diff --git a/doc/users/next_whats_new/colormap_repr.rst b/doc/users/next_whats_new/colormap_repr.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+IPython representations for Colormap objects
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The `matplotlib.colors.Colormap` object now has image representations for
+IPython / Jupyter backends. Cells returning a color map on the last line will
+display an image of the color map.
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/colors.py b/lib/matplotlib/colors.py
@@ -65,12 +65,17 @@
 .. _xkcd color survey: https://xkcd.com/color/rgb/
 """
 
+import base64
 from collections.abc import Sized
 import functools
+import io
 import itertools
 from numbers import Number
 import re
+from PIL import Image
+from PIL.PngImagePlugin import PngInfo
 
+import matplotlib as mpl
 import numpy as np
 import matplotlib.cbook as cbook
 from matplotlib import docstring
@@ -691,6 +696,33 @@ def reversed(self, name=None):
         """
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
+    def _repr_png_(self):
+        """Generate a PNG representation of the Colormap."""
+        IMAGE_SIZE = (400, 50)
+        X = np.tile(np.linspace(0, 1, IMAGE_SIZE[0]), (IMAGE_SIZE[1], 1))
+        pixels = self(X, bytes=True)
+        png_bytes = io.BytesIO()
+        title = self.name + ' color map'
+        author = f'Matplotlib v{mpl.__version__}, https://matplotlib.org'
+        pnginfo = PngInfo()
+        pnginfo.add_text('Title', title)
+        pnginfo.add_text('Description', title)
+        pnginfo.add_text('Author', author)
+        pnginfo.add_text('Software', author)
+        Image.fromarray(pixels).save(png_bytes, format='png', pnginfo=pnginfo)
+        return png_bytes.getvalue()
+
+    def _repr_html_(self):
+        """Generate an HTML representation of the Colormap."""
+        png_bytes = self._repr_png_()
+        png_base64 = base64.b64encode(png_bytes).decode('ascii')
+        return ('<strong>' + self.name + '</strong>' +
+                '<img ' +
+                'alt="' + self.name + ' color map" ' +
+                'title="' + self.name + '"' +
+                'style="border: 1px solid #555;" ' +
+                'src="data:image/png;base64,' + png_base64 + '">')
+
 
 class LinearSegmentedColormap(Colormap):
     """

diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/tests/test_colors.py b/lib/matplotlib/tests/test_colors.py
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 import copy
 import itertools
 
+from io import BytesIO
 import numpy as np
+from PIL import Image
 import pytest
 
 from numpy.testing import assert_array_equal, assert_array_almost_equal
@@ -1135,3 +1137,23 @@ def test_hex_shorthand_notation():
 def test_DivergingNorm_deprecated():
     with pytest.warns(cbook.MatplotlibDeprecationWarning):
         norm = mcolors.DivergingNorm(vcenter=0)
+
+
+def test_repr_png():
+    cmap = plt.get_cmap('viridis')
+    png = cmap._repr_png_()
+    assert len(png) > 0
+    img = Image.open(BytesIO(png))
+    assert img.width > 0
+    assert img.height > 0
+    assert 'Title' in img.text
+    assert 'Description' in img.text
+    assert 'Author' in img.text
+    assert 'Software' in img.text
+
+
+def test_repr_html():
+    cmap = plt.get_cmap('viridis')
+    html = cmap._repr_html_()
+    assert len(html) > 0
+    assert cmap.name in html