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# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.

# This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.

# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.

# Translators:

# python-doc bot, 2026

#, fuzzy

msgid ""

msgstr ""

"Project-Id-Version: Python 3.15\n"

"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"

"POT-Creation-Date: 2026-10-19 19:33+0000\n"

"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-09-16 00:02+0000\n"

"Last-Translator: python-doc bot, 2026\n"

"Language-Team: Russian (https://app.transifex.com/python-doc/teams/5390/"

"ru/)\n"

"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"

"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"

"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"

"Language: ru\n"

"Plural-Forms: nplurals=4; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && "

"n%10<=4 && (n%100<12 || n%100>14) ? 1 : n%10==0 || (n%10>=5 && n%10<=9) || "

"(n%100>=11 && n%100<=14)? 2 : 3);\n"

msgid "Using Python on macOS"

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"This document aims to give an overview of macOS-specific behavior you should "

"know about to get started with Python on Mac computers. Python on a Mac "

"running macOS is very similar to Python on other Unix-derived platforms, but "

"there are some differences in installation and some features."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"There are various ways to obtain and install Python for macOS. Pre-built "

"versions of the most recent versions of Python are available from a number "

"of distributors. Much of this document describes use of the Pythons provided "

"by the CPython release team for download from the `python.org website "

"<https://www.python.org/downloads/>`_. See :ref:`alternative_bundles` for "

"some other options."

msgstr ""

msgid "Using Python for macOS from ``python.org``"

msgstr ""

msgid "Installation steps"

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"For `current Python versions <https://www.python.org/downloads/>`_ (other "

"than those in ``security`` status), the release team produces a **Python for "

"macOS** installer package for each new release. A list of available "

"installers is provided on the `macOS downloads page <https://www.python.org/"

"downloads/macos/>`__. We recommend using the most recent supported Python "

"version where possible. Current installers provide a `universal2 binary "

"<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_binary>`_ build of Python which "

"runs natively on all Macs (Apple Silicon and Intel) that are supported by a "

"wide range of macOS versions, currently typically from at least **macOS "

"10.15 Catalina** on."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"The downloaded file is a standard macOS installer package file (``.pkg``). "

"File integrity information (such as checksum, size, and Sigstore signature) "

"for each file is included on the release download page. Installer packages "

"and their contents are signed and notarized with ``Python Software "

"Foundation`` Apple Developer ID certificates to meet `macOS Gatekeeper "

"requirements <https://support.apple.com/en-us/102445>`_."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"For a default installation, double-click on the downloaded installer package "

"file. This should launch the standard macOS Installer app and display the "

"first of several installer steps."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"Clicking on the **Continue** button brings up the **Read Me** for this "

"installer. Besides other important information, the **Read Me** documents "

"which Python version is going to be installed and on what versions of macOS "

"it is supported. You may need to scroll through to read the whole file. By "

"default, this **Read Me** will also be installed in |"

"applications_python_version_literal| and available to read anytime."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"Clicking on **Continue** proceeds to display the license for Python and for "

"other included software. You will then need to **Agree** to the license "

"terms before proceeding to the next step. This license file will also be "

"installed and available to be read later."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"After the license terms are accepted, the next step is the **Installation "

"Type** display. For most uses, the standard set of installation operations "

"is appropriate."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"By pressing the **Customize** button, you can choose to omit or select "

"certain package components of the installer. Click on each package name to "

"see a description of what it installs. For details of the optional free-"

"threaded feature, which is installed by default, see :ref:`install-"

"freethreaded-macos`."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"In either case, clicking **Install** will begin the install process by "

"asking permission to install new software. A macOS user name with "

"``Administrator`` privilege is needed as the installed Python will be "

"available to all users of the Mac."

msgstr ""

msgid "When the installation is complete, the **Summary** window will appear."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"Double-click on the :command:`Install Certificates.command` icon or file in "

"the |applications_python_version_literal| window to complete the "

"installation."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"This will open a temporary :program:`Terminal` shell window that will use "

