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feat(runtime)!: add asyncio loop and awaitable APIs · pythonnative/pythonnative@d8e8933 · GitHub

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feat(runtime)!: add asyncio loop and awaitable APIs
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‎CONTRIBUTING.md‎

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@@ -107,12 +107,15 @@ Recommended scopes (choose the smallest, most accurate unit; prefer module/direc
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- `native_modules` – native API modules for device capabilities (`native_modules/`)
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- `native_views` – platform-specific native view creation and updates (`native_views/`)
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- `navigation` – navigation containers and stack/tab/drawer navigators (`navigation.py`)
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- `net` – awaitable HTTP client (`net.py`)
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- `package` – `src/pythonnative/__init__.py` exports and package boundary
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- `platform` – `Platform.OS`/`Platform.select` and version detection (`platform.py`)
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- `platform_metrics` – platform-reported metrics like safe-area insets and bar heights (`platform_metrics.py`)
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- `reconciler` – virtual view tree diffing and reconciliation (`reconciler.py`)
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- `runtime` – framework-wide asyncio loop and thread-safe future helpers (`runtime.py`)
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- `screen` – screen host, native lifecycle bridge, and render scheduling (`screen.py`)
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- `sdk` – public extension SDK for custom native components (`sdk/`)
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- `storage` – AsyncStorage key/value persistence and `use_persisted_state` (`storage.py`)
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- `style` – StyleSheet and theming (`style.py`)
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- `utils` – shared utilities (`utils.py`)
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‎docs/api/alerts.md‎

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# Alerts
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The [`Alert`][pythonnative.Alert] class provides imperative access to
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the host platform's alert dialogs and action sheets. Alerts are *not*
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part of the element tree — they're fire-and-forget calls that present
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a native dialog and dispatch button callbacks.
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The [`Alert`][pythonnative.alerts.Alert] class provides imperative
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access to the host platform's alert dialogs and action sheets. Alerts
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are *not* part of the element tree.
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There are three entry points:
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- [`Alert.show`][pythonnative.alerts.Alert.show]: fire-and-forget
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one-button notice (no return value).
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- [`Alert.confirm`][pythonnative.alerts.Alert.confirm]: awaitable
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two-button yes/no, resolves to a ``bool``.
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- [`Alert.choose`][pythonnative.alerts.Alert.choose]: awaitable
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multi-button picker / action sheet, resolves to the selected
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label (or ``None`` if dismissed).
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::: pythonnative.alerts
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options:
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## Patterns
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- **Confirm before destructive actions**: pair a `"destructive"`
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button with a `"cancel"` button via
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[`Alert.confirm`][pythonnative.alerts.Alert.confirm].
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- **Action sheets**: pass `style="action_sheet"` to render an iOS-style
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bottom sheet; on Android this falls back to a regular dialog.
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- **Pickers**: the built-in [`Picker`][pythonnative.Picker] component
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is implemented on top of action sheets — use it for select/dropdown
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- **Confirm before destructive actions**: ``await pn.Alert.confirm(...)``
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inside an `async def`, then branch on the boolean result.
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- **Pick from options**: ``await pn.Alert.choose(title, options=[...])``
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returns the selected label.
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- **Pickers**: the built-in
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[`Picker`][pythonnative.components.Picker] component is
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implemented on top of action sheets — use it for select/dropdown
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widgets.
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## Testing
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When running off-device (e.g., in unit tests), `Alert.show` records
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each call to `Alert._test_log` instead of presenting a dialog. Reset
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the log with `Alert._test_log.clear()` between cases.
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When running off-device (e.g., in unit tests), the alert dispatch
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records each call to `Alert._test_log` instead of presenting a
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dialog. Use
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[`Alert.set_test_response(*indices)`][pythonnative.alerts.Alert.set_test_response]
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to script the user's choices for upcoming ``confirm`` / ``choose``
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calls. Reset the log with `Alert._test_log.clear()` between cases.

