diff --git a/doc/users/whats_new/2015-11-05_hidpi.rst b/doc/users/whats_new/2015-11-05_hidpi.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Support for HiDPI (Retina) displays in the NbAgg and WebAgg backends
+--------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+The NbAgg and WebAgg backends will now use the full resolution of your
+high-pixel-density display.
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_webagg_core.py b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_webagg_core.py
@@ -159,6 +159,10 @@ def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         # to the connected clients.
         self._current_image_mode = 'full'
 
+        # Store the DPI ratio of the browser.  This is the scaling that
+        # occurs automatically for all images on a HiDPI display.
+        self._dpi_ratio = 1
+
     def show(self):
         # show the figure window
         from matplotlib.pyplot import show
@@ -334,7 +338,7 @@ def handle_event(self, event):
 
     def handle_resize(self, event):
         x, y = event.get('width', 800), event.get('height', 800)
-        x, y = int(x), int(y)
+        x, y = int(x) * self._dpi_ratio, int(y) * self._dpi_ratio
         fig = self.figure
         # An attempt at approximating the figure size in pixels.
         fig.set_size_inches(x / fig.dpi, y / fig.dpi, forward=False)
@@ -351,6 +355,17 @@ def handle_send_image_mode(self, event):
         # The client requests notification of what the current image mode is.
         self.send_event('image_mode', mode=self._current_image_mode)
 
+    def handle_set_dpi_ratio(self, event):
+        dpi_ratio = event.get('dpi_ratio', 1)
+        if dpi_ratio != self._dpi_ratio:
+            # We don't want to scale up the figure dpi more than once.
+            if not hasattr(self.figure, '_original_dpi'):
+                self.figure._original_dpi = self.figure.dpi
+            self.figure.dpi = dpi_ratio * self.figure._original_dpi
+            self._dpi_ratio = dpi_ratio
+            self._force_full = True
+            self.draw_idle()
+
     def send_event(self, event_type, **kwargs):
         self.manager._send_event(event_type, **kwargs)
 
@@ -436,7 +451,9 @@ def _get_toolbar(self, canvas):
         return toolbar
 
     def resize(self, w, h):
-        self._send_event('resize', size=(w, h))
+        self._send_event(
+            'resize',
+            size=(w / self.canvas._dpi_ratio, h / self.canvas._dpi_ratio))
 
     def set_window_title(self, title):
         self._send_event('figure_label', label=title)

diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/backends/web_backend/mpl.js b/lib/matplotlib/backends/web_backend/mpl.js
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 /* Put everything inside the global mpl namespace */
 window.mpl = {};
 
+
 mpl.get_websocket_type = function() {
     if (typeof(WebSocket) !== 'undefined') {
         return WebSocket;
@@ -59,6 +60,9 @@ mpl.figure = function(figure_id, websocket, ondownload, parent_element) {
     this.ws.onopen =  function () {
             fig.send_message("supports_binary", {value: fig.supports_binary});
             fig.send_message("send_image_mode", {});
+            if (mpl.ratio != 1) {
+                fig.send_message("set_dpi_ratio", {'dpi_ratio': mpl.ratio});
+            }
             fig.send_message("refresh", {});
         }
 
@@ -128,6 +132,15 @@ mpl.figure.prototype._init_canvas = function() {
     this.canvas = canvas[0];
     this.context = canvas[0].getContext("2d");
 
+    var backingStore = this.context.backingStorePixelRatio ||
+	this.context.webkitBackingStorePixelRatio ||
+	this.context.mozBackingStorePixelRatio ||
+	this.context.msBackingStorePixelRatio ||
+	this.context.oBackingStorePixelRatio ||
+	this.context.backingStorePixelRatio || 1;
+
+    mpl.ratio = (window.devicePixelRatio || 1) / backingStore;
+
     var rubberband = $('<canvas/>');
     rubberband.attr('style', "position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; z-index: 1;")
 
@@ -184,8 +197,9 @@ mpl.figure.prototype._init_canvas = function() {
         canvas_div.css('width', width)
         canvas_div.css('height', height)
 
-        canvas.attr('width', width);
-        canvas.attr('height', height);
+        canvas.attr('width', width * mpl.ratio);
+        canvas.attr('height', height * mpl.ratio);
+        canvas.attr('style', 'width: ' + width + 'px; height: ' + height + 'px;');
 
         rubberband.attr('width', width);
         rubberband.attr('height', height);
@@ -318,10 +332,10 @@ mpl.figure.prototype.handle_resize = function(fig, msg) {
 }
 
 mpl.figure.prototype.handle_rubberband = function(fig, msg) {
-    var x0 = msg['x0'];
-    var y0 = fig.canvas.height - msg['y0'];
-    var x1 = msg['x1'];
-    var y1 = fig.canvas.height - msg['y1'];
+    var x0 = msg['x0'] / mpl.ratio;
+    var y0 = (fig.canvas.height - msg['y0']) / mpl.ratio;
+    var x1 = msg['x1'] / mpl.ratio;
+    var y1 = (fig.canvas.height - msg['y1']) / mpl.ratio;
     x0 = Math.floor(x0) + 0.5;
     y0 = Math.floor(y0) + 0.5;
     x1 = Math.floor(x1) + 0.5;
@@ -477,8 +491,8 @@ mpl.figure.prototype.mouse_event = function(event, name) {
         this.canvas_div.focus();
     }
 
-    var x = canvas_pos.x;
-    var y = canvas_pos.y;
+    var x = canvas_pos.x * mpl.ratio;
+    var y = canvas_pos.y * mpl.ratio;
 
     this.send_message(name, {x: x, y: y, button: event.button,
                              step: event.step,

diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/backends/web_backend/nbagg_mpl.js b/lib/matplotlib/backends/web_backend/nbagg_mpl.js
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ mpl.mpl_figure_comm = function(comm, msg) {
 };
 
 mpl.figure.prototype.handle_close = function(fig, msg) {
+    var width = fig.canvas.width/mpl.ratio
     fig.root.unbind('remove')
 
     // Update the output cell to use the data from the current canvas.
@@ -63,7 +64,7 @@ mpl.figure.prototype.handle_close = function(fig, msg) {
     // Re-enable the keyboard manager in IPython - without this line, in FF,
     // the notebook keyboard shortcuts fail.
     IPython.keyboard_manager.enable()
-    $(fig.parent_element).html('<img src="' + dataURL + '">');
+    $(fig.parent_element).html('<img src="' + dataURL + '" width="' + width + '">');
     fig.close_ws(fig, msg);
 }
 
@@ -74,8 +75,9 @@ mpl.figure.prototype.close_ws = function(fig, msg){
 
 mpl.figure.prototype.push_to_output = function(remove_interactive) {
     // Turn the data on the canvas into data in the output cell.
+    var width = this.canvas.width/mpl.ratio
     var dataURL = this.canvas.toDataURL();
-    this.cell_info[1]['text/html'] = '<img src="' + dataURL + '">';
+    this.cell_info[1]['text/html'] = '<img src="' + dataURL + '" width="' + width + '">';
 }
 
 mpl.figure.prototype.updated_canvas_event = function() {