"the new Python to download and install SSL root certificates for its use."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"If ``Successfully installed certifi`` and ``update complete`` appear in the "

"terminal window, the installation is complete. Close this terminal window "

"and the installer window."

msgstr ""

msgid "A default install will include:"

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"A |python_version_literal| folder in your :file:`Applications` folder. In "

"here you find :program:`IDLE`, the development environment that is a "

"standard part of official Python distributions; and :program:`Python "

"Launcher`, which handles double-clicking Python scripts from the macOS "

"`Finder <https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201732>`_."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"A framework :file:`/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework`, which includes the "

"Python executable and libraries. The installer adds this location to your "

"shell path. To uninstall Python, you can remove these three things. Symlinks "

"to the Python executable are placed in :file:`/usr/local/bin/`."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"Recent versions of macOS include a :command:`python3` command in :file:`/usr/"

"bin/python3` that links to a usually older and incomplete version of Python "

"provided by and for use by the Apple development tools, :program:`Xcode` or "

"the :program:`Command Line Tools for Xcode`. You should never modify or "

"attempt to delete this installation, as it is Apple-controlled and is used "

"by Apple-provided or third-party software. If you choose to install a newer "

"Python version from ``python.org``, you will have two different but "

"functional Python installations on your computer that can co-exist. The "

"default installer options should ensure that its :command:`python3` will be "

"used instead of the system :command:`python3`."

msgstr ""

msgid "How to run a Python script"

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"There are two ways to invoke the Python interpreter. If you are familiar "

"with using a Unix shell in a terminal window, you can invoke |"

"python_x_dot_y_literal| or ``python3`` optionally followed by one or more "

"command line options (described in :ref:`using-on-general`). The Python "

"tutorial also has a useful section on :ref:`using Python interactively from "

"a shell <tut-interac>`."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"You can also invoke the interpreter through an integrated development "

"environment. :ref:`idle` is a basic editor and interpreter environment which "

"is included with the standard distribution of Python. :program:`IDLE` "

"includes a Help menu that allows you to access Python documentation. If you "

"are completely new to Python, you can read the tutorial introduction in that "

"document."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"There are many other editors and IDEs available, see :ref:`editors` for more "

"information."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"To run a Python script file from the terminal window, you can invoke the "

"interpreter with the name of the script file:"

msgstr ""

msgid "|python_x_dot_y_literal| ``myscript.py``"

msgstr ""

msgid "To run your script from the Finder, you can either:"

msgstr ""

msgid "Drag it to :program:`Python Launcher`."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"Select :program:`Python Launcher` as the default application to open your "

"script (or any ``.py`` script) through the Finder Info window and double-"

"click it. :program:`Python Launcher` has various preferences to control how "

"your script is launched. Option-dragging allows you to change these for one "

"invocation, or use its ``Preferences`` menu to change things globally."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"Be aware that running the script directly from the macOS Finder might "

"produce different results than when running from a terminal window as the "

"script will not be run in the usual shell environment including any setting "

"of environment variables in shell profiles. And, as with any other script or "

"program, be certain of what you are about to run."

msgstr ""

msgid "Alternative distributions"

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"Besides the standard ``python.org`` for macOS installer, there are third-"

"party distributions for macOS that may include additional functionality. "

"Some popular distributions and their key features:"

msgstr ""

msgid "`ActivePython <https://www.activestate.com/products/python/>`_"

msgstr ""

msgid "Installer with multi-platform compatibility, documentation"

msgstr ""

msgid "`Anaconda <https://www.anaconda.com/download/>`_"

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"Popular scientific modules (such as numpy, scipy, and pandas) and the "

"``conda`` package manager."

msgstr ""

msgid "`Homebrew <https://brew.sh>`_"

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"Package manager for macOS including multiple versions of Python and many "

"third-party Python-based packages (including numpy, scipy, and pandas)."

msgstr ""

msgid "`MacPorts <https://www.macports.org>`_"

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"Another package manager for macOS including multiple versions of Python and "

"many third-party Python-based packages. May include pre-built versions of "

