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Jetpack Compose

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Jetpack Compose Android Kotlin API Android

XML Compose

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1

Jetpack Compose @Composable

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Android Studio New Project Empty Activity ComposeTutorial Finish Compose

onCreate Hello world! Text setContent activity

Jetpack Compose Kotlin Compose Text

import android.os.Bundle
import androidx.activity.ComponentActivity
import androidx.activity.compose.setContent
import androidx.compose.material3.Text

class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContent {
            Text("Hello world!")
        }
    }
}
  
[]

@Composable MessageCard

// ...
import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable

class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContent {
            MessageCard("Android")
        }
    }
}

@Composable
fun MessageCard(name: String) {
    Text(text = "Hello $name!")
}

  
[]

Android Studio

@Preview Android Studio Android MessageCard PreviewMessageCard MessageCard @Composable @Preview

// ...
import androidx.compose.ui.tooling.preview.Preview

@Composable
fun MessageCard(name: String) {
    Text(text = "Hello $name!")
}

@Preview
@Composable
fun PreviewMessageCard() {
    MessageCard("Android")
}
  
[]

PreviewMessageCard Android Studio / @Preview

import android.os.Bundle
import androidx.activity.ComponentActivity
import androidx.activity.compose.setContent
import androidx.compose.material3.Text

class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContent {
            Text("Hello world!")
        }
    }
}
  
[]
// ...
import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable

class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContent {
            MessageCard("Android")
        }
    }
}

@Composable
fun MessageCard(name: String) {
    Text(text = "Hello $name!")
}

  
[]
// ...
import androidx.compose.ui.tooling.preview.Preview

@Composable
fun MessageCard(name: String) {
    Text(text = "Hello $name!")
}

@Preview
@Composable
fun PreviewMessageCard() {
    MessageCard("Android")
}
  
[]

2

Compose

[]

Jetpack Compose

Message String MessageCard Text

// ...

class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContent {
            MessageCard(Message("Android", "Jetpack Compose"))
        }
    }
}

data class Message(val author: String, val body: String)

@Composable
fun MessageCard(msg: Message) {
    Text(text = msg.author)
    Text(text = msg.body)
}

@Preview
@Composable
fun PreviewMessageCard() {
    MessageCard(
        msg = Message("Lexi", "Hey, take a look at Jetpack Compose, it's great!")
    )
}

  
[]

Column

Column MessageCard Column
Row Box

// ...
import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Column

@Composable
fun MessageCard(msg: Message) {
    Column {
        Text(text = msg.author)
        Text(text = msg.body)
    }
}
[]
// ...
import androidx.compose.foundation.Image
import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Row
import androidx.compose.ui.res.painterResource

@Composable
fun MessageCard(msg: Message) {
    Row {
        Image(
            painter = painterResource(R.drawable.profile_picture),
            contentDescription = "Contact profile picture",
        )
    
       Column {
            Text(text = msg.author)
            Text(text = msg.body)
        }
  
    }
  
}
  
[]

Compose

// ...
import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Spacer
import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.height
import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.padding
import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.size
import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.width
import androidx.compose.foundation.shape.CircleShape
import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
import androidx.compose.ui.draw.clip
import androidx.compose.ui.unit.dp

@Composable
fun MessageCard(msg: Message) {
    // Add padding around our message
    Row(modifier = Modifier.padding(all = 8.dp)) {
        Image(
            painter = painterResource(R.drawable.profile_picture),
            contentDescription = "Contact profile picture",
            modifier = Modifier
                // Set image size to 40 dp
                .size(40.dp)
                // Clip image to be shaped as a circle
                .clip(CircleShape)
        )

        // Add a horizontal space between the image and the column
        Spacer(modifier = Modifier.width(8.dp))

        Column {
            Text(text = msg.author)
            // Add a vertical space between the author and message texts
            Spacer(modifier = Modifier.height(4.dp))
            Text(text = msg.body)
        }
    }
}
  
[]
// ...

class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContent {
            MessageCard(Message("Android", "Jetpack Compose"))
        }
    }
}

data class Message(val author: String, val body: String)

@Composable
fun MessageCard(msg: Message) {
    Text(text = msg.author)
    Text(text = msg.body)
}

@Preview
@Composable
fun PreviewMessageCard() {
    MessageCard(
        msg = Message("Lexi", "Hey, take a look at Jetpack Compose, it's great!")
    )
}

