diff --git a/Doc/library/os.rst b/Doc/library/os.rst
@@ -1856,6 +1856,15 @@ features:
    * :data:`stat.UF_OPAQUE`
    * :data:`stat.UF_NOUNLINK`
    * :data:`stat.UF_COMPRESSED`
+   * :data:`stat.UF_COMPRESSED`
+   * :data:`stat.UF_TRACKED`
+   * :data:`stat.UF_SYSTEM`
+   * :data:`stat.UF_SPARSE`
+   * :data:`stat.UF_OFFLINE`
+   * :data:`stat.UF_REPARSE`
+   * :data:`stat.UF_ARCHIVE`
+   * :data:`stat.UF_READONLY`
+   * :data:`stat.UF_ENCRYPTED`
    * :data:`stat.UF_HIDDEN`
    * :data:`stat.SF_ARCHIVED`
    * :data:`stat.SF_IMMUTABLE`
@@ -2786,6 +2795,14 @@ features:
       The size of a symbolic link is the length of the pathname it contains,
       without a terminating null byte.
 
+   .. attribute:: st_flags
+
+      User defined flags for file.  On some systems this will contain the
+      equivalent BSD flags for the more specific flags returned on the given
+      platforms: See the :attr:`st_attributes` and :attr:`st_file_attributes`
+      fields below for the original values.  If the platform does not support
+      returning flags this will be set to ``0`` (no flags).
+
    Timestamps:
 
    .. attribute:: st_atime
@@ -2803,6 +2820,14 @@ features:
       * the time of most recent metadata change on Unix,
       * the time of creation on Windows, expressed in seconds.
 
+   .. attribute:: st_btime
+
+      Time of creation ("file birth") expressed in seconds.
+
+      Identical to :attr:`st_ctime` on Windows.  Some platforms, particularily
+      builds for pre-4.11 Linux kernels do not support returning this value,
+      and will return ``None`` instead.
+
    .. attribute:: st_atime_ns
 
       Time of most recent access expressed in nanoseconds as an integer.
@@ -2820,27 +2845,43 @@ features:
       * the time of creation on Windows, expressed in nanoseconds as an
         integer.
 
+   .. attribute:: st_btime_ns
+
+      Time of creation ("file birth") expressed in nanoseconds.
+
+      Identical to :attr:`st_ctime_ns` on Windows.  Some platforms,
+      particularily builds for pre-4.11 Linux kernels do not support returning
+      this value, and will return ``None`` instead.
+
    .. note::
 
       The exact meaning and resolution of the :attr:`st_atime`,
-      :attr:`st_mtime`, and :attr:`st_ctime` attributes depend on the operating
-      system and the file system. For example, on Windows systems using the FAT
-      or FAT32 file systems, :attr:`st_mtime` has 2-second resolution, and
-      :attr:`st_atime` has only 1-day resolution.  See your operating system
-      documentation for details.
+      :attr:`st_mtime`, :attr:`st_ctime`, and :attr:`st_btime` attributes depend
+      on the operating system and the file system. For example, on Windows
+      systems using the FAT or FAT32 file systems, :attr:`st_mtime` has 2-second
+      resolution, and :attr:`st_atime` has only 1-day resolution.  See your
+      operating system documentation for details.
 
       Similarly, although :attr:`st_atime_ns`, :attr:`st_mtime_ns`,
-      and :attr:`st_ctime_ns` are always expressed in nanoseconds, many
-      systems do not provide nanosecond precision.  On systems that do
-      provide nanosecond precision, the floating-point object used to
-      store :attr:`st_atime`, :attr:`st_mtime`, and :attr:`st_ctime`
-      cannot preserve all of it, and as such will be slightly inexact.
-      If you need the exact timestamps you should always use
-      :attr:`st_atime_ns`, :attr:`st_mtime_ns`, and :attr:`st_ctime_ns`.
+      :attr:`st_ctime_ns`, and :attr:`st_btime_ns` are always expressed in
+      nanoseconds, many systems do not provide nanosecond precision.  On
+      systems that do provide nanosecond precision, the floating-point object
+      used to store :attr:`st_atime`, :attr:`st_mtime`, :attr:`st_ctime`,
+      and :attr:`st_btime` cannot preserve all of it, and as such will be
+      slightly inexact. If you need the exact timestamps you should always use
+      :attr:`st_atime_ns`, :attr:`st_mtime_ns`, :attr:`st_ctime_ns`, and
+      :attr:`st_btime_ns`.
 
    On some Unix systems (such as Linux), the following attributes may also be
    available:
 
+   .. attribute:: st_attributes
+   .. attribute:: st_attributes_mask
+
+      Linux file attributes: ``stx_attributes`` and ``stx_attributes_mask``
+      members of the :c:type:`statx` structure returned by :c:func:`statx`.
+      See the ``STATX_FLAG_*`` constants in the :mod:`stat` module.
+
    .. attribute:: st_blocks
 
       Number of 512-byte blocks allocated for file.
@@ -2853,11 +2894,14 @@ features:
 
    .. attribute:: st_rdev
 
-      Type of device if an inode device.
+      Type of device (combined major and minor number) if the queried file
+      was an inode device.
 
