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# Testing `pythonnative.testing` renders components without a device or simulator. [`render`][pythonnative.testing.render] mounts an element into an in-memory [`FakeBackend`][pythonnative.testing.FakeBackend] and returns a [`RenderResult`][pythonnative.testing.RenderResult] with Testing Library-style queries and event helpers; [`render_hook`][pythonnative.testing.render_hook] does the same for a bare hook. [`within`][pythonnative.testing.within] scopes the queries to one subtree, [`wait_for`][pythonnative.testing.wait_for] polls a predicate while draining the framework loop, and [`fake_clock`][pythonnative.testing.fake_clock] puts `asyncio` timers on virtual time. ::: pythonnative.testing options: show_root_heading: false show_root_toc_entry: false members_order: source filters: ["!^_"] ## Queries Every query comes in four flavors: `get_by_*` (exactly one match or `LookupError`), `query_by_*` (the match or `None`), `get_all_by_*` (every match), and `find_by_*` (`get_by_*` wrapped in `wait_for`). `RenderResult` and the scope returned by `within` share this class. ::: pythonnative.testing.queries.Queries options: show_root_heading: false show_root_toc_entry: false members_order: source filters: ["!^_"] ## pytest plugin Installing `pythonnative` registers this plugin under the `pytest11` entry point, so every pytest session gets the runtime-reset fixture and `pn_clock` without a `conftest.py`. Disable it with `-p no:pythonnative`. ::: pythonnative.testing.pytest_plugin options: show_root_heading: false show_root_toc_entry: false members_order: source filters: ["!^_"] ## Next steps - Read the [Testing guide](../guides/testing.md) for patterns. - Test navigation flows against a [`FakeHost`][pythonnative.testing.FakeHost].