modelcontextprotocol
diff --git a/src/mcp/server/fastmcp/tools/base.py b/src/mcp/server/fastmcp/tools/base.py
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 from mcp.server.fastmcp.exceptions import ToolError
 from mcp.server.fastmcp.utilities.context_injection import find_context_parameter
 from mcp.server.fastmcp.utilities.func_metadata import FuncMetadata, func_metadata
+from mcp.shared.exceptions import UrlElicitationRequiredError
 from mcp.shared.tool_name_validation import validate_and_warn_tool_name
 from mcp.types import Icon, ToolAnnotations
 
@@ -108,6 +109,10 @@ async def run(
                 result = self.fn_metadata.convert_result(result)
 
             return result
+        except UrlElicitationRequiredError:
+            # Re-raise UrlElicitationRequiredError so it can be properly handled
+            # as an MCP error response with code -32042
+            raise
         except Exception as e:
             raise ToolError(f"Error executing tool {self.name}: {e}") from e
 

diff --git a/src/mcp/server/lowlevel/server.py b/src/mcp/server/lowlevel/server.py
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ async def main():
 from mcp.server.models import InitializationOptions
 from mcp.server.session import ServerSession
 from mcp.shared.context import RequestContext
-from mcp.shared.exceptions import McpError
+from mcp.shared.exceptions import McpError, UrlElicitationRequiredError
 from mcp.shared.message import ServerMessageMetadata, SessionMessage
 from mcp.shared.session import RequestResponder
 from mcp.shared.tool_name_validation import validate_and_warn_tool_name
@@ -569,6 +569,10 @@ async def handler(req: types.CallToolRequest):
                             isError=False,
                         )
                     )
+                except UrlElicitationRequiredError:
+                    # Re-raise UrlElicitationRequiredError so it can be properly handled
+                    # by _handle_request, which converts it to an error response with code -32042
+                    raise
                 except Exception as e:
                     return self._make_error_result(str(e))
 

diff --git a/tests/server/fastmcp/test_url_elicitation_error_throw.py b/tests/server/fastmcp/test_url_elicitation_error_throw.py
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+"""Test that UrlElicitationRequiredError is properly propagated as MCP error."""
+
+import pytest
+
+from mcp import types
+from mcp.server.fastmcp import Context, FastMCP
+from mcp.server.session import ServerSession
+from mcp.shared.exceptions import McpError, UrlElicitationRequiredError
+from mcp.shared.memory import create_connected_server_and_client_session
+
+
+@pytest.mark.anyio
+async def test_url_elicitation_error_thrown_from_tool():
+    """Test that UrlElicitationRequiredError raised from a tool is received as McpError by client."""
+    mcp = FastMCP(name="UrlElicitationErrorServer")
+
+    @mcp.tool(description="A tool that raises UrlElicitationRequiredError")
+    async def connect_service(service_name: str, ctx: Context[ServerSession, None]) -> str:
+        # This tool cannot proceed without authorization
+        raise UrlElicitationRequiredError(
+            [
+                types.ElicitRequestURLParams(
+                    mode="url",
+                    message=f"Authorization required to connect to {service_name}",
+                    url=f"https://{service_name}.example.com/oauth/authorize",
+                    elicitationId=f"{service_name}-auth-001",
+                )
+            ]
+        )
+
+    async with create_connected_server_and_client_session(mcp._mcp_server) as client_session:
+        await client_session.initialize()
+
+        # Call the tool - it should raise McpError with URL_ELICITATION_REQUIRED code
+        with pytest.raises(McpError) as exc_info:
+            await client_session.call_tool("connect_service", {"service_name": "github"})
+
+        # Verify the error details
+        error = exc_info.value.error
+        assert error.code == types.URL_ELICITATION_REQUIRED
+        assert error.message == "URL elicitation required"
+
+        # Verify the error data contains elicitations
+        assert error.data is not None
+        assert "elicitations" in error.data
+        elicitations = error.data["elicitations"]
+        assert len(elicitations) == 1
+        assert elicitations[0]["mode"] == "url"
+        assert elicitations[0]["url"] == "https://github.example.com/oauth/authorize"
+        assert elicitations[0]["elicitationId"] == "github-auth-001"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.anyio
+async def test_url_elicitation_error_from_error():
+    """Test that client can reconstruct UrlElicitationRequiredError from McpError."""
+    mcp = FastMCP(name="UrlElicitationErrorServer")
+
+    @mcp.tool(description="A tool that raises UrlElicitationRequiredError with multiple elicitations")
+    async def multi_auth(ctx: Context[ServerSession, None]) -> str:
+        raise UrlElicitationRequiredError(
+            [
+                types.ElicitRequestURLParams(
+                    mode="url",
+                    message="GitHub authorization required",
+                    url="https://github.example.com/oauth",
+                    elicitationId="github-auth",
+                ),
+                types.ElicitRequestURLParams(
+                    mode="url",
+                    message="Google Drive authorization required",
+                    url="https://drive.google.com/oauth",
+                    elicitationId="gdrive-auth",
+                ),
+            ]
+        )
+
+    async with create_connected_server_and_client_session(mcp._mcp_server) as client_session:
+        await client_session.initialize()
+
+        # Call the tool and catch the error
+        with pytest.raises(McpError) as exc_info:
+            await client_session.call_tool("multi_auth", {})
+
+        # Reconstruct the typed error
+        mcp_error = exc_info.value
+        assert mcp_error.error.code == types.URL_ELICITATION_REQUIRED
+
+        url_error = UrlElicitationRequiredError.from_error(mcp_error.error)
+
+        # Verify the reconstructed error has both elicitations
+        assert len(url_error.elicitations) == 2
+        assert url_error.elicitations[0].elicitationId == "github-auth"
+        assert url_error.elicitations[1].elicitationId == "gdrive-auth"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.anyio
+async def test_normal_exceptions_still_return_error_result():
+    """Test that normal exceptions still return CallToolResult with isError=True."""
+    mcp = FastMCP(name="NormalErrorServer")
+
+    @mcp.tool(description="A tool that raises a normal exception")
+    async def failing_tool(ctx: Context[ServerSession, None]) -> str:
+        raise ValueError("Something went wrong")
+
+    async with create_connected_server_and_client_session(mcp._mcp_server) as client_session:
+        await client_session.initialize()
+
+        # Normal exceptions should be returned as error results, not McpError
+        result = await client_session.call_tool("failing_tool", {})
+        assert result.isError is True
+        assert len(result.content) == 1
+        assert isinstance(result.content[0], types.TextContent)
+        assert "Something went wrong" in result.content[0].text