diff --git a/Doc/library/zipimport.rst b/Doc/library/zipimport.rst
@@ -44,8 +44,9 @@ doesn't contain :file:`.pyc` files, importing may be rather slow.
       follows the specification in :pep:`273`, but uses an implementation written by Just
       van Rossum that uses the import hooks described in :pep:`302`.
 
-   :pep:`302` - New Import Hooks
-      The PEP to add the import hooks that help this module work.
+   :mod:`importlib` - The implementation of the import machinery
+      Package providing the relevant protocols for all importers to
+      implement.
 
 
 This module defines an exception:
@@ -73,14 +74,49 @@ zipimporter Objects
    :exc:`ZipImportError` is raised if *archivepath* doesn't point to a valid ZIP
    archive.
 
-   .. method:: find_module(fullname[, path])
+   .. method:: create_module(spec)
+
+      Implementation of :meth:`importlib.abc.Loader.create_module` that returns
+      :const:`None` to explicitly request the default semantics.
+
+      .. versionadded:: 3.10
+
+
+   .. method:: exec_module(module)
+
+      Implementation of :meth:`importlib.abc.Loader.exec_module`.
+
+      .. versionadded:: 3.10
+
+
+   .. method:: find_loader(fullname, path=None)
+
+      An implementation of :meth:`importlib.abc.PathEntryFinder.find_loader`.
+
+      .. deprecated:: 3.10
+
+         Use :meth:`find_spec` instead.
+
+
+   .. method:: find_module(fullname, path=None)
 
       Search for a module specified by *fullname*. *fullname* must be the fully
       qualified (dotted) module name. It returns the zipimporter instance itself
       if the module was found, or :const:`None` if it wasn't. The optional
       *path* argument is ignored---it's there for compatibility with the
       importer protocol.
 
+      .. deprecated:: 3.10
+
+         Use :meth:`find_spec` instead.
+
+
+   .. method:: find_spec(fullname, target=None)
+
+      An implementation of :meth:`importlib.abc.PathEntryFinder.find_spec`.
+
+      .. versionadded:: 3.10
+
 
    .. method:: get_code(fullname)
 
@@ -126,6 +162,10 @@ zipimporter Objects
       qualified (dotted) module name. It returns the imported module, or raises
       :exc:`ZipImportError` if it wasn't found.
 
+      .. deprecated:: 3.10
+
+         Use :meth:`exec_module` instead.
+
 
    .. attribute:: archive
 

diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/3.10.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/3.10.rst
@@ -303,6 +303,13 @@ Add a :class:`~xml.sax.handler.LexicalHandler` class to the
 :mod:`xml.sax.handler` module.
 (Contributed by Jonathan Gossage and Zackery Spytz in :issue:`35018`.)
 
+zipimport
+---------
+Add methods related to :pep:`451`: :meth:`~zipimport.zipimporter.find_spec`,
+:meth:`zipimport.zipimporter.create_module`, and
+:meth:`zipimport.zipimporter.exec_module`.
+(Contributed by Brett Cannon in :issue:`42131`.
+
 
 Optimizations
 =============

diff --git a/Lib/test/test_zipimport.py b/Lib/test/test_zipimport.py
@@ -450,8 +450,9 @@ def testZipImporterMethods(self):
 
         zi = zipimport.zipimporter(TEMP_ZIP)
         self.assertEqual(zi.archive, TEMP_ZIP)
-        self.assertEqual(zi.is_package(TESTPACK), True)
+        self.assertTrue(zi.is_package(TESTPACK))
 
+        # PEP 302
         find_mod = zi.find_module('spam')
         self.assertIsNotNone(find_mod)
         self.assertIsInstance(find_mod, zipimport.zipimporter)
@@ -462,25 +463,39 @@ def testZipImporterMethods(self):
         mod = zi.load_module(TESTPACK)
         self.assertEqual(zi.get_filename(TESTPACK), mod.__file__)
 
+        # PEP 451
+        spec = zi.find_spec('spam')
+        self.assertIsNotNone(spec)
+        self.assertIsInstance(spec.loader, zipimport.zipimporter)
+        self.assertFalse(spec.loader.is_package('spam'))
+        exec_mod = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
+        spec.loader.exec_module(exec_mod)
+        self.assertEqual(spec.loader.get_filename('spam'), exec_mod.__file__)
+
+        spec = zi.find_spec(TESTPACK)
+        mod = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
+        spec.loader.exec_module(mod)
+        self.assertEqual(zi.get_filename(TESTPACK), mod.__file__)
+
         existing_pack_path = importlib.import_module(TESTPACK).__path__[0]
         expected_path_path = os.path.join(TEMP_ZIP, TESTPACK)
         self.assertEqual(existing_pack_path, expected_path_path)
 