  
[]
// ...
import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Column

@Composable
fun MessageCard(msg: Message) {
    Column {
        Text(text = msg.author)
        Text(text = msg.body)
    }
}
[]
// ...
import androidx.compose.foundation.Image
import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Row
import androidx.compose.ui.res.painterResource

@Composable
fun MessageCard(msg: Message) {
    Row {
        Image(
            painter = painterResource(R.drawable.profile_picture),
            contentDescription = "Contact profile picture",
        )
    
       Column {
            Text(text = msg.author)
            Text(text = msg.body)
        }
  
    }
  
}
  
[]
// ...
import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Spacer
import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.height
import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.padding
import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.size
import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.width
import androidx.compose.foundation.shape.CircleShape
import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
import androidx.compose.ui.draw.clip
import androidx.compose.ui.unit.dp

@Composable
fun MessageCard(msg: Message) {
    // Add padding around our message
    Row(modifier = Modifier.padding(all = 8.dp)) {
        Image(
            painter = painterResource(R.drawable.profile_picture),
            contentDescription = "Contact profile picture",
            modifier = Modifier
                // Set image size to 40 dp
                .size(40.dp)
                // Clip image to be shaped as a circle
                .clip(CircleShape)
        )

        // Add a horizontal space between the image and the column
        Spacer(modifier = Modifier.width(8.dp))

        Column {
            Text(text = msg.author)
            // Add a vertical space between the author and message texts
            Spacer(modifier = Modifier.height(4.dp))
            Text(text = msg.body)
        }
    }
}
  
[]

3 Material Design

Compose Material Design Material Design Material Design widget

[]

Material Design

Jetpack Compose Material Design 3 Material Design MessageCard

Material ComposeTutorialTheme Surface MessageCard @Preview setContent

Material Design ColorTypographyShape

Empty Compose Activity MaterialTheme ComposeTutorial ui.theme Theme.kt

// ...

class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContent {
            ComposeTutorialTheme {
                Surface(modifier = Modifier.fillMaxSize()) {
                    MessageCard(Message("Android", "Jetpack Compose"))
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

@Preview
@Composable
fun PreviewMessageCard() {
    ComposeTutorialTheme {
        Surface {
            MessageCard(
                msg = Message("Lexi", "Take a look at Jetpack Compose, it's great!")
            )
        }
    }
}


  
[]

Color

MaterialTheme.colorScheme MaterialTheme.kt dynamicColor false

// ...
import androidx.compose.foundation.border
import androidx.compose.material3.MaterialTheme

@Composable
fun MessageCard(msg: Message) {
   Row(modifier = Modifier.padding(all = 8.dp)) {
       Image(
           painter = painterResource(R.drawable.profile_picture),
           contentDescription = null,
           modifier = Modifier
               .size(40.dp)
               .clip(CircleShape)
               .border(1.5.dp, MaterialTheme.colorScheme.primary, CircleShape)
       )

       Spacer(modifier = Modifier.width(8.dp))

       Column {
           Text(
               text = msg.author,
               color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.secondary
           )

           Spacer(modifier = Modifier.height(4.dp))
           Text(text = msg.body)
       }
   }
}

  
[]

Typography

MaterialTheme Material Typography Text

// ...

@Composable
fun MessageCard(msg: Message) {
   Row(modifier = Modifier.padding(all = 8.dp)) {
       Image(
           painter = painterResource(R.drawable.profile_picture),
           contentDescription = null,
           modifier = Modifier
               .size(40.dp)
               .clip(CircleShape)
               .border(1.5.dp, MaterialTheme.colorScheme.primary, CircleShape)
       )
       Spacer(modifier = Modifier.width(8.dp))

       Column {
           Text(
               text = msg.author,
               color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.secondary,
               style = MaterialTheme.typography.titleSmall
           )

           Spacer(modifier = Modifier.height(4.dp))

           Text(
               text = msg.body,
               style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodyMedium
           )
       }
   }
}

  
[]

Shape

Shape Surface

// ...
import androidx.compose.material3.Surface

@Composable
fun MessageCard(msg: Message) {
   Row(modifier = Modifier.padding(all = 8.dp)) {
       Image(
           painter = painterResource(R.drawable.profile_picture),
           contentDescription = null,
           modifier = Modifier
               .size(40.dp)
               .clip(CircleShape)
               .border(1.5.dp, MaterialTheme.colorScheme.primary, CircleShape)
       )
       Spacer(modifier = Modifier.width(8.dp))

