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C++
(C++20)
(C++20)
(C++11)
(C++20)
/
(C++11)
(C++11)
(C++11)
(C++17)
 
++
 
 

.

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1) :
a) , .
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3) :
a) ,
b) , typedef ( C++11)
c) ( , ): --
4) , , using- using enum ( C++20)
5) ( , ( C++14) ) //.

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T T ,

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T, , .

virtual - . , , dynamic_cast typeid. - .

- . .

constexpr LiteralType: constexpr .

( C++11)

,

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 ( C++20)
( C++20)


,

  • ,
  • , , ,
( C++20)
( C++20)


,

  • ( )
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  • , . , : S, M(S) , M(X) X :
  • X (, ) , M(X) .
  • X , X0 ( ), M(X) X0 M(X0).
  • X , M(X) M(Ui) , Ui, Ui i- X.
  • X Xe, M(X) Xe M(Xe).
  • X , M(X) .
 ( C++11)


, struct class. , union. }}


,

  • , ( C++11) ( C++11),
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 ( C++20)


POD

POD ,

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 ( C++11)
  • ,
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  • , POD ( ).
 ( C++11)


POD POD, . POD , POD.

POD . .

( C++20)
 ( C++20)

C++:

CWG 148 C++98 POD ,
POD ()
CWG 383 C++98
POD,
CWG 1363 C++11 ,
, ,
CWG 1496 C++11 , ,
,
CWG 1672 C++11 ,

CWG 1734 C++11
//
CWG 1813 C++11 ,
,

CWG 1881 C++11
,

CWG 1909 C++98 ,
CWG 2120 C++11 M(X)
,

M(X)
CWG 2605 C++98
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