-        self.assertEqual(zi.is_package(packdir + '__init__'), False)
-        self.assertEqual(zi.is_package(packdir + TESTPACK2), True)
-        self.assertEqual(zi.is_package(packdir2 + TESTMOD), False)
+        self.assertFalse(zi.is_package(packdir + '__init__'))
+        self.assertTrue(zi.is_package(packdir + TESTPACK2))
+        self.assertFalse(zi.is_package(packdir2 + TESTMOD))
 
         mod_path = packdir2 + TESTMOD
         mod_name = module_path_to_dotted_name(mod_path)
         mod = importlib.import_module(mod_name)
         self.assertTrue(mod_name in sys.modules)
-        self.assertEqual(zi.get_source(TESTPACK), None)
-        self.assertEqual(zi.get_source(mod_path), None)
+        self.assertIsNone(zi.get_source(TESTPACK))
+        self.assertIsNone(zi.get_source(mod_path))
         self.assertEqual(zi.get_filename(mod_path), mod.__file__)
         # To pass in the module name instead of the path, we must use the
         # right importer
-        loader = mod.__loader__
-        self.assertEqual(loader.get_source(mod_name), None)
+        loader = mod.__spec__.loader
+        self.assertIsNone(loader.get_source(mod_name))
         self.assertEqual(loader.get_filename(mod_name), mod.__file__)
 
         # test prefix and archivepath members
@@ -505,17 +520,22 @@ def testZipImporterMethodsInSubDirectory(self):
         zi = zipimport.zipimporter(TEMP_ZIP + os.sep + packdir)
         self.assertEqual(zi.archive, TEMP_ZIP)
         self.assertEqual(zi.prefix, packdir)
-        self.assertEqual(zi.is_package(TESTPACK2), True)
+        self.assertTrue(zi.is_package(TESTPACK2))
+        # PEP 302
         mod = zi.load_module(TESTPACK2)
         self.assertEqual(zi.get_filename(TESTPACK2), mod.__file__)
+        # PEP 451
+        spec = zi.find_spec(TESTPACK2)
+        mod = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
+        spec.loader.exec_module(mod)
+        self.assertEqual(spec.loader.get_filename(TESTPACK2), mod.__file__)
 
-        self.assertEqual(
-            zi.is_package(TESTPACK2 + os.sep + '__init__'), False)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            zi.is_package(TESTPACK2 + os.sep + TESTMOD), False)
+        self.assertFalse(zi.is_package(TESTPACK2 + os.sep + '__init__'))
+        self.assertFalse(zi.is_package(TESTPACK2 + os.sep + TESTMOD))
 
         pkg_path = TEMP_ZIP + os.sep + packdir + TESTPACK2
         zi2 = zipimport.zipimporter(pkg_path)
+        # PEP 302
         find_mod_dotted = zi2.find_module(TESTMOD)
         self.assertIsNotNone(find_mod_dotted)
         self.assertIsInstance(find_mod_dotted, zipimport.zipimporter)
@@ -524,17 +544,27 @@ def testZipImporterMethodsInSubDirectory(self):
         self.assertEqual(
             find_mod_dotted.get_filename(TESTMOD), load_mod.__file__)
 
+        # PEP 451
+        spec = zi2.find_spec(TESTMOD)
+        self.assertIsNotNone(spec)
+        self.assertIsInstance(spec.loader, zipimport.zipimporter)
+        self.assertFalse(spec.loader.is_package(TESTMOD))
+        load_mod = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
+        spec.loader.exec_module(load_mod)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            spec.loader.get_filename(TESTMOD), load_mod.__file__)
+
         mod_path = TESTPACK2 + os.sep + TESTMOD
         mod_name = module_path_to_dotted_name(mod_path)
         mod = importlib.import_module(mod_name)
         self.assertTrue(mod_name in sys.modules)
-        self.assertEqual(zi.get_source(TESTPACK2), None)
-        self.assertEqual(zi.get_source(mod_path), None)
+        self.assertIsNone(zi.get_source(TESTPACK2))
+        self.assertIsNone(zi.get_source(mod_path))
         self.assertEqual(zi.get_filename(mod_path), mod.__file__)
         # To pass in the module name instead of the path, we must use the
         # right importer.
         loader = mod.__loader__
-        self.assertEqual(loader.get_source(mod_name), None)
+        self.assertIsNone(loader.get_source(mod_name))
         self.assertEqual(loader.get_filename(mod_name), mod.__file__)
 