       Column {
           Text(
               text = msg.author,
               color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.secondary,
               style = MaterialTheme.typography.titleSmall
           )

           Spacer(modifier = Modifier.height(4.dp))

           Surface(shape = MaterialTheme.shapes.medium, shadowElevation = 1.dp) {
               Text(
                   text = msg.body,
                   modifier = Modifier.padding(all = 4.dp),
                   style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodyMedium
               )
           }
       }
   }
}

  
[]

Material DesignJetpack Compose Material Design

// ...
import android.content.res.Configuration

@Preview(name = "Light Mode")
@Preview(
    uiMode = Configuration.UI_MODE_NIGHT_YES,
    showBackground = true,
    name = "Dark Mode"
)
@Composable
fun PreviewMessageCard() {
   ComposeTutorialTheme {
    Surface {
      MessageCard(
        msg = Message("Lexi", "Hey, take a look at Jetpack Compose, it's great!")
      )
    }
   }
}
  
[]

IDE Theme.kt

// ...
import android.content.res.Configuration

@Preview(name = "Light Mode")
@Preview(
    uiMode = Configuration.UI_MODE_NIGHT_YES,
    showBackground = true,
    name = "Dark Mode"
)
@Composable
fun PreviewMessageCard() {
   ComposeTutorialTheme {
    Surface {
      MessageCard(
        msg = Message("Lexi", "Hey, take a look at Jetpack Compose, it's great!")
      )
    }
   }
}
  
[]
// ...

class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContent {
            ComposeTutorialTheme {
                Surface(modifier = Modifier.fillMaxSize()) {
                    MessageCard(Message("Android", "Jetpack Compose"))
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

@Preview
@Composable
fun PreviewMessageCard() {
    ComposeTutorialTheme {
        Surface {
            MessageCard(
                msg = Message("Lexi", "Take a look at Jetpack Compose, it's great!")
            )
        }
    }
}


  
[]
// ...
import androidx.compose.foundation.border
import androidx.compose.material3.MaterialTheme

@Composable
fun MessageCard(msg: Message) {
   Row(modifier = Modifier.padding(all = 8.dp)) {
       Image(
           painter = painterResource(R.drawable.profile_picture),
           contentDescription = null,
           modifier = Modifier
               .size(40.dp)
               .clip(CircleShape)
               .border(1.5.dp, MaterialTheme.colorScheme.primary, CircleShape)
       )

       Spacer(modifier = Modifier.width(8.dp))

       Column {
           Text(
               text = msg.author,
               color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.secondary
           )

           Spacer(modifier = Modifier.height(4.dp))
           Text(text = msg.body)
       }
   }
}

  
[]
// ...

@Composable
fun MessageCard(msg: Message) {
   Row(modifier = Modifier.padding(all = 8.dp)) {
       Image(
           painter = painterResource(R.drawable.profile_picture),
           contentDescription = null,
           modifier = Modifier
               .size(40.dp)
               .clip(CircleShape)
               .border(1.5.dp, MaterialTheme.colorScheme.primary, CircleShape)
       )
       Spacer(modifier = Modifier.width(8.dp))

       Column {
           Text(
               text = msg.author,
               color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.secondary,
               style = MaterialTheme.typography.titleSmall
           )

           Spacer(modifier = Modifier.height(4.dp))

           Text(
               text = msg.body,
               style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodyMedium
           )
       }
   }
}

  
[]
// ...
import androidx.compose.material3.Surface

@Composable
fun MessageCard(msg: Message) {
   Row(modifier = Modifier.padding(all = 8.dp)) {
       Image(
           painter = painterResource(R.drawable.profile_picture),
           contentDescription = null,
           modifier = Modifier
               .size(40.dp)
               .clip(CircleShape)
               .border(1.5.dp, MaterialTheme.colorScheme.primary, CircleShape)
       )
       Spacer(modifier = Modifier.width(8.dp))

       Column {
           Text(
               text = msg.author,
               color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.secondary,
               style = MaterialTheme.typography.titleSmall
           )

           Spacer(modifier = Modifier.height(4.dp))

           Surface(shape = MaterialTheme.shapes.medium, shadowElevation = 1.dp) {
               Text(
                   text = msg.body,
                   modifier = Modifier.padding(all = 4.dp),
                   style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodyMedium
               )
           }
       }
   }
}