"Python and many packages for older versions of macOS."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"Note that distributions might not include the latest versions of Python or "

"other libraries, and are not maintained or supported by the core Python team."

msgstr ""

msgid "Installing additional Python packages"

msgstr ""

msgid "Refer to the `Python Packaging User Guide`_ for more information."

msgstr ""

msgid "GUI programming"

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"There are several options for building GUI applications on the Mac with "

"Python."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"The standard Python GUI toolkit is :mod:`tkinter`, based on the cross-"

"platform Tk toolkit (https://www.tcl.tk). A macOS-native version of Tk is "

"included with the installer."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"*PyObjC* is a Python binding to Apple's Objective-C/Cocoa framework. "

"Information on PyObjC is available from :pypi:`pyobjc`."

msgstr ""

msgid "A number of alternative macOS GUI toolkits are available including:"

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"`PySide <https://www.qt.io/qt-for-python>`_: Official Python bindings to the "

"`Qt GUI toolkit <https://wiki.qt.io/Qt_for_Python>`_."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"`PyQt <https://riverbankcomputing.com/software/pyqt/>`_: Alternative Python "

"bindings to Qt."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"`Kivy <https://kivy.org>`_: A cross-platform GUI toolkit that supports "

"desktop and mobile platforms."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"`Toga <https://toga.readthedocs.io>`_: Part of the `BeeWare Project <https://"

"beeware.org>`_; supports desktop, mobile, web and console apps."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"`wxPython <https://wxpython.org>`_: A cross-platform toolkit that supports "

"desktop operating systems."

msgstr ""

msgid "Advanced topics"

msgstr ""

msgid "Installing free-threaded binaries"

msgstr ""

msgid "Free-threading support is now installed by default."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"The ``python.org`` :ref:`Python for macOS <getting-and-installing-"

"macpython>` installer package installs, by default, an additional build of "

"Python |version| that supports :term:`free threading` (running with the :"

"term:`global interpreter lock` disabled). Check the release page on ``python."

"org`` for possible updated information."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"The free-threaded mode is working and continues to be improved, but there is "

"some additional overhead in single-threaded workloads compared to the "

"regular build. Additionally, third-party packages, in particular ones with "

"an :term:`extension module`, may not be ready for use in a free-threaded "

"build, and will re-enable the :term:`GIL`. As of Python 3.15, free-threading "

"support is installed by default. It is packaged as a separate install "

"option, which can be deselected by clicking the **Customize** button on the "

"**Installation Type** step of the installer as described above."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"If the box next to the **Free-threaded Python** package name is checked (as "

"it is by default), a separate :file:`PythonT.framework` will also be "

"installed alongside the normal :file:`Python.framework` in :file:`/Library/"

"Frameworks`. This configuration allows a free-threaded Python |version| "

"build to co-exist on your system with a traditional (GIL only) Python |"

"version| build with minimal risk while installing or testing. This "

"installation layout may change in future releases."

msgstr ""

msgid "Known cautions and limitations:"

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"The **UNIX command-line tools** package, which is selected by default, will "

"install links in :file:`/usr/local/bin` for |python_x_dot_y_t_literal|, the "

"free-threaded interpreter, and |python_x_dot_y_t_literal_config|, a "

"configuration utility which may be useful for package builders. Since :file:"

"`/usr/local/bin` is typically included in your shell ``PATH``, in most cases "

"no changes to your ``PATH`` environment variable should be needed to use |"

"python_x_dot_y_t_literal|."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"For this release, the **Shell profile updater** package and the :file:"

"`Update Shell Profile.command` in |applications_python_version_literal| do "

"not support the free-threaded package."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"The free-threaded build and the traditional build have separate search paths "

"and separate :file:`site-packages` directories so, by default, if you need a "

"package available in both builds, it may need to be installed in both. The "

"free-threaded package will install a separate instance of :program:`pip` for "

"use with |python_x_dot_y_t_literal|."

msgstr ""

msgid "To install a package using :command:`pip` without a :command:`venv`:"

msgstr ""

msgid "python\\ |version|\\ t -m pip install <package_name>"

