python
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_compile.py b/Lib/test/test_compile.py
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ def test_leading_newlines(self):
         s256 = "".join(["\n"] * 256 + ["spam"])
         co = compile(s256, 'fn', 'exec')
         self.assertEqual(co.co_firstlineno, 1)
-        self.assertEqual(list(co.co_lines()), [(0, 4, 257), (4, 8, None)])
+        self.assertEqual(list(co.co_lines()), [(0, 8, 257)])
 
     def test_literals_with_leading_zeroes(self):
         for arg in ["077787", "0xj", "0x.", "0e",  "090000000000000",
@@ -775,6 +775,39 @@ def or_false(x):
                 self.assertIn('LOAD_', opcodes[0].opname)
                 self.assertEqual('RETURN_VALUE', opcodes[1].opname)
 
+    def test_lineno_after_implicit_return(self):
+        TRUE = True
+        # Don't use constant True or False, as compiler will remove test
+        def if1(x):
+            x()
+            if TRUE:
+                pass
+        def if2(x):
+            x()
+            if TRUE:
+                pass
+            else:
+                pass
+        def if3(x):
+            x()
+            if TRUE:
+                pass
+            else:
+                return None
+        def if4(x):
+            x()
+            if not TRUE:
+                pass
+        funcs = [ if1, if2, if3, if4]
+        lastlines = [ 3, 3, 3, 2]
+        frame = None
+        def save_caller_frame():
+            nonlocal frame
+            frame = sys._getframe(1)
+        for func, lastline in zip(funcs, lastlines, strict=True):
+            with self.subTest(func=func):
+                func(save_caller_frame)
+                self.assertEqual(frame.f_lineno-frame.f_code.co_firstlineno, lastline)
 
     def test_big_dict_literal(self):
         # The compiler has a flushing point in "compiler_dict" that calls compiles

diff --git a/Lib/test/test_dis.py b/Lib/test/test_dis.py
@@ -131,12 +131,14 @@ def bug708901():
              12 STORE_FAST               0 (res)
 
 %3d          14 JUMP_ABSOLUTE           10
-        >>   16 LOAD_CONST               0 (None)
+
+%3d     >>   16 LOAD_CONST               0 (None)
              18 RETURN_VALUE
 """ % (bug708901.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1,
        bug708901.__code__.co_firstlineno + 2,
        bug708901.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1,
-       bug708901.__code__.co_firstlineno + 3)
+       bug708901.__code__.co_firstlineno + 3,
+       bug708901.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1)
 
 
 def bug1333982(x=[]):
@@ -295,13 +297,15 @@ def bug1333982(x=[]):
              52 STORE_FAST               0 (e)
              54 DELETE_FAST              0 (e)
              56 RERAISE
-        >>   58 RERAISE
+
+%3d     >>   58 RERAISE
 """ % (TRACEBACK_CODE.co_firstlineno + 1,
        TRACEBACK_CODE.co_firstlineno + 2,
        TRACEBACK_CODE.co_firstlineno + 5,
        TRACEBACK_CODE.co_firstlineno + 3,
        TRACEBACK_CODE.co_firstlineno + 4,
-       TRACEBACK_CODE.co_firstlineno + 5)
+       TRACEBACK_CODE.co_firstlineno + 5,
+       TRACEBACK_CODE.co_firstlineno + 3)
 
 def _fstring(a, b, c, d):
     return f'{a} {b:4} {c!r} {d!r:4}'

diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Core and Builtins/2020-11-24-14-01-43.bpo-42246.c9k9hj.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Core and Builtins/2020-11-24-14-01-43.bpo-42246.c9k9hj.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+PEP 626: After a return, the f_lineno attribute of a frame is always the
+last line executed.
diff --git a/Python/compile.c b/Python/compile.c
@@ -812,6 +812,28 @@ compiler_use_next_block(struct compiler *c, basicblock *block)
     return block;
 }
 