     def testGetData(self):
@@ -655,7 +685,9 @@ def testUnencodable(self):
             zinfo = ZipInfo(TESTMOD + ".py", time.localtime(NOW))
             zinfo.compress_type = self.compression
             z.writestr(zinfo, test_src)
-        zipimport.zipimporter(filename).load_module(TESTMOD)
+        spec = zipimport.zipimporter(filename).find_spec(TESTMOD)
+        mod = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
+        spec.loader.exec_module(mod)
 
     def testBytesPath(self):
         filename = os_helper.TESTFN + ".zip"
@@ -747,14 +779,17 @@ def _testBogusZipFile(self):
 
         try:
             self.assertRaises(TypeError, z.find_module, None)
+            self.assertRaises(TypeError, z.find_spec, None)
+            self.assertRaises(TypeError, z.exec_module, None)
             self.assertRaises(TypeError, z.load_module, None)
             self.assertRaises(TypeError, z.is_package, None)
             self.assertRaises(TypeError, z.get_code, None)
             self.assertRaises(TypeError, z.get_data, None)
             self.assertRaises(TypeError, z.get_source, None)
 
             error = zipimport.ZipImportError
-            self.assertEqual(z.find_module('abc'), None)
+            self.assertIsNone(z.find_module('abc'))
+            self.assertIsNone(z.find_spec('abc'))
 
             self.assertRaises(error, z.load_module, 'abc')
             self.assertRaises(error, z.get_code, 'abc')

diff --git a/Lib/zipimport.py b/Lib/zipimport.py
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ class ZipImportError(ImportError):
 STRING_END_ARCHIVE = b'PK\x05\x06'
 MAX_COMMENT_LEN = (1 << 16) - 1
 
-class zipimporter:
+class zipimporter(_bootstrap_external._LoaderBasics):
     """zipimporter(archivepath) -> zipimporter object
 
     Create a new zipimporter instance. 'archivepath' must be a path to
@@ -115,6 +115,8 @@ def find_loader(self, fullname, path=None):
         full path name if it's possibly a portion of a namespace package,
         or None otherwise. The optional 'path' argument is ignored -- it's
         there for compatibility with the importer protocol.
+
+        Deprecated since Python 3.10. Use find_spec() instead.
         """
         mi = _get_module_info(self, fullname)
         if mi is not None:
@@ -146,9 +148,37 @@ def find_module(self, fullname, path=None):
         instance itself if the module was found, or None if it wasn't.
         The optional 'path' argument is ignored -- it's there for compatibility
         with the importer protocol.
+
+        Deprecated since Python 3.10. Use find_spec() instead.
         """
         return self.find_loader(fullname, path)[0]
 
+    def find_spec(self, fullname, target=None):
+        """Create a ModuleSpec for the specified module.
+
+        Returns None if the module cannot be found.
+        """
+        module_info = _get_module_info(self, fullname)
+        if module_info is not None:
+            return _bootstrap.spec_from_loader(fullname, self, is_package=module_info)
+        else:
+            # Not a module or regular package. See if this is a directory, and
+            # therefore possibly a portion of a namespace package.
+
+            # We're only interested in the last path component of fullname
+            # earlier components are recorded in self.prefix.
+            modpath = _get_module_path(self, fullname)
+            if _is_dir(self, modpath):
+                # This is possibly a portion of a namespace
+                # package. Return the string representing its path,
+                # without a trailing separator.
+                path = f'{self.archive}{path_sep}{modpath}'
+                spec = _bootstrap.ModuleSpec(name=fullname, loader=None,
+                                             is_package=True)
+                spec.submodule_search_locations.append(path)
+                return spec
+            else:
+                return None
 
     def get_code(self, fullname):
         """get_code(fullname) -> code object.
@@ -237,6 +267,8 @@ def load_module(self, fullname):
         Load the module specified by 'fullname'. 'fullname' must be the
         fully qualified (dotted) module name. It returns the imported
         module, or raises ZipImportError if it wasn't found.
+
+        Deprecated since Python 3.10. use exec_module() instead.
         """
         code, ispackage, modpath = _get_module_code(self, fullname)
         mod = sys.modules.get(fullname)

diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2020-11-06-18-20-47.bpo-42131.l2rjjG.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2020-11-06-18-20-47.bpo-42131.l2rjjG.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Implement PEP 451/spec methods on zipimport.zipimporter: find_spec(),
+create_module(), and exec_module().
+
+This also allows for the documented deprecation of find_loader(),
+find_module(), and load_module().