  
[]
// ...
import android.content.res.Configuration

@Preview(name = "Light Mode")
@Preview(
    uiMode = Configuration.UI_MODE_NIGHT_YES,
    showBackground = true,
    name = "Dark Mode"
)
@Composable
fun PreviewMessageCard() {
   ComposeTutorialTheme {
    Surface {
      MessageCard(
        msg = Message("Lexi", "Hey, take a look at Jetpack Compose, it's great!")
      )
    }
   }
}
  
[]
[]

4

Compose

[]

Conversation Compose LazyColumn LazyRow

LazyColumn items List lambda message Message List lambda

// ...
import androidx.compose.foundation.lazy.LazyColumn
import androidx.compose.foundation.lazy.items

@Composable
fun Conversation(messages: List<Message>) {
    LazyColumn {
        items(messages) { message ->
            MessageCard(message)
        }
    }
}

@Preview
@Composable
fun PreviewConversation() {
    ComposeTutorialTheme {
        Conversation(SampleData.conversationSample)
    }
}

  
[]

remember mutableStateOf

remember mutableStateOf

Compose API remember mutableStateOf

Kotlin by Alt+Enter Option+Enter
import androidx.compose.runtime.getValue import androidx.compose.runtime.setValue

// ...
import androidx.compose.foundation.clickable
import androidx.compose.runtime.getValue
import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateOf
import androidx.compose.runtime.remember
import androidx.compose.runtime.setValue

class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
   override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
       super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
       setContent {
           ComposeTutorialTheme {
               Conversation(SampleData.conversationSample)
           }
       }
   }
}

@Composable
fun MessageCard(msg: Message) {
    Row(modifier = Modifier.padding(all = 8.dp)) {
        Image(
            painter = painterResource(R.drawable.profile_picture),
            contentDescription = null,
            modifier = Modifier
                .size(40.dp)
                .clip(CircleShape)
                .border(1.5.dp, MaterialTheme.colorScheme.primary, CircleShape)
        )
        Spacer(modifier = Modifier.width(8.dp))

        // We keep track if the message is expanded or not in this
        // variable
        var isExpanded by remember { mutableStateOf(false) }

        // We toggle the isExpanded variable when we click on this Column
        Column(modifier = Modifier.clickable { isExpanded = !isExpanded }) {
            Text(
                text = msg.author,
                color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.secondary,
                style = MaterialTheme.typography.titleSmall
            )

            Spacer(modifier = Modifier.height(4.dp))

            Surface(
                shape = MaterialTheme.shapes.medium,
                shadowElevation = 1.dp,
            ) {
                Text(
                    text = msg.body,
                    modifier = Modifier.padding(all = 4.dp),
                    // If the message is expanded, we display all its content
                    // otherwise we only display the first line
                    maxLines = if (isExpanded) Int.MAX_VALUE else 1,
                    style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodyMedium
                )
            }
        }
    }
}

  

isExpanded clickable MaterialTheme.colorScheme.surface MaterialTheme.colorScheme.primary Surface animateColorAsState animateContentSize

// ...
import androidx.compose.animation.animateColorAsState
import androidx.compose.animation.animateContentSize

@Composable
fun MessageCard(msg: Message) {
    Row(modifier = Modifier.padding(all = 8.dp)) {
        Image(
            painter = painterResource(R.drawable.profile_picture),
            contentDescription = null,
            modifier = Modifier
                .size(40.dp)
                .clip(CircleShape)
                .border(1.5.dp, MaterialTheme.colorScheme.secondary, CircleShape)
        )
        Spacer(modifier = Modifier.width(8.dp))

        // We keep track if the message is expanded or not in this
        // variable
        var isExpanded by remember { mutableStateOf(false) }
        // surfaceColor will be updated gradually from one color to the other
        val surfaceColor by animateColorAsState(
            if (isExpanded) MaterialTheme.colorScheme.primary else MaterialTheme.colorScheme.surface,
        )

        // We toggle the isExpanded variable when we click on this Column
        Column(modifier = Modifier.clickable { isExpanded = !isExpanded }) {
            Text(
                text = msg.author,
                color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.secondary,
                style = MaterialTheme.typography.titleSmall
            )

            Spacer(modifier = Modifier.height(4.dp))