+static basicblock *
+compiler_copy_block(struct compiler *c, basicblock *block)
+{
+    /* Cannot copy a block if it has a fallthrough, since
+     * a block can only have one fallthrough predecessor.
+     */
+    assert(block->b_nofallthrough);
+    basicblock *result = compiler_next_block(c);
+    if (result == NULL) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    for (int i = 0; i < block->b_iused; i++) {
+        int n = compiler_next_instr(result);
+        if (n < 0) {
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        result->b_instr[n] = block->b_instr[i];
+    }
+    result->b_exit = block->b_exit;
+    return result;
+}
+
 /* Returns the offset of the next instruction in the current block's
    b_instr array.  Resizes the b_instr as necessary.
    Returns -1 on failure.
@@ -2732,12 +2754,13 @@ compiler_if(struct compiler *c, stmt_ty s)
 static int
 compiler_for(struct compiler *c, stmt_ty s)
 {
-    basicblock *start, *cleanup, *end;
+    basicblock *start, *body, *cleanup, *end;
 
     start = compiler_new_block(c);
+    body = compiler_new_block(c);
     cleanup = compiler_new_block(c);
     end = compiler_new_block(c);
-    if (start == NULL || end == NULL || cleanup == NULL) {
+    if (start == NULL || body == NULL || end == NULL || cleanup == NULL) {
         return 0;
     }
     if (!compiler_push_fblock(c, FOR_LOOP, start, end, NULL)) {
@@ -2747,6 +2770,7 @@ compiler_for(struct compiler *c, stmt_ty s)
     ADDOP(c, GET_ITER);
     compiler_use_next_block(c, start);
     ADDOP_JUMP(c, FOR_ITER, cleanup);
+    compiler_use_next_block(c, body);
     VISIT(c, expr, s->v.For.target);
     VISIT_SEQ(c, stmt, s->v.For.body);
     ADDOP_JUMP(c, JUMP_ABSOLUTE, start);
@@ -5929,9 +5953,16 @@ dump_basicblock(const basicblock *b)
 }
 #endif
 
+
+static int
+normalize_basic_block(basicblock *bb);
+
 static int
 optimize_cfg(struct assembler *a, PyObject *consts);
 
+static int
+ensure_exits_have_lineno(struct compiler *c);
+
 static PyCodeObject *
 assemble(struct compiler *c, int addNone)
 {
@@ -5952,6 +5983,16 @@ assemble(struct compiler *c, int addNone)
         ADDOP(c, RETURN_VALUE);
     }
 
+    for (basicblock *b = c->u->u_blocks; b != NULL; b = b->b_list) {
+        if (normalize_basic_block(b)) {
+            goto error;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (ensure_exits_have_lineno(c)) {
+        goto error;
+    }
+
     nblocks = 0;
     entryblock = NULL;
     for (b = c->u->u_blocks; b != NULL; b = b->b_list) {
@@ -5966,6 +6007,7 @@ assemble(struct compiler *c, int addNone)
        else
             c->u->u_firstlineno = 1;
     }
+
     if (!assemble_init(&a, nblocks, c->u->u_firstlineno))
         goto error;
     a.a_entry = entryblock;
@@ -6338,7 +6380,6 @@ clean_basic_block(basicblock *bb) {
     bb->b_iused = dest;
 }
 
-
 static int
 normalize_basic_block(basicblock *bb) {
     /* Mark blocks as exit and/or nofallthrough.
@@ -6349,7 +6390,8 @@ normalize_basic_block(basicblock *bb) {
             case RAISE_VARARGS:
             case RERAISE:
                 bb->b_exit = 1;
-                /* fall through */
+                bb->b_nofallthrough = 1;
+                break;
             case JUMP_ABSOLUTE:
             case JUMP_FORWARD:
                 bb->b_nofallthrough = 1;
@@ -6358,16 +6400,21 @@ normalize_basic_block(basicblock *bb) {
             case POP_JUMP_IF_TRUE:
             case JUMP_IF_FALSE_OR_POP:
             case JUMP_IF_TRUE_OR_POP:
+            case FOR_ITER:
                 if (i != bb->b_iused-1) {
                     PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError, "malformed control flow graph.");
                     return -1;
                 }
+                /* Skip over empty basic blocks. */
+                while (bb->b_instr[i].i_target->b_iused == 0) {
+                    bb->b_instr[i].i_target = bb->b_instr[i].i_target->b_next;
+                }
+
         }
     }
     return 0;
 }
 
