@@ -735,6 +735,13 @@ _PyThreadState_PushCStackRef(PyThreadState *tstate, _PyCStackRef *ref)
     ref->ref = PyStackRef_NULL;
 }
 
+static inline void
+_PyThreadState_PushCStackRefNew(PyThreadState *tstate, _PyCStackRef *ref, PyObject *obj)
+{
+    _PyThreadState_PushCStackRef(tstate, ref);
+    ref->ref = PyStackRef_FromPyObjectNew(obj);
+}
+
 static inline void
 _PyThreadState_PopCStackRef(PyThreadState *tstate, _PyCStackRef *ref)
 {
 
@@ -11820,18 +11820,16 @@ _super_lookup_descr(PyTypeObject *su_type, PyTypeObject *su_obj_type, PyObject *
     PyObject *mro, *res;
     Py_ssize_t i, n;
 
-    BEGIN_TYPE_LOCK();
     mro = lookup_tp_mro(su_obj_type);
-    /* keep a strong reference to mro because su_obj_type->tp_mro can be
-       replaced during PyDict_GetItemRef(dict, name, &res) and because
-       another thread can modify it after we end the critical section
-       below  */
-    Py_XINCREF(mro);
-    END_TYPE_LOCK();
-
     if (mro == NULL)
         return NULL;
 
+    /* Keep a strong reference to mro because su_obj_type->tp_mro can be
+       replaced during PyDict_GetItemRef(dict, name, &res). */
+    PyThreadState *tstate = _PyThreadState_GET();
+    _PyCStackRef mro_ref;
+    _PyThreadState_PushCStackRefNew(tstate, &mro_ref, mro);
+
     assert(PyTuple_Check(mro));
     n = PyTuple_GET_SIZE(mro);
 
@@ -11842,7 +11840,7 @@ _super_lookup_descr(PyTypeObject *su_type, PyTypeObject *su_obj_type, PyObject *
     }
     i++;  /* skip su->type (if any)  */
     if (i >= n) {
-        Py_DECREF(mro);
+        _PyThreadState_PopCStackRef(tstate, &mro_ref);
         return NULL;
     }
 
@@ -11853,13 +11851,13 @@ _super_lookup_descr(PyTypeObject *su_type, PyTypeObject *su_obj_type, PyObject *
 
         if (PyDict_GetItemRef(dict, name, &res) != 0) {
             // found or error
-            Py_DECREF(mro);
+            _PyThreadState_PopCStackRef(tstate, &mro_ref);
             return res;
         }
 
         i++;
     } while (i < n);
-    Py_DECREF(mro);
+    _PyThreadState_PopCStackRef(tstate, &mro_ref);
     return NULL;
 }
 
 
@@ -201,6 +201,23 @@ def instantiate_dataclass():
     for _ in range(1000 * WORK_SCALE):
         obj = MyDataClass(x=1, y=2, z=3)
 
+@register_benchmark
+def super_call():
+    # TODO: super() on the same class from multiple threads still doesn't
+    # scale well, so use a class per-thread here for now.
+    class Base:
+        def method(self):
+            return 1
+
+    class Derived(Base):
+        def method(self):
+            return super().method()
+
+    obj = Derived()
+    for _ in range(1000 * WORK_SCALE):
+        obj.method()
+
+
 def bench_one_thread(func):
     t0 = time.perf_counter_ns()
     func()
Original file line number	Diff line number	Diff line change
@@ -735,6 +735,13 @@ _PyThreadState_PushCStackRef(PyThreadState tstate, _PyCStackRef ref)
735	735	ref->ref = PyStackRef_NULL;
736	736	}
737	737
	738	+ static inline void
	739	+ _PyThreadState_PushCStackRefNew(PyThreadState tstate, _PyCStackRef ref, PyObject *obj)
	740	+ {
	741	+ _PyThreadState_PushCStackRef(tstate, ref);
	742	+ ref->ref = PyStackRef_FromPyObjectNew(obj);
	743	+ }
	744	+
738	745	static inline void
739	746	_PyThreadState_PopCStackRef(PyThreadState tstate, _PyCStackRef ref)
740	747	{