@@ -111,6 +111,8 @@ public class Runtime
         /// <summary>
         /// Initialize the runtime...
         /// </summary>
+        /// <remarks>When calling this method after a soft shutdown or a domain reload,
+        ///  this method acquires and releases the GIL. </remarks>
         internal static void Initialize(bool initSigs = false, ShutdownMode mode = ShutdownMode.Default)
         {
             if (_isInitialized)
@@ -149,7 +151,8 @@ internal static void Initialize(bool initSigs = false, ShutdownMode mode = Shutd
             }
             else
             {
-                PyEval_InitThreads();
+                // When initializing more than once (like on soft shutdown and domain
+                // reload), the GIL might not be acquired by the current thread.
                 state = PyGILState_Ensure();
                 MainManagedThreadId = Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId;
             }
@@ -366,6 +369,8 @@ internal static void Shutdown(ShutdownMode mode)
                     // Some clr runtime didn't implement GC.WaitForFullGCComplete yet.
                 }
                 PyGILState_Release(state);
+                // Then release the GIL for good.
+                PyEval_SaveThread();
             }
             else
             {
Original file line number	Diff line number	Diff line change
@@ -111,6 +111,8 @@ public class Runtime
111	111	/// <summary>
112	112	/// Initialize the runtime...
113	113	/// </summary>
	114	+ /// <remarks>When calling this method after a soft shutdown or a domain reload,
	115	+ /// this method acquires and releases the GIL. </remarks>
114	116	internal static void Initialize(bool initSigs = false, ShutdownMode mode = ShutdownMode.Default)
115	117	{
116	118	if (_isInitialized)
@@ -149,7 +151,8 @@ internal static void Initialize(bool initSigs = false, ShutdownMode mode = Shutd
149	151	}
150	152	else
151	153	{
152		- PyEval_InitThreads();
	154	+ // When initializing more than once (like on soft shutdown and domain
	155	+ // reload), the GIL might not be acquired by the current thread.
153	156	state = PyGILState_Ensure();
154	157	MainManagedThreadId = Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId;
155	158	}
@@ -366,6 +369,8 @@ internal static void Shutdown(ShutdownMode mode)
366	369	// Some clr runtime didn't implement GC.WaitForFullGCComplete yet.
367	370	}
368	371	PyGILState_Release(state);
	372	+ // Then release the GIL for good.
	373	+ PyEval_SaveThread();
369	374	}
370	375	else
371	376	{