持在位置零。對於一些需要多次存取最小元素，但不想要對整個 list 進"

"行排序的應用程式來說，這會很有用：\n"

"\n"

"::"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:355

msgid "Decimal Floating Point Arithmetic"

msgstr "十進制 (Decimal) 浮點數運算"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:357

msgid ""

"The :mod:`decimal` module offers a :class:`~decimal.Decimal` datatype for "

"decimal floating point arithmetic. Compared to the built-in :class:`float` "

"implementation of binary floating point, the class is especially helpful for"

msgstr ""

":mod:`decimal` 模組提供了一個 :class:`~decimal.Decimal` 資料類型，用於十進制"

"浮點數運算。相較於內建的二進制浮點數 :class:`float` 實作，該 class 特別適用於下列情境"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:361

msgid ""

"financial applications and other uses which require exact decimal "

"representation,"

msgstr "金融應用程式及其他需要準確十進位制表示法的應用，"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:363

msgid "control over precision,"

msgstr "對於精確度 (precision) 的控制，"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:364

msgid "control over rounding to meet legal or regulatory requirements,"

msgstr "控制四捨五入，以滿足法律或監管規範，"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:365

msgid "tracking of significant decimal places, or"

msgstr "追蹤有效的小數位數 (decimal place)，或"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:366

msgid ""

"applications where the user expects the results to match calculations done "

"by hand."

msgstr "使用者會期望計算結果與手工計算相符的應用程式。"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:369

msgid ""

"For example, calculating a 5% tax on a 70 cent phone charge gives different "

"results in decimal floating point and binary floating point. The difference "

"becomes significant if the results are rounded to the nearest cent::"

msgstr ""

"例如，要計算 70 美分的手機充電加上 5％稅金的總價，使用十進制浮點數和二進制浮"

"點數，會算出不同的答案。如果把計算結果四捨五入到最接近的美分，兩者的差異會更"

"顯著：\n"

"\n"

"::"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:379

msgid ""

"The :class:`~decimal.Decimal` result keeps a trailing zero, automatically "

"inferring four place significance from multiplicands with two place "

"significance. Decimal reproduces mathematics as done by hand and avoids "

"issues that can arise when binary floating point cannot exactly represent "

"decimal quantities."

msgstr ""

":class:`~decimal.Decimal` 的運算結果會保留尾部的零，也會根據有兩個有效位數的"

"被乘數自動推斷出有四個有效位數的乘積。Decimal 可以重現手工計算的結果，以避免"

"產生二進制浮點數無法準確表示十進制數值時會導致的問題。"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:385

msgid ""

"Exact representation enables the :class:`~decimal.Decimal` class to perform "

"modulo calculations and equality tests that are unsuitable for binary "

"floating point::"

msgstr ""

"準確的表示法使得 :class:`~decimal.Decimal` class 能夠執行對於二進制浮點數不適"

"用的模數計算和相等性檢測：\n"

"\n"

"::"

#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:399

msgid ""

"The :mod:`decimal` module provides arithmetic with as much precision as "

"needed::"

msgstr ""

":mod:`decimal` 模組可提供運算中需要的足夠精確度：\n"

"\n"

"::"

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