diff --git a/Lib/test/test_urllib.py b/Lib/test/test_urllib.py
@@ -609,10 +609,6 @@ def tearDown(self):
 
     def constructLocalFileUrl(self, filePath):
         filePath = os.path.abspath(filePath)
-        try:
-            filePath.encode("utf-8")
-        except UnicodeEncodeError:
-            raise unittest.SkipTest("filePath is not encodable to utf8")
         return "file://%s" % urllib.request.pathname2url(filePath)
 
     def createNewTempFile(self, data=b""):
@@ -1462,6 +1458,13 @@ def test_pathname2url_posix(self):
         self.assertEqual(fn('/a/b.c'), '/a/b.c')
         self.assertEqual(fn('/a/b%#c'), '/a/b%25%23c')
 
+    @unittest.skipUnless(os_helper.FS_NONASCII, 'need os_helper.FS_NONASCII')
+    def test_pathname2url_nonascii(self):
+        encoding = sys.getfilesystemencoding()
+        errors = sys.getfilesystemencodeerrors()
+        url = urllib.parse.quote(os_helper.FS_NONASCII, encoding=encoding, errors=errors)
+        self.assertEqual(urllib.request.pathname2url(os_helper.FS_NONASCII), url)
+
     @unittest.skipUnless(sys.platform == 'win32',
                          'test specific to Windows pathnames.')
     def test_url2pathname_win(self):
@@ -1512,6 +1515,15 @@ def test_url2pathname_posix(self):
         self.assertEqual(fn('////foo/bar'), '//foo/bar')
         self.assertEqual(fn('//localhost/foo/bar'), '//localhost/foo/bar')
 
+    @unittest.skipUnless(os_helper.FS_NONASCII, 'need os_helper.FS_NONASCII')
+    def test_url2pathname_nonascii(self):
+        encoding = sys.getfilesystemencoding()
+        errors = sys.getfilesystemencodeerrors()
+        url = os_helper.FS_NONASCII
+        self.assertEqual(urllib.request.url2pathname(url), os_helper.FS_NONASCII)
+        url = urllib.parse.quote(url, encoding=encoding, errors=errors)
+        self.assertEqual(urllib.request.url2pathname(url), os_helper.FS_NONASCII)
+
 class Utility_Tests(unittest.TestCase):
     """Testcase to test the various utility functions in the urllib."""
 

diff --git a/Lib/test/test_urllib2.py b/Lib/test/test_urllib2.py
@@ -718,10 +718,6 @@ def test_processors(self):
 
 
 def sanepathname2url(path):
-    try:
-        path.encode("utf-8")
-    except UnicodeEncodeError:
-        raise unittest.SkipTest("path is not encodable to utf8")
     urlpath = urllib.request.pathname2url(path)
     if os.name == "nt" and urlpath.startswith("///"):
         urlpath = urlpath[2:]

diff --git a/Lib/urllib/request.py b/Lib/urllib/request.py
@@ -1657,12 +1657,16 @@ def url2pathname(pathname):
             # URL has an empty authority section, so the path begins on the
             # third character.
             pathname = pathname[2:]
-        return unquote(pathname)
+        encoding = sys.getfilesystemencoding()
+        errors = sys.getfilesystemencodeerrors()
+        return unquote(pathname, encoding=encoding, errors=errors)
 
     def pathname2url(pathname):
         """OS-specific conversion from a file system path to a relative URL
         of the 'file' scheme; not recommended for general use."""
-        return quote(pathname)
+        encoding = sys.getfilesystemencoding()
+        errors = sys.getfilesystemencodeerrors()
+        return quote(pathname, encoding=encoding, errors=errors)
 
 
 # Utility functions

diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2024-11-15-01-50-36.gh-issue-85168.bP8VIN.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2024-11-15-01-50-36.gh-issue-85168.bP8VIN.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Fix issue where :func:`urllib.request.url2pathname` and
+:func:`~urllib.request.pathname2url` always used UTF-8 when quoting and
+unquoting file URIs. They now use the :term:`filesystem encoding and error
+handler`.