-   .. attribute:: st_flags
+   .. attribute:: st_mnt_id
 
-      User defined flags for file.
+      Mount ID of the mountpoint the queried file resides on. Information on
+      the associated filesystem may be found by analysing
+      */proc/self/mountinfo*.
 
    On other Unix systems (such as FreeBSD), the following attributes may be
    available (but may be only filled out if root tries to use them):
@@ -2868,7 +2912,8 @@ features:
 
    .. attribute:: st_birthtime
 
-      Time of file creation.
+      Time of file creation.  Identical to :attr:`st_btime`, but retained for
+      backward compatibility.
 
    On Solaris and derivatives, the following attributes may also be
    available:
@@ -2942,6 +2987,13 @@ features:
       files as :const:`S_IFCHR`, :const:`S_IFIFO` or :const:`S_IFBLK`
       as appropriate.
 
+   .. versionadded:: 3.9
+      Added the :attr:`st_attributes` and :attr:`st_attributes_mask` members
+      on modern Linux.
+
+   .. versionadded:: 3.9
+      Added the :attr:`st_btime` and :attr:`st_flags` members for all platforms.
+
 .. function:: statvfs(path)
 
    Perform a :c:func:`statvfs` system call on the given path.  The return value is

diff --git a/Doc/library/stat.rst b/Doc/library/stat.rst
@@ -435,3 +435,19 @@ constants, but are not an exhaustive list.
           IO_REPARSE_TAG_APPEXECLINK
 
    .. versionadded:: 3.8
+
+On Linux, the following constants are available for comparing against the
+``st_attributes`` and ``st_attributes_mask`` members returned by
+:func:`os.stat`.  See the relevant man-page on
+`statx(2) <http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/statx.2.html>`_ for the exact
+meaning of these constants.
+
+.. data:: STATX_ATTR_COMPRESSED
+          STATX_ATTR_IMMUTABLE
+          STATX_ATTR_APPEND
+          STATX_ATTR_NODUMP
+          STATX_ATTR_ENCRYPTED
+          STATX_ATTR_VERITY
+          STATX_ATTR_DAX
+
+   .. versionadded:: 3.12
diff --git a/Lib/stat.py b/Lib/stat.py
@@ -110,14 +110,24 @@ def S_ISWHT(mode):
 S_IXOTH = 0o0001  # execute by others
 
 # Names for file flags
+#
+# Source: https://github.com/freebsd/freebsd/blob/master/sys/sys/stat.h
 
 UF_NODUMP    = 0x00000001  # do not dump file
 UF_IMMUTABLE = 0x00000002  # file may not be changed
 UF_APPEND    = 0x00000004  # file may only be appended to
 UF_OPAQUE    = 0x00000008  # directory is opaque when viewed through a union stack
 UF_NOUNLINK  = 0x00000010  # file may not be renamed or deleted
-UF_COMPRESSED = 0x00000020 # OS X: file is hfs-compressed
-UF_HIDDEN    = 0x00008000  # OS X: file should not be displayed
+UF_COMPRESSED = 0x00000020 # file is compressed
+UF_TRACKED   = 0x00000040  # OS X: renames and deletes are tracked
+UF_SYSTEM    = 0x00000080  # Windows: system file bit
+UF_SPARSE    = 0x00000100  # sparse file
+UF_OFFLINE   = 0x00000200  # Windows: file is offline (slow to access)
+UF_REPARSE   = 0x00000400  # Windows: reparse point file
+UF_ARCHIVE   = 0x00000800  # Windows: file should be archived
+UF_READONLY  = 0x00001000  # Windows: file is read-only
+UF_ENCRYPTED = 0x00002000  # Windows / Linux: file is encrypted
+UF_HIDDEN    = 0x00008000  # OS X / Windows: file should not be displayed
 SF_ARCHIVED  = 0x00010000  # file may be archived
 SF_IMMUTABLE = 0x00020000  # file may not be changed
 SF_APPEND    = 0x00040000  # file may only be appended to
@@ -188,6 +198,18 @@ def filemode(mode):
 FILE_ATTRIBUTE_VIRTUAL = 65536
 
 
+# Linux STATX_ATTR constants for interpreting os.stat()'s
+# "st_attributes" and "st_attributes_mask" members
+
+STATX_ATTR_COMPRESSED = 0x0004
+STATX_ATTR_IMMUTABLE = 0x0010
+STATX_ATTR_APPEND = 0x0020
+STATX_ATTR_NODUMP = 0x0040
+STATX_ATTR_ENCRYPTED = 0x0800
+STATX_ATTR_VERITY = 0x100000
+STATX_ATTR_DAX = 0x200000
+
+
 # If available, use C implementation
 try:
     from _stat import *

diff --git a/Misc/ACKS b/Misc/ACKS
@@ -1583,6 +1583,7 @@ Andreas Schawo
 Neil Schemenauer
 David Scherer
 Wolfgang Scherer
+Alexander Schlarb
 Hynek Schlawack
 Bob Schmertz
 Gregor Schmid

diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2020-03-23-18-21-49.bpo-32592.KvFMeC.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2020-03-23-18-21-49.bpo-32592.KvFMeC.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Use the ``statx(2)`` system call for :func:`os.stat` under Linux to provide
+cross-platform support for btime (time of file creation) and file
+attributes. On Windows btime is emulated using ctime and both Linux and
+Windows file attributes are converted to their (Free)BSD equivalent were
+reasonable.
diff --git a/Modules/_stat.c b/Modules/_stat.c
@@ -224,6 +224,38 @@ typedef unsigned short mode_t;
 #  define UF_COMPRESSED 0x00000020
 #endif
 
