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Add some doc about using valgrind · pythoncapi/cpython@c3cd9df · GitHub

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Add some doc about using valgrind
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‎Misc/README‎

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@@ -24,8 +24,10 @@ pymemcompat.h Memory interface compatibility file.
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python.man UNIX man page for the python interpreter
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python-mode.el Emacs mode for editing Python programs
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README The file you're reading now
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README.valgrind Information for Valgrind users, see valgrind-python.supp
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RFD Request For Discussion about a Python newsgroup
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RPM (Old) tools to build RPMs
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SpecialBuilds.txt Describes extra symbols you can set for debug builds
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setuid-prog.c C helper program for set-uid Python scripts
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vgrindefs Python configuration for vgrind (a generic pretty printer)
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valgrind-python.supp Valgrind suppression file, see README.valgrind

‎Misc/README.valgrind‎

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This document describes some caveats about the use of Valgrind with
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Python. Valgrind is used periodically by Python developers to try
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to ensure there are no memory leaks or invalid memory reads/writes.
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If you don't want to read about the details of using Valgrind, there
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are still two things you must do to suppress the warnings. First,
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you must use a suppressions file. One is supplied in
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Misc/valgrind-python.supp. Second, you must do one of the following:
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* Uncomment Py_USING_MEMORY_DEBUGGER in Objects/obmalloc.c,
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then rebuild Python
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* Uncomment the lines in Misc/valgrind-python.supp that
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suppress the warnings for PyObject_Free and PyObject_Realloc
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Details:
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--------
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Python uses its own allocation scheme on top of malloc called PyMalloc.
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Valgrind my show some unexpected results when PyMalloc is used.
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Starting with Python 2.3, PyMalloc is used by default. You can disable
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PyMalloc when configuring python by adding the --without-pymalloc option.
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If you disable PyMalloc, most of the information in this document and
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the supplied suppressions file will not be useful.
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If you use valgrind on a default build of Python, you will see
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many errors like:
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==6399== Use of uninitialised value of size 4
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==6399== at 0x4A9BDE7E: PyObject_Free (obmalloc.c:711)
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==6399== by 0x4A9B8198: dictresize (dictobject.c:477)
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These are expected and not a problem. Tim Peters explains
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the situation:
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PyMalloc needs to know whether an arbitrary address is one
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that's managed by it, or is managed by the system malloc.
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The current scheme allows this to be determined in constant
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time, regardless of how many memory areas are under pymalloc's
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control.
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The memory pymalloc manages itself is in one or more "arenas",
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each a large contiguous memory area obtained from malloc.
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The base address of each arena is saved by pymalloc
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in a vector, and a field at the start of each arena contains
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the index of that arena's base address in that vector.
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Given an arbitrary address, pymalloc computes the arena base
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address corresponding to it, then looks at "the index" stored
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near there. If the index read up is out of bounds for the
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vector of arena base addresses pymalloc maintains, then
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pymalloc knows for certain that this address is not under
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pymalloc's control. Otherwise the index is in bounds, and
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pymalloc compares
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the arena base address stored at that index in the vector
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to
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the computed arena address
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pymalloc controls this arena if and only if they're equal.
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It doesn't matter whether the memory pymalloc reads up ("the
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index") is initialized. If it's not initialized, then
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whatever trash gets read up will lead pymalloc to conclude
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(correctly) that the address isn't controlled by it.
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This determination has to be made on every call to one of
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pymalloc's free/realloc entry points, so its speed is critical
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(Python allocates and frees dynamic memory at a ferocious rate
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-- everything in Python, from integers to "stack frames",
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lives in the heap).