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"When working with multiple Python environments, it is usually safest and "

"easiest to :ref:`create and use virtual environments <tut-venv>`. This can "

"avoid possible command name conflicts and confusion about which Python is in "

"use:"

msgstr ""

msgid "python\\ |version|\\ t -m venv <venv_name>"

msgstr ""

msgid "then :command:`activate`."

msgstr ""

msgid "To run a free-threaded version of IDLE:"

msgstr ""

msgid "python\\ |version|\\ t -m idlelib"

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"The interpreters in both builds respond to the same :ref:`PYTHON environment "

"variables <using-on-envvars>` which may have unexpected results, for "

"example, if you have ``PYTHONPATH`` set in a shell profile. If necessary, "

"there are :ref:`command line options <using-on-interface-options>` like ``-"

"E`` to ignore these environment variables."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"The free-threaded build links to the third-party shared libraries, such as "

"``OpenSSL`` and ``Tk``, installed in the traditional framework. This means "

"that both builds also share one set of trust certificates as installed by "

"the :command:`Install Certificates.command` script, thus it only needs to be "

"run once."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"If you cannot depend on the link in ``/usr/local/bin`` pointing to the "

"``python.org`` free-threaded |python_x_dot_y_t_literal| (for example, if you "

"want to install your own version there or some other distribution does), you "

"can explicitly set your shell ``PATH`` environment variable to include the "

"``PythonT`` framework ``bin`` directory:"

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"export PATH=\"/Library/Frameworks/PythonT.framework/Versions/\\ |version|\\ /"

"bin\":\"$PATH\""

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"The traditional framework installation by default does something similar, "

"except for :file:`Python.framework`. Be aware that having both framework "

"``bin`` directories in ``PATH`` can lead to confusion if there are duplicate "

"names like |python_x_dot_y_literal| in both; which one is actually used "

"depends on the order they appear in ``PATH``. The ``which python3.x`` or "

"``which python3.xt`` commands can show which path is being used. Using "

"virtual environments can help avoid such ambiguities. Another option might "

"be to create a shell :command:`alias` to the desired interpreter, like:"

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"alias py\\ |version|\\ =\"/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/\\ |"

"version|\\ /bin/python\\ |version|\\ \"\n"

"alias py\\ |version|\\ t=\"/Library/Frameworks/PythonT.framework/Versions/\\ "

"|version|\\ /bin/python\\ |version|\\ t\""

msgstr ""

msgid "Installing using the command line"

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"If you want to use automation to install the ``python.org`` installer "

"package (rather than by using the familiar macOS :program:`Installer` GUI "

"app), the macOS command line :command:`installer` utility lets you select "

"non-default options, too. If you are not familiar with :command:`installer`, "

"it can be somewhat cryptic (see :command:`man installer` for more "

"information). As an example, the following shell snippet shows one way to do "

"it, using the |x_dot_y_b2_literal| release and deselecting the free-threaded "

"interpreter option:"

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"RELEASE=\"python-\\ |version|\\ 0b2-macos11.pkg\"\n"

"\n"

"# download installer pkg\n"

"curl -O \\https://www.python.org/ftp/python/\\ |version|\\ .0/${RELEASE}\n"

"\n"

"# create installer choicechanges to customize the install:\n"

"# disable the PythonTFramework-\\ |version|\\ package\n"

"# while accepting the other defaults (install all other packages)\n"

"cat > ./choicechanges.plist <<EOF\n"

"<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>\n"

"<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC \"-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN\" \"\\http://www.apple."

"com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd\">\n"

"<plist version=\"1.0\">\n"

"<array>\n"

" <dict>\n"

" <key>attributeSetting</key>\n"

" <integer>0</integer>\n"

" <key>choiceAttribute</key>\n"

" <string>selected</string>\n"

" <key>choiceIdentifier</key>\n"

" <string>org.python.Python.PythonTFramework-\\ |version|\\ </"

"string>\n"

" </dict>\n"

"</array>\n"

"</plist>\n"

"EOF\n"

"\n"

"sudo installer -pkg ./${RELEASE} -applyChoiceChangesXML ./choicechanges."