+#ifndef UF_TRACKED
+#  define UF_TRACKED 0x00000040
+#endif
+
+#ifndef UF_SYSTEM
+#  define UF_SYSTEM 0x00000080
+#endif
+
+#ifndef UF_SPARSE
+#  define UF_SPARSE 0x00000100
+#endif
+
+#ifndef UF_OFFLINE
+#  define UF_OFFLINE 0x00000200
+#endif
+
+#ifndef UF_REPARSE
+#  define UF_REPARSE 0x00000400
+#endif
+
+#ifndef UF_ARCHIVE
+#  define UF_ARCHIVE 0x00000800
+#endif
+
+#ifndef UF_READONLY
+#  define UF_READONLY 0x00001000
+#endif
+
+#ifndef UF_ENCRYPTED
+#  define UF_ENCRYPTED 0x00002000
+#endif
+
 #ifndef UF_HIDDEN
 #  define UF_HIDDEN 0x00008000
 #endif
@@ -470,7 +502,15 @@ UF_IMMUTABLE: file may not be changed\n\
 UF_APPEND: file may only be appended to\n\
 UF_OPAQUE: directory is opaque when viewed through a union stack\n\
 UF_NOUNLINK: file may not be renamed or deleted\n\
-UF_COMPRESSED: OS X: file is hfs-compressed\n\
+UF_COMPRESSED: file is compressed\n\
+UF_TRACKED: OS X: renames and deletes are tracked\n\
+UF_SYSTEM: Windows: system file bit\n\
+UF_SPARSE: sparse file\n\
+UF_OFFLINE: Windows: file is offline (slow to access)\n\
+UF_REPARSE: Windows: reparse point file\n\
+UF_ARCHIVE: Windows: file should be archived\n\
+UF_READONLY: Windows: file is read-only\n\
+UF_ENCRYPTED: Windows / Linux: file is encrypted\n\
 UF_HIDDEN: OS X: file should not be displayed\n\
 SF_ARCHIVED: file may be archived\n\
 SF_IMMUTABLE: file may not be changed\n\
@@ -493,6 +533,10 @@ ST_CTIME\n\
 
 "FILE_ATTRIBUTE_*: Windows file attribute constants\n\
                    (only present on Windows)\n\
+\n"
+
+"STATX_ATTR_*: Linux statx(2) file attribute constants\n\
+               (only present on modern Linux)\n\
 ");
 
 
@@ -547,6 +591,14 @@ stat_exec(PyObject *module)
     ADD_INT_MACRO(module, UF_OPAQUE);
     ADD_INT_MACRO(module, UF_NOUNLINK);
     ADD_INT_MACRO(module, UF_COMPRESSED);
+    ADD_INT_MACRO(module, UF_TRACKED);
+    ADD_INT_MACRO(module, UF_SYSTEM);
+    ADD_INT_MACRO(module, UF_SPARSE);
+    ADD_INT_MACRO(module, UF_OFFLINE);
+    ADD_INT_MACRO(module, UF_REPARSE);
+    ADD_INT_MACRO(module, UF_ARCHIVE);
+    ADD_INT_MACRO(module, UF_READONLY);
+    ADD_INT_MACRO(module, UF_ENCRYPTED);
     ADD_INT_MACRO(module, UF_HIDDEN);
     ADD_INT_MACRO(module, SF_ARCHIVED);
     ADD_INT_MACRO(module, SF_IMMUTABLE);
@@ -604,7 +656,17 @@ stat_exec(PyObject *module)
                            PyLong_FromUnsignedLong(IO_REPARSE_TAG_APPEXECLINK)) < 0) {
             return -1;
     }
-#endif
+#endif /* MS_WINDOWS */
+
+#ifdef HAVE_LINUX_STATX
+    ADD_INT_MACRO(module, STATX_ATTR_COMPRESSED);
+    ADD_INT_MACRO(module, STATX_ATTR_IMMUTABLE);
+    ADD_INT_MACRO(module, STATX_ATTR_APPEND);
+    ADD_INT_MACRO(module, STATX_ATTR_NODUMP);
+    ADD_INT_MACRO(module, STATX_ATTR_ENCRYPTED);
+    ADD_INT_MACRO(module, STATX_ATTR_VERITY);
+    ADD_INT_MACRO(module, STATX_ATTR_DAX);
+#endif /* HAVE_LINUX_STATX */
 
     return 0;
 }