            Surface(
                shape = MaterialTheme.shapes.medium,
                shadowElevation = 1.dp,
                // surfaceColor color will be changing gradually from primary to surface
                color = surfaceColor,
                // animateContentSize will change the Surface size gradually
                modifier = Modifier.animateContentSize().padding(1.dp)
            ) {
                Text(
                    text = msg.body,
                    modifier = Modifier.padding(all = 4.dp),
                    // If the message is expanded, we display all its content
                    // otherwise we only display the first line
                    maxLines = if (isExpanded) Int.MAX_VALUE else 1,
                    style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodyMedium
                )
            }
        }
    }
}

  
// ...
import androidx.compose.foundation.lazy.LazyColumn
import androidx.compose.foundation.lazy.items

@Composable
fun Conversation(messages: List<Message>) {
    LazyColumn {
        items(messages) { message ->
            MessageCard(message)
        }
    }
}

@Preview
@Composable
fun PreviewConversation() {
    ComposeTutorialTheme {
        Conversation(SampleData.conversationSample)
    }
}

  
[]
// ...
import androidx.compose.foundation.clickable
import androidx.compose.runtime.getValue
import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateOf
import androidx.compose.runtime.remember
import androidx.compose.runtime.setValue

class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
   override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
       super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
       setContent {
           ComposeTutorialTheme {
               Conversation(SampleData.conversationSample)
           }
       }
   }
}

@Composable
fun MessageCard(msg: Message) {
    Row(modifier = Modifier.padding(all = 8.dp)) {
        Image(
            painter = painterResource(R.drawable.profile_picture),
            contentDescription = null,
            modifier = Modifier
                .size(40.dp)
                .clip(CircleShape)
                .border(1.5.dp, MaterialTheme.colorScheme.primary, CircleShape)
        )
        Spacer(modifier = Modifier.width(8.dp))

        // We keep track if the message is expanded or not in this
        // variable
        var isExpanded by remember { mutableStateOf(false) }

        // We toggle the isExpanded variable when we click on this Column
        Column(modifier = Modifier.clickable { isExpanded = !isExpanded }) {
            Text(
                text = msg.author,
                color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.secondary,
                style = MaterialTheme.typography.titleSmall
            )

            Spacer(modifier = Modifier.height(4.dp))

            Surface(
                shape = MaterialTheme.shapes.medium,
                shadowElevation = 1.dp,
            ) {
                Text(
                    text = msg.body,
                    modifier = Modifier.padding(all = 4.dp),
                    // If the message is expanded, we display all its content
                    // otherwise we only display the first line
                    maxLines = if (isExpanded) Int.MAX_VALUE else 1,
                    style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodyMedium
                )
            }
        }
    }
}

  
// ...
import androidx.compose.animation.animateColorAsState
import androidx.compose.animation.animateContentSize

@Composable
fun MessageCard(msg: Message) {
    Row(modifier = Modifier.padding(all = 8.dp)) {
        Image(
            painter = painterResource(R.drawable.profile_picture),
            contentDescription = null,
            modifier = Modifier
                .size(40.dp)
                .clip(CircleShape)
                .border(1.5.dp, MaterialTheme.colorScheme.secondary, CircleShape)
        )
        Spacer(modifier = Modifier.width(8.dp))

        // We keep track if the message is expanded or not in this
        // variable
        var isExpanded by remember { mutableStateOf(false) }
        // surfaceColor will be updated gradually from one color to the other
        val surfaceColor by animateColorAsState(
            if (isExpanded) MaterialTheme.colorScheme.primary else MaterialTheme.colorScheme.surface,
        )

        // We toggle the isExpanded variable when we click on this Column
        Column(modifier = Modifier.clickable { isExpanded = !isExpanded }) {
            Text(
                text = msg.author,
                color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.secondary,
                style = MaterialTheme.typography.titleSmall
            )

            Spacer(modifier = Modifier.height(4.dp))

            Surface(
                shape = MaterialTheme.shapes.medium,
                shadowElevation = 1.dp,
                // surfaceColor color will be changing gradually from primary to surface
                color = surfaceColor,
                // animateContentSize will change the Surface size gradually
                modifier = Modifier.animateContentSize().padding(1.dp)
            ) {
                Text(
                    text = msg.body,
                    modifier = Modifier.padding(all = 4.dp),
                    // If the message is expanded, we display all its content
                    // otherwise we only display the first line
                    maxLines = if (isExpanded) Int.MAX_VALUE else 1,
                    style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodyMedium
                )
            }
        }
    }
}

  

Compose Material Design 100

Compose Compose
Codelab Jetpack Compose
[null,null,[],[],[]]

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