‎docs/api/hooks.md‎

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members_order: source
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filters: ["!^_"]
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## Async hooks
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For coroutines and data-driven UI, PythonNative ships dedicated
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async-aware hooks layered on top of `use_state` / `use_effect`:
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- [`use_async_effect`][pythonnative.use_async_effect] — async sibling
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of `use_effect`; cancels the in-flight coroutine on re-run /
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unmount.
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- [`use_query`][pythonnative.use_query] — subscribes to an async
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fetcher and re-renders on data / error / refetch.
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- [`use_mutation`][pythonnative.use_mutation] — wraps an async
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mutator with loading / error state and a trigger.
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- [`use_persisted_state`][pythonnative.use_persisted_state] —
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`use_state` backed by
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[`AsyncStorage`][pythonnative.AsyncStorage].
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See the [Async + data guide](../guides/async.md) for a complete
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walkthrough.
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## Platform-metric hooks
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These hooks subscribe to values published by

‎docs/api/native_modules.md‎

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platform) and dispatches at runtime based on the `IS_ANDROID` and
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`IS_IOS` flags from `pythonnative.utils`.
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::: pythonnative.native_modules
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options:
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show_root_heading: false
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show_root_toc_entry: false
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members_order: source
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filters: ["!^_"]
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Apart from `FileSystem`, every public method is a coroutine: ``await
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Camera.take_photo()``, ``await Location.get_current()``, and so on.
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For the call-site patterns and the runtime they're scheduled on, see
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the [Async + data guide](../guides/async.md).
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## Camera
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‎docs/api/net.md‎

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# Network
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A small, dependency-free async HTTP client. Use [`fetch`][pythonnative.fetch]
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for the common "call a JSON API" path; reach for `httpx` / `aiohttp`
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if you need multipart, streaming, or HTTP/2.
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::: pythonnative.net
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options:
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show_root_heading: false
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show_root_toc_entry: false
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members_order: source
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filters: ["!^_"]
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## Patterns
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- **Inside a component**: pair with
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[`use_query`][pythonnative.use_query] for loading/error state and
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automatic cancellation on unmount.
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- **In an event handler**: wrap an `async def` in
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[`pn.run_async`][pythonnative.run_async] so a sync `on_click` can
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drive an awaitable request.
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- **Mutations**: pair with [`use_mutation`][pythonnative.use_mutation]
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to track ``loading`` / ``error`` for POST/PUT/DELETE flows.

‎docs/api/runtime.md‎

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# Async runtime
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PythonNative runs a single framework-wide ``asyncio`` event loop on a
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dedicated daemon thread. Every awaitable surface in the framework —
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[`use_async_effect`][pythonnative.hooks.use_async_effect],
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[`use_query`][pythonnative.hooks.use_query],
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[`use_mutation`][pythonnative.hooks.use_mutation],
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[`fetch`][pythonnative.net.fetch],
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[`AsyncStorage`][pythonnative.storage.AsyncStorage], the awaitable native
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modules ([`Camera`][pythonnative.native_modules.camera.Camera] /
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[`Location`][pythonnative.native_modules.location.Location] /
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[`Notifications`][pythonnative.native_modules.notifications.Notifications]),
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and [`Animated`][pythonnative.animated.Animated] composites — schedules
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its work on this loop.
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::: pythonnative.runtime
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options:
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show_root_heading: false
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show_root_toc_entry: false
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members_order: source
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filters: ["!^_"]
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## Pattern: bridge a sync handler into async code
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```python
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import pythonnative as pn
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@pn.component
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def Toolbar():
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async def export():
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report = await build_report()
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await save_to_disk(report)
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return pn.Button("Export", on_click=lambda: pn.run_async(export()))
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```
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## Next steps
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- Walk through the async surface end-to-end:
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[Async + data guide](../guides/async.md).

‎docs/api/storage.md‎

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# Storage
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Key/value persistence backed by the platform-native store
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(`NSUserDefaults` on iOS, `SharedPreferences` on Android, a local
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JSON file in desktop tests). All operations are coroutines so they
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don't block the framework loop.
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::: pythonnative.storage
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options:
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show_root_heading: false
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show_root_toc_entry: false
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members_order: source
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filters: ["!^_"]
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## Patterns
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- **Token / session storage**: write strings with
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[`set`][pythonnative.AsyncStorage] and read with
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[`get`][pythonnative.AsyncStorage].
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- **Complex values**: use
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[`set_json`][pythonnative.AsyncStorage] /
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[`get_json`][pythonnative.AsyncStorage] for dicts, lists, and
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primitives.
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- **Component state that survives restarts**: reach for
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[`use_persisted_state`][pythonnative.use_persisted_state] instead
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of manually wiring an effect to `AsyncStorage`.
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## Next steps
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- The pattern is walked through end-to-end in the
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[Async + data guide](../guides/async.md).

