python
diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Core and Builtins/2023-08-10-00-00-48.gh-issue-106581.o7zDty.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Core and Builtins/2023-08-10-00-00-48.gh-issue-106581.o7zDty.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Fix possible assertion failures and missing instrumentation events when
+:envvar:`PYTHONUOPS` or :option:`-X uops <-X>` is enabled.
@@ -133,17 +133,19 @@ dummy_func(
         }
 
         inst(RESUME, (--)) {
-            #if TIER_ONE
             assert(frame == tstate->current_frame);
             /* Possibly combine this with eval breaker */
             if (_PyFrame_GetCode(frame)->_co_instrumentation_version != tstate->interp->monitoring_version) {
                 int err = _Py_Instrument(_PyFrame_GetCode(frame), tstate->interp);
                 ERROR_IF(err, error);
+                #if TIER_ONE
                 next_instr--;
+                #endif
+                #if TIER_TWO
+                goto deoptimize;
+                #endif
             }
-            else
-            #endif
-            if (oparg < 2) {
+            else if (oparg < 2) {
                 CHECK_EVAL_BREAKER();
             }
         }

diff --git a/Python/executor_cases.c.h b/Python/executor_cases.c.h
diff --git a/Python/generated_cases.c.h b/Python/generated_cases.c.h
Original file line number	Diff line number	Diff line change
		@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
		Fix possible assertion failures and missing instrumentation events when
		:envvar:`PYTHONUOPS` or :option:`-X uops <-X>` is enabled.