"plist -target /"

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"After a default install, you can test that both builds are available with "

"something like:"

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"$ # test that the free-threaded interpreter was installed if the Unix "

"Command Tools package was enabled\n"

"$ /usr/local/bin/python\\ |version|\\ t -VV\n"

"Python \\ |version|\\ .0b2 free-threading build (v\\ |version|"

"\\ .0b2:3a83b172af, Jun 5 2024, 12:57:31) [Clang 15.0.0 "

"(clang-1500.3.9.4)]\n"

"$ # and the traditional interpreter\n"

"$ /usr/local/bin/python\\ |version|\\ -VV\n"

"Python \\ |version|\\ .0b2 (v\\ |version|\\ .0b2:3a83b172af, Jun 5 2024, "

"12:50:24) [Clang 15.0.0 (clang-1500.3.9.4)]\n"

"$ # test that they are also available without the prefix if /usr/local/bin "

"is on $PATH\n"

"$ python\\ |version|\\ t -VV\n"

"Python \\ |version|\\ .0b2 free-threading build (v\\ |version|"

"\\ .0b2:3a83b172af, Jun 5 2024, 12:57:31) [Clang 15.0.0 "

"(clang-1500.3.9.4)]\n"

"$ python\\ |version|\\ -VV\n"

"Python \\ |version|\\ .0b2 (v\\ |version|\\ .0b2:3a83b172af, Jun 5 2024, "

"12:50:24) [Clang 15.0.0 (clang-1500.3.9.4)]"

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"Current ``python.org`` installers only install to fixed locations like :file:"

"`/Library/Frameworks/`, :file:`/Applications`, and :file:`/usr/local/bin`. "

"You cannot use the :command:`installer` ``-domain`` option to install to "

"other locations."

msgstr ""

msgid "Distributing Python applications"

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"A range of tools exist for converting your Python code into a standalone "

"distributable application:"

msgstr ""

msgid ""

":pypi:`py2app`: Supports creating macOS ``.app`` bundles from a Python "

"project."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"`Briefcase <https://briefcase.readthedocs.io>`_: Part of the `BeeWare "

"Project <https://beeware.org>`_; a cross-platform packaging tool that "

"supports creation of ``.app`` bundles on macOS, as well as managing signing "

"and notarization."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"`PyInstaller <https://pyinstaller.org/>`_: A cross-platform packaging tool "

"that creates a single file or folder as a distributable artifact."

msgstr ""

msgid "App Store compliance"

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"Apps submitted for distribution through the macOS App Store must pass "

"Apple's app review process. This process includes a set of automated "

"validation rules that inspect the submitted application bundle for "

"problematic code."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"The Python standard library contains some code that is known to violate "

"these automated rules. While these violations appear to be false positives, "

"Apple's review rules cannot be challenged. Therefore, it is necessary to "

"modify the Python standard library for an app to pass App Store review."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"The Python source tree contains :source:`a patch file <Mac/Resources/app-"

"store-compliance.patch>` that will remove all code that is known to cause "

"issues with the App Store review process. This patch is applied "

"automatically when CPython is configured with the :option:`--with-app-store-"

"compliance` option."

msgstr ""

msgid ""

"This patch is not normally required to use CPython on a Mac; nor is it "

"required if you are distributing an app *outside* the macOS App Store. It is "

"*only* required if you are using the macOS App Store as a distribution "

"channel."

msgstr ""

msgid "Other resources"

msgstr "Другие ресурсы"

msgid ""

"The `python.org Help page <https://www.python.org/about/help/>`_ has links "

"to many useful resources. The `Pythonmac-SIG mailing list <https://www."

"python.org/community/sigs/current/pythonmac-sig/>`_ is another support "

"resource specifically for Python users and developers on the Mac."

msgstr ""

python-docs-ru/using/mac.po at 3.15 · python/python-docs-ru · GitHub

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