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If the storage capacity of a Cloud SQL instance is larger than your application needs, then you can manually reduce, or shrink, your storage capacity to a smaller size.

Storage shrink operations are supported on primary and read replica instances and available in all Cloud SQL editions.

Requirements for storage capacity

The target storage size must be larger than the minimum allowed storage capacity that is determined to be safe for the instance.

For consistent performance, we recommend reserving a buffer of storage capacity for certain operations like re-indexing. We recommend reserving roughly 100 GB or 20% or more of current usage, whichever is larger.

For more information, see Shared responsibility.

Performance

Storage shrink operations might impact instance performance. Cloud SQL uses Compute Engine virtual machines (VMs) with persistent storage disks. The storage provided by Hyperdisk Balanced scales linearly and offers predictable performance.

For more information, see Quotas and fixed limits.

Downtime

Storage shrink operations require instance downtime; instances restart when the operation is complete.

Depending on underlying disk size, storage shrink operations might accrue considerable downtime. If your instance requires limited downtime, rather than using storage shrink capabilities, we recommend migrating your data to a new, smaller instance using Database Migration Service.

The downtime experienced when shrinking the storage of an instance is comparable to the downtime experienced when restoring a read replica.

Operations

All other operations are unavailable until the storage shrink operation completes.

We recommend that you wait until other operations are finished before running a storage shrink operation. This includes operations such as backing up or importing data.

Storage shrink operations must complete on the primary instance before applying a shrink operation on the read replica.

A read replica can't, at any time, have a smaller storage capacity than its associated primary instance. If you want to shrink the storage capacity of a replica, then you must complete a storage shrink operation on its associated primary instance first.

Cancel operations are only supported on primary or standalone instances.

Storage shrink operations are not supported on shared-core instances. However, you can change your application setup to a non-shared core instance and then perform a storage shrink operation.

Replicas

• If you shrink the storage size of the primary instance, then its replica continues to have a larger disk. If you want to reduce the storage size of the replica, then you must do so manually.

• If a storage shrink operation is applied to a primary instance, then any subsequently created read replica applies the same storage configuration as the updated primary instance.

• If a primary instance and its associated read replica use different database versions, and a storage shrink operation is applied to the replica, then the recreated replica updates to the primary database version to make sure the replica restart is successful.

• While storage shrink operations can be used on primary instances that use read pools, you can't apply a storage shrink operation to a read pool.

• You can't check the minimum storage capacity of a read replica. This capability is only supported for primary instances. However, you can shrink the storage capacity of a read replica to match storage capacity of its associated primary instance.

• A read replica can't, at any time, have a smaller storage capacity than its associated primary instance.

Limitations

The following feature limitations apply:

• Not supported with replication from an external server.

• For PostgreSQL instances, the max_wal_size database flag must be less than 5128 MB.

• Storage shrink operations can't be applied to cascading replicas.

• Not supported with Terraform.

What's next

• Use storage shrink
• Cloud SQL storage options