Python - Nested if Statement

Python supports nested if statements which means we can use a conditional if and if...else statement inside an existing if statement.

There may be a situation when you want to check for additional conditions after the initial one resolves to true. In such a situation, you can use the nested if construct.

Additionally, within a nested if construct, you can include an if...elif...else construct inside another if...elif...else construct.

Syntax of Nested if Statement

The syntax of the nested if construct with else condition will be like this

if boolean_expression1:
   statement(s)
   if boolean_expression2:
      statement(s)

Flowchart of Nested if Statement

Following is the flowchart of Python nested if statement

Example of Nested if Statement

The below example shows the working of nested if statements

num = 36
print ("num = ", num)
if num % 2 == 0:
   if num % 3 == 0:
      print ("Divisible by 3 and 2")
print("....execution ends....")

When you run the above code, it will display the following result

num =  36
Divisible by 3 and 2
....execution ends....

Nested if Statement with else Condition

As mentioned earlier, we can nest if-else statement within an if statement. If the if condition is true, the first if-else statement will be executed otherwise, statements inside the else block will be executed.

Syntax

The syntax of the nested if construct with else condition will be like this

if expression1:
   statement(s)
   if expression2:
      statement(s)
   else
      statement(s)
else:
   if expression3:
      statement(s)
   else:
      statement(s)

Example

Now let's take a Python code to understand how it works

num=8
print ("num = ",num)
if num%2==0:
   if num%3==0:
      print ("Divisible by 3 and 2")
   else:
      print ("divisible by 2 not divisible by 3")
else:
   if num%3==0:
      print ("divisible by 3 not divisible by 2")
   else:
      print ("not Divisible by 2 not divisible by 3")

When the above code is executed, it produces the following output

num = 8
divisible by 2 not divisible by 3
num = 15
divisible by 3 not divisible by 2
num = 12
Divisible by 3 and 2
num = 5
not Divisible by 2 not divisible by 3