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Serial digital interface

Contents
Electrical interface
    SMPTE 349M
    HDMI
    G.703
    HDcctv
    CoaXPress
References

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SDI
Serial digital interface
Serial digital interface uses BNC connectors
AbbreviationSDI / SD-SDI / HD-SDI / SDI 3G / SDI 6G / SDI 12G / SDI 24G /
StatusActive
Year started1989 (1989)
Latest version24G
2020
OrganizationSMPTE (The Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers)
Predecessor CVBS - Composite Video

Serial digital interface (SDI) is a family of digital video interfaces first standardized by SMPTE (The Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers) in 1989. For example, ITU-R BT.656 and SMPTE 259M define digital video interfaces used for broadcast-grade video. A related standard, known as high-definition serial digital interface (HD-SDI), is standardized in SMPTE 292M; this provides a nominal data rate of 1.485 Gbit/s.

Additional SDI standards have been introduced to support increasing video resolutions (HD, UHD and beyond), frame rates, stereoscopic (3D) video, and color depth. Dual link HD-SDI consists of a pair of SMPTE 292M links, standardized by SMPTE 372M in 1998; this provides a nominal 2.970 Gbit/s interface used in applications (such as digital cinema or HDTV 1080P) that require greater fidelity and resolution than standard HDTV can provide. 3G-SDI (standardized in SMPTE 424M) consists of a single 2.970 Gbit/s serial link that allows replacing dual link HD-SDI. 6G-SDI and 12G-SDI standards were published on March 19, 2015.

These standards are used for transmission of uncompressed, unencrypted digital video signals (optionally including embedded audio and time code) within television facilities; they can also be used for packetized data. SDI is used to connect together different pieces of equipment such as recorders, monitors, PCs and vision mixers. Coaxial variants of the specification range in length but are typically less than

Electrical interface

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The various serial digital interface standards all use (one or more) coaxial cables with BNC connectors, with a nominal impedance of 75 ohms.

This is the same type of cable used in analog composite video setups, potentially allowing for easier "drop-in" equipment upgrades (although, at high bitrates and/or long distances, it may be necessary for older, oxidising, or lower-grade cable to be replaced with optical fibre). The specified signal amplitude at the source is 800 mV (±10%) peak-to-peak; far lower voltages may be measured at the receiver owing to attenuation. Using equalization at the receiver, it is possible to send 270 Mbit/s SDI over 00270, 360, 143, and 177 480i, 576i SMPTE 344M ED-SDI 2000 02970 and 2970/1.001 1080p60 SMPTE 424M 3G-SDI 2006 Y Y' Y Y' Y Y' Y Y'

C
16) inclusive; the values 0–3 and 1,020–1,023 (3FC

The asynchronous serial interface (ASI) specification describes how to transport a MPEG Transport Stream (MPEG-TS), containing multiple MPEG video streams, over 75-ohm copper coaxial cable or multi-mode optical fiber. ASI is popular way to transport broadcast programs from the studio to the final transmission equipment before it reaches viewers sitting at home.

The ASI standard is part of the Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) standard.

SMPTE 349M

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The standard SMPTE 349M: Transport of Alternate Source Image Formats through SMPTE 292M, specifies a means to encapsulate non-standard and lower-bitrate video formats within an HD-SDI interface. This standard allows, for example, several independent standard-definition video signals to be multiplexed onto an HD-SDI interface and transmitted down one wire. This standard doesn't merely adjust EAV and SAV timing to meet the requirements of the lower-bitrate formats; instead, it provides a means by which an entire SDI format (including synchronization words, ancillary data, and video payload) can be encapsulated and transmitted as ordinary data payload within a 292M stream.

HDMI

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HDMI to SDI converter

The HDMI interface is a compact audio/video interface for transferring uncompressed video data and compressed/uncompressed digital audio data from an HDMI-compliant device to a compatible computer monitor, video projector, digital television, or digital audio device. It is mainly used in the consumer area, but increasingly used in professional devices including uncompressed video, often called clean HDMI.

G.703

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The G.703 standard is another high-speed digital interface, originally designed for telephony.

HDcctv

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The HDcctv standard embodies the adaptation of SDI for video surveillance applications, not to be confused with TDI, a similar but different format for video surveillance cameras.

CoaXPress

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The CoaXPress standard is another high-speed digital interface, originally designed for use with industrial cameras. The data rates for CoaXPress go up to 12.5 Gbit/s over a single coaxial cable. A 41 Mbit/s uplink channel and power over coax are also included in the standard.

References

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Francis Rumsey, John Watkinson (2004). Digital interface handbook. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9780240519098.
  • ↑ Signalling and Transport of HDR and Wide Colour Gamut Video over 3G-SDI Interfaces. May 23, 2020 – via tech.ebu.ch.
  • 1 2 Advice on the use of 3 Gbit/s HD-SDI interfaces (PDF). European Broadcasting Un. July 2011. Retrieved 20 July 2015.
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