FormData

const send = document.querySelector("#send");

send.addEventListener("click", async () => {
  const formData = new FormData();
  formData.append("username", "Groucho");
  formData.append("accountNum", 123456);

  // file  <input> 
  const avatar = document.querySelector("#avatar");
  formData.append("avatar", avatar.files[0]);

  // JavaScript 
  const content = '<q id="a"><span id="b">hey!</span></q>';
  const blob = new Blob([content], { type: "text/xml" });
  formData.append("webmasterFile", blob);

  const response = await fetch("http://example.org/post", {
    method: "POST",
    body: formData,
  });
  console.log(await response.json());
});

const formData = new FormData(someFormElement);

const send = document.querySelector("#send");

send.addEventListener("click", async () => {
  // <form> 
  const userInfo = document.querySelector("#user-info");
  const formData = new FormData(userInfo);

  const response = await fetch("http://example.org/post", {
    method: "POST",
    body: formData,
  });
  console.log(await response.json());
});

const send = document.querySelector("#send");

send.addEventListener("click", async () => {
  const userInfo = document.querySelector("#user-info");
  const formData = new FormData(userInfo);
  formData.append("serialnumber", 12345);

  const response = await fetch("http://example.org/post", {
    method: "POST",
    body: formData,
  });
  console.log(await response.json());
});

<form enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post" name="fileinfo" id="fileinfo">
  <p>
    <label
      >Your email address:
      <input
        type="email"
        autocomplete="on"
        name="userid"
        placeholder="email"
        required
        size="32"
        maxlength="64" />
    </label>
  </p>
  <p>
    <label
      >Custom file label:
      <input type="text" name="file-label" size="12" maxlength="32" />
    </label>
  </p>
  <p>
    <label
      >File to stash:
      <input type="file" name="file" required />
    </label>
  </p>
  <p>
    <input type="submit" value="Stash the file!" />
  </p>
</form>

const form = document.querySelector("#fileinfo");

form.addEventListener("submit", async (event) => {
  const formData = new FormData(form);

  formData.append("CustomField", "This is some extra data");

  const response = await fetch("stash.php", {
    method: "POST",
    body: formData,
  });
  event.preventDefault();
});

data.append("myfile", myBlob, "filename.txt");

const formElem = document.querySelector("form");

formElem.addEventListener("submit", (e) => {
  // 
  e.preventDefault();

  // FormData  formdata 
  new FormData(formElem);
});

formElem.addEventListener("formdata", (e) => {
  console.log("formdata fired");

  // 
  const data = e.formData;
  for (const value of data.values()) {
    console.log(value);
  }

  // fetch() 
  fetch("/formHandler", {
    method: "POST",
    body: data,
  });
});