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makeUser .

ref? ?

          function makeUser() {
  return {
    name: "John",
    ref: this
  };
}

let user = makeUser();

alert( user.ref.name ); //   ?
        

: .

function makeUser() {
  return {
    name: "John",
    ref: this
  };
}

let user = makeUser();

alert( user.ref.name ); // Error: Cannot read property 'name' of undefined

, , this, . .

this makeUser() undefined, , .

this , .

, ref: this this makeUser().

this undefined:

function makeUser(){
  return this; //      
}

alert( makeUser().name ); // Error: Cannot read property 'name' of undefined

, alert( makeUser().name ) alert( user.ref.name ) .

function makeUser() {
  return {
    name: "John",
    ref() {
      return this;
    }
  };
}

let user = makeUser();

alert( user.ref().name ); // John

, user.ref() . this ..

"this"