‎Misc/valgrind-python.supp‎

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#
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# This is a valgrind suppression file that should be used when using valgrind.
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#
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# Here's an example of running valgrind:
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#
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# cd python/dist/src
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# valgrind --tool=memcheck --suppressions=Misc/valgrind-python.supp \
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# ./python -E -tt ./Lib/test/regrtest.py -u bsddb,network
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#
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# You must edit Objects/obmalloc.c and uncomment Py_USING_MEMORY_DEBUGGER
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# to use the preferred suppressions with Py_ADDRESS_IN_RANGE.
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#
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# If you do not want to recompile Python, you can uncomment
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# suppressions for PyObject_Free and PyObject_Realloc.
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#
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# See Misc/README.valgrind for more information.
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# all tool names: Addrcheck,Memcheck,cachegrind,helgrind,massif
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{
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ADDRESS_IN_RANGE/Invalid read of size 4
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Memcheck:Addr4
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fun:Py_ADDRESS_IN_RANGE
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}
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{
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ADDRESS_IN_RANGE/Invalid read of size 4
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Memcheck:Value4
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fun:Py_ADDRESS_IN_RANGE
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}
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{
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ADDRESS_IN_RANGE/Conditional jump or move depends on uninitialised value
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Memcheck:Cond
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fun:Py_ADDRESS_IN_RANGE
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}
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###{
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### ADDRESS_IN_RANGE/Invalid read of size 4
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### Memcheck:Addr4
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### fun:PyObject_Free
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###}
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###
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###{
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### ADDRESS_IN_RANGE/Invalid read of size 4
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### Memcheck:Value4
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### fun:PyObject_Free
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###}
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###
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###{
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### ADDRESS_IN_RANGE/Conditional jump or move depends on uninitialised value
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### Memcheck:Cond
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### fun:PyObject_Free
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###}
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###{
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### ADDRESS_IN_RANGE/Invalid read of size 4
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### Memcheck:Addr4
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### fun:PyObject_Realloc
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###}
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###
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###{
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### ADDRESS_IN_RANGE/Invalid read of size 4
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### Memcheck:Value4
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### fun:PyObject_Realloc
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###}
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###
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###{
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### ADDRESS_IN_RANGE/Conditional jump or move depends on uninitialised value
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### Memcheck:Cond
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### fun:PyObject_Realloc
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###}
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###
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### All the suppressions below are for errors that occur within libraries
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### that Python uses. The problems to not appear to be related to Python's
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### use of the libraries.
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###
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{
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GDBM problems, see test_gdbm
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Memcheck:Param
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write(buf)
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fun:write
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fun:gdbm_open
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}
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###
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### These occur from somewhere within the SSL, when running
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### test_socket_sll. They are too general to leave on by default.
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###
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###{
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### somewhere in SSL stuff
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### Memcheck:Cond
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### fun:memset
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###}
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###{
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### somewhere in SSL stuff
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### Memcheck:Value4
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### fun:memset
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###}
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###
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###{
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### somewhere in SSL stuff
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### Memcheck:Cond
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### fun:MD5_Update
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###}
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###
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###{
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### somewhere in SSL stuff
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### Memcheck:Value4
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### fun:MD5_Update
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###}
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#
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# All of these problems come from using test_socket_ssl
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#
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{
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from test_socket_ssl
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Memcheck:Cond
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fun:BN_bin2bn
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}
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{
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from test_socket_ssl
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Memcheck:Cond
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fun:BN_num_bits_word
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}
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{
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from test_socket_ssl
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Memcheck:Value4
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fun:BN_num_bits_word
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}
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{
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from test_socket_ssl
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Memcheck:Cond
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fun:BN_mod_exp_mont_word
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}
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{
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from test_socket_ssl
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Memcheck:Cond
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fun:BN_mod_exp_mont
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}
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{
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from test_socket_ssl
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Memcheck:Param
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write(buf)
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fun:write
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obj:/usr/lib/libcrypto.so.0.9.7
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}
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{
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from test_socket_ssl
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Memcheck:Cond
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fun:RSA_verify
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}
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{
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from test_socket_ssl
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Memcheck:Value4
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fun:RSA_verify
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}
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{
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from test_socket_ssl
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Memcheck:Value4
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fun:DES_set_key_unchecked
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}
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{
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from test_socket_ssl
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Memcheck:Value4
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fun:DES_encrypt2
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}
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{
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from test_socket_ssl
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Memcheck:Cond
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obj:/usr/lib/libssl.so.0.9.7
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}
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{
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from test_socket_ssl
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Memcheck:Value4
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obj:/usr/lib/libssl.so.0.9.7
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}
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{
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from test_socket_ssl
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Memcheck:Cond
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fun:BUF_MEM_grow_clean
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}
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{
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from test_socket_ssl
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Memcheck:Cond
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fun:memcpy
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fun:ssl3_read_bytes
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}
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{
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from test_socket_ssl
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Memcheck:Cond
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fun:SHA1_Update
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}
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{
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from test_socket_ssl
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Memcheck:Value4
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fun:SHA1_Update
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}
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