diff --git a/stdlib/builtins.pyi b/stdlib/builtins.pyi
@@ -1120,13 +1120,13 @@ class dict(MutableMapping[_KT, _VT], Generic[_KT, _VT]):
     if sys.version_info >= (3, 9):
         def __class_getitem__(cls, __item: Any) -> GenericAlias: ...
         @overload
-        def __or__(self, __value: Mapping[_KT, _VT]) -> dict[_KT, _VT]: ...
+        def __or__(self, __value: dict[_KT, _VT]) -> dict[_KT, _VT]: ...
         @overload
-        def __or__(self, __value: Mapping[_T1, _T2]) -> dict[_KT | _T1, _VT | _T2]: ...
+        def __or__(self, __value: dict[_T1, _T2]) -> dict[_KT | _T1, _VT | _T2]: ...
         @overload
-        def __ror__(self, __value: Mapping[_KT, _VT]) -> dict[_KT, _VT]: ...
+        def __ror__(self, __value: dict[_KT, _VT]) -> dict[_KT, _VT]: ...
         @overload
-        def __ror__(self, __value: Mapping[_T1, _T2]) -> dict[_KT | _T1, _VT | _T2]: ...
+        def __ror__(self, __value: dict[_T1, _T2]) -> dict[_KT | _T1, _VT | _T2]: ...
         # dict.__ior__ should be kept roughly in line with MutableMapping.update()
         @overload  # type: ignore[misc]
         def __ior__(self, __value: SupportsKeysAndGetItem[_KT, _VT]) -> Self: ...

diff --git a/stdlib/collections/__init__.pyi b/stdlib/collections/__init__.pyi
@@ -402,13 +402,13 @@ class defaultdict(dict[_KT, _VT], Generic[_KT, _VT]):
     def copy(self) -> Self: ...
     if sys.version_info >= (3, 9):
         @overload
-        def __or__(self, __value: Mapping[_KT, _VT]) -> Self: ...
+        def __or__(self, __value: dict[_KT, _VT]) -> Self: ...
         @overload
-        def __or__(self, __value: Mapping[_T1, _T2]) -> defaultdict[_KT | _T1, _VT | _T2]: ...
+        def __or__(self, __value: dict[_T1, _T2]) -> defaultdict[_KT | _T1, _VT | _T2]: ...
         @overload
-        def __ror__(self, __value: Mapping[_KT, _VT]) -> Self: ...
+        def __ror__(self, __value: dict[_KT, _VT]) -> Self: ...
         @overload
-        def __ror__(self, __value: Mapping[_T1, _T2]) -> defaultdict[_KT | _T1, _VT | _T2]: ...
+        def __ror__(self, __value: dict[_T1, _T2]) -> defaultdict[_KT | _T1, _VT | _T2]: ...  # type: ignore[misc]
 
 class ChainMap(MutableMapping[_KT, _VT], Generic[_KT, _VT]):
     maps: list[MutableMapping[_KT, _VT]]