-
 static int
 mark_reachable(struct assembler *a) {
     basicblock **stack, **sp;
@@ -6398,8 +6445,27 @@ mark_reachable(struct assembler *a) {
     return 0;
 }
 
+/* If an instruction has no line number, but it's predecessor in the BB does,
+ * then copy the line number. This reduces the size of the line number table,
+ * but has no impact on the generated line number events.
+ */
+static void
+minimize_lineno_table(struct assembler *a) {
+    for (basicblock *b = a->a_entry; b != NULL; b = b->b_next) {
+        int prev_lineno = -1;
+        for (int i = 0; i < b->b_iused; i++) {
+            if (b->b_instr[i].i_lineno < 0) {
+                b->b_instr[i].i_lineno = prev_lineno;
+            }
+            else {
+                prev_lineno = b->b_instr[i].i_lineno;
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+}
 
-/* Perform basic peephole optimizations on a control flow graph.
+/* Perform optimizations on a control flow graph.
    The consts object should still be in list form to allow new constants
    to be appended.
 
@@ -6411,11 +6477,6 @@ mark_reachable(struct assembler *a) {
 static int
 optimize_cfg(struct assembler *a, PyObject *consts)
 {
-    for (basicblock *b = a->a_entry; b != NULL; b = b->b_next) {
-        if (normalize_basic_block(b)) {
-            return -1;
-        }
-    }
     for (basicblock *b = a->a_entry; b != NULL; b = b->b_next) {
         if (optimize_basic_block(b, consts)) {
             return -1;
@@ -6432,9 +6493,63 @@ optimize_cfg(struct assembler *a, PyObject *consts)
             b->b_iused = 0;
        }
     }
+    minimize_lineno_table(a);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static inline int
+is_exit_without_lineno(basicblock *b) {
+    return b->b_exit && b->b_instr[0].i_lineno < 0;
+}
+
+/* PEP 626 mandates that the f_lineno of a frame is correct
+ * after a frame terminates. It would be prohibitively expensive
+ * to continuously update the f_lineno field at runtime,
+ * so we make sure that all exiting instruction (raises and returns)
+ * have a valid line number, allowing us to compute f_lineno lazily.
+ * We can do this by duplicating the exit blocks without line number
+ * so that none have more than one predecessor. We can then safely
+ * copy the line number from the sole predecessor block.
+ */
+static int
+ensure_exits_have_lineno(struct compiler *c)
+{
+    /* Copy all exit blocks without line number that are targets of a jump.
+     */
+    for (basicblock *b = c->u->u_blocks; b != NULL; b = b->b_list) {
+        if (b->b_iused > 0 && is_jump(&b->b_instr[b->b_iused-1])) {
+            switch (b->b_instr[b->b_iused-1].i_opcode) {
+                /* Note: Only actual jumps, not exception handlers */
+                case SETUP_ASYNC_WITH:
+                case SETUP_WITH:
+                case SETUP_FINALLY:
+                    continue;
+            }
+            basicblock *target = b->b_instr[b->b_iused-1].i_target;
+            if (is_exit_without_lineno(target)) {
+                basicblock *new_target = compiler_copy_block(c, target);
+                if (new_target == NULL) {
+                    return -1;
+                }
+                new_target->b_instr[0].i_lineno = b->b_instr[b->b_iused-1].i_lineno;
+                b->b_instr[b->b_iused-1].i_target = new_target;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    /* Any remaining reachable exit blocks without line number can only be reached by
+     * fall through, and thus can only have a single predecessor */
+    for (basicblock *b = c->u->u_blocks; b != NULL; b = b->b_list) {
+        if (!b->b_nofallthrough && b->b_next && b->b_iused > 0) {
+            if (is_exit_without_lineno(b->b_next)) {
+                assert(b->b_next->b_iused > 0);
+                b->b_next->b_instr[0].i_lineno = b->b_instr[b->b_iused-1].i_lineno;
+            }
+        }
+    }
     return 0;
 }
 
+
 /* Retained for API compatibility.
  * Optimization is now done in optimize_cfg */
Original file line number	Diff line number	Diff line change
		@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
		PEP 626: After a return, the f_lineno attribute of a frame is always the
		last line executed.