‎docs/concepts/components.md‎

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**Imperative APIs:**
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- [`Alert.show(title, message, buttons, style)`][pythonnative.Alert]:
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present a native alert dialog or action sheet.
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- [`Alert.confirm(title, on_confirm, on_cancel)`][pythonnative.alerts.Alert.confirm]:
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two-button confirm/cancel.
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- [`Alert.show(title, message)`][pythonnative.alerts.Alert.show]:
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fire-and-forget single-button notice.
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- [`await Alert.confirm(title, message)`][pythonnative.alerts.Alert.confirm]:
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awaitable two-button yes/no — resolves to a ``bool``.
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- [`await Alert.choose(title, options=[...])`][pythonnative.alerts.Alert.choose]:
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awaitable multi-button picker / action sheet — resolves to the
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selected label (or ``None``).
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**Animations:**
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‎docs/guides/animations.md‎

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# Animations
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PythonNative ships an `Animated` API modelled on React Native's. It's
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designed for the common case where a small set
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of style properties (opacity, transform, color) need to interpolate
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smoothly over time without re-rendering the component tree on every
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frame.
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designed for the common case where a small set of style properties
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(opacity, transform, color) need to interpolate smoothly over time
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without re-rendering the component tree on every frame.
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## Mental model
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2. Bind the value into the `style` of an `Animated.View`,
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`Animated.Text`, or `Animated.Image`.
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3. Drive the value with `Animated.timing`, `Animated.spring`, or
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`Animated.decay`. Each driver returns a handle with `.start()` /
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`.stop()`.
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`Animated.decay`. Each driver returns a handle with two faces:
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- `handle.start()` is fire-and-forget (returns `self`).
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- `await handle` runs the animation and suspends until it
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completes. Cancelling the awaiting task stops the animation.
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The animated component captures a `ref` to the underlying native view
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(via the same [`use_ref`][pythonnative.use_ref] mechanism users have
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def FadeInBox():
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opacity = pn.use_animated_value(0.0)
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def _fade_in():
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pn.Animated.timing(opacity, to=1.0, duration=400).start()
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async def _fade_in():
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await pn.Animated.timing(opacity, to=1.0, duration=400)
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pn.use_effect(_fade_in, [])
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pn.use_async_effect(_fade_in, [])
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return pn.Animated.View(
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pn.Text("Hello!"),
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```
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`opacity` starts at `0.0` and the timing animation interpolates it to
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`1.0` over 400 ms.
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`1.0` over 400 ms. Using `use_async_effect` means the in-flight
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animation is automatically cancelled if the component unmounts before
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the 400 ms is up.
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If you don't need to react to completion, the synchronous form is fine
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too:
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```python
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def _press():
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pn.Animated.timing(opacity, to=1.0, duration=400).start()
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```
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## Spring animation on press
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## Sequencing and parallel composition
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```python
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opacity = pn.use_animated_value(0.0)
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translate_y = pn.use_animated_value(20.0)
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pn.Animated.parallel([
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pn.Animated.timing(opacity, to=1.0, duration=300),
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pn.Animated.spring(translate_y, to=0.0),
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]).start()
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async def _intro():
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opacity = pn.use_animated_value(0.0)
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translate_y = pn.use_animated_value(20.0)
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await pn.Animated.parallel([
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pn.Animated.timing(opacity, to=1.0, duration=300),
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pn.Animated.spring(translate_y, to=0.0),
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])
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await pn.Animated.delay(80)
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await pn.Animated.timing(opacity, to=0.5, duration=200)
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```
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Use `Animated.sequence` for one-after-another execution and
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`Animated.delay(ms)` to insert pauses inside a sequence.
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`Animated.parallel` returns when **all** animations finish.
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`Animated.sequence` runs animations one-after-another. Both are also
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awaitable.
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## Easing
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`start()` returns the handle you started with, and the handle exposes
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`.stop()`. A common pattern is to keep the handle in a `use_ref` so
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you can cancel a long-running animation when the user interrupts.
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you can cancel a long-running animation when the user interrupts. If
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you're awaiting the animation instead, cancelling the awaiting task
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stops the animation:
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```python
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async def _enter():
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await pn.Animated.timing(opacity, to=1.0, duration=2000)
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task = pn.run_async(_enter())
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# Sometime later:
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task.cancel() # animation snaps to wherever it was; opacity stops here.
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```
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## When NOT to use `Animated`
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