diff --git a/test_cases/stdlib/builtins/check_dict-py39.py b/test_cases/stdlib/builtins/check_dict-py39.py
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+"""
+Tests for `dict.__(r)or__`.
+
+`dict.__or__` and `dict.__ror__` were only added in py39,
+hence why these are in a separate file to the other test cases for `dict`.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+import sys
+from typing import Mapping, TypeVar, Union
+from typing_extensions import Self, assert_type
+
+_KT = TypeVar("_KT")
+_VT = TypeVar("_VT")
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 9):
+
+    class CustomDictSubclass(dict[_KT, _VT]):
+        pass
+
+    class CustomMappingWithDunderOr(Mapping[_KT, _VT]):
+        def __or__(self, other: Mapping[_KT, _VT]) -> dict[_KT, _VT]:
+            return {}
+
+        def __ror__(self, other: Mapping[_KT, _VT]) -> dict[_KT, _VT]:
+            return {}
+
+        def __ior__(self, other: Mapping[_KT, _VT]) -> Self:
+            return self
+
+    def test_dict_dot_or(
+        a: dict[int, int],
+        b: CustomDictSubclass[int, int],
+        c: dict[str, str],
+        d: Mapping[int, int],
+        e: CustomMappingWithDunderOr[str, str],
+    ) -> None:
+        # dict.__(r)or__ always returns a dict, even if called on a subclass of dict:
+        assert_type(a | b, dict[int, int])
+        assert_type(b | a, dict[int, int])
+
+        assert_type(a | c, dict[Union[int, str], Union[int, str]])
+
+        # arbitrary mappings are not accepted by `dict.__or__`;
+        # it has to be a subclass of `dict`
+        a | d  # type: ignore
+
+        # but Mappings such as `os._Environ` or `CustomMappingWithDunderOr`,
+        # which define `__ror__` methods that accept `dict`, are fine:
+        assert_type(a | os.environ, dict[Union[str, int], Union[str, int]])
+        assert_type(os.environ | a, dict[Union[str, int], Union[str, int]])
+
+        assert_type(c | os.environ, dict[str, str])
+        assert_type(c | e, dict[str, str])
+
+        assert_type(os.environ | c, dict[str, str])
+        assert_type(e | c, dict[str, str])
+
+        e |= c
+        e |= a  # type: ignore
+
+        # TODO: this test passes mypy, but fails pyright for some reason:
+        # c |= e
+
+        c |= a  # type: ignore
diff --git a/test_cases/stdlib/collections/check_defaultdict-py39.py b/test_cases/stdlib/collections/check_defaultdict-py39.py
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+"""
+Tests for `defaultdict.__or__` and `defaultdict.__ror__`.
+These methods were only added in py39.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+import sys
+from collections import defaultdict
+from typing import Mapping, TypeVar, Union
+from typing_extensions import Self, assert_type
+
+_KT = TypeVar("_KT")
+_VT = TypeVar("_VT")
+
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 9):
+
+    class CustomDefaultDictSubclass(defaultdict[_KT, _VT]):
+        pass
+
+    class CustomMappingWithDunderOr(Mapping[_KT, _VT]):
+        def __or__(self, other: Mapping[_KT, _VT]) -> dict[_KT, _VT]:
+            return {}
+
+        def __ror__(self, other: Mapping[_KT, _VT]) -> dict[_KT, _VT]:
+            return {}
+
+        def __ior__(self, other: Mapping[_KT, _VT]) -> Self:
+            return self
+
+    def test_defaultdict_dot_or(
+        a: defaultdict[int, int],
+        b: CustomDefaultDictSubclass[int, int],
+        c: defaultdict[str, str],
+        d: Mapping[int, int],
+        e: CustomMappingWithDunderOr[str, str],
+    ) -> None:
+        assert_type(a | b, defaultdict[int, int])
+
+        # In contrast to `dict.__or__`, `defaultdict.__or__` returns `Self` if called on a subclass of `defaultdict`:
+        assert_type(b | a, CustomDefaultDictSubclass[int, int])
+
+        assert_type(a | c, defaultdict[Union[int, str], Union[int, str]])
+
+        # arbitrary mappings are not accepted by `defaultdict.__or__`;
+        # it has to be a subclass of `dict`
+        a | d  # type: ignore
+
+        # but Mappings such as `os._Environ` or `CustomMappingWithDunderOr`,
+        # which define `__ror__` methods that accept `dict`, are fine
+        # (`os._Environ.__(r)or__` always returns `dict`, even if a `defaultdict` is passed):
+        assert_type(a | os.environ, dict[Union[str, int], Union[str, int]])
+        assert_type(os.environ | a, dict[Union[str, int], Union[str, int]])
+
+        assert_type(c | os.environ, dict[str, str])
+        assert_type(c | e, dict[str, str])
+
+        assert_type(os.environ | c, dict[str, str])
+        assert_type(e | c, dict[str, str])
+
+        e |= c
+        e |= a  # type: ignore
+
+        # TODO: this test passes mypy, but fails pyright for some reason:
+        # c |= e
+
+        c |= a  # type: ignore