What

Adds Sprite3d, the 3D counterpart of Sprite: a textured quad rendered under a Camera3d for the 2.5D workflow (characters, pickups, foliage, signs, particles). As a thin Mesh subclass it rides the same world-space pipeline (depth testing, frustum culling) and material flags (lit, emissive, alphaCutoff).

Frame animation is now shared between Sprite and Sprite3d via a new FrameAnimation engine, so 2D and 3D animation behave identically.

Highlights

• Billboarding — billboard: false | "cylindrical" | "spherical" (Camera3d-only). Same up/forward convention as a loaded glTF scene, so they compose without flipping.
• Shared FrameAnimation engine — one implementation drives both hosts (addAnimation / setCurrentAnimation / play / pause / stop, looping/chaining/speed). Engine owns the animation state; hosts expose it via accessors and apply frames through an applyFrame callback.
  • Dirty-flag ownership: the host owns isDirty (set in _applyFrame); the engine never reads/writes it, and update() returns a pure changed signal. Both hosts' update() are uniform (engine → super.update()).
• Texture atlas parity — packed TextureAtlas regions including rotated and trimmed frames map onto the quad (90° UV permutation + logical-frame sub-rect placement). Mesh's resolver is now framewidth/frameheight-aware.
• Alpha cutout — the mesh pass is opaque, so alphaCutoff defaults to 0.5 to cleanly cut out a sprite's transparent background (correct depth, no sorting); 0 for a fully-opaque quad.
• flipX() / flipY() — mirror the local quad geometry; works across all billboard modes + rotated/trimmed regions, and persists through animation cycles.
• Camera3d.getBasis / getRight / getUp / getForward — world-space basis accessors.
• Pooled current.offset released on destroy() (also fixes a pre-existing Sprite leak).

Example

New Billboard Sprites example: the same animated character shown in all three billboard modes side by side (FIXED goes edge-on; UPRIGHT/FACE keep facing the camera) with floating name tags. Uses the shared cityscene atlas (packer-rotated + trimmed capguy/walk frames), so it also validates atlas mapping + transparency end-to-end.

Tests

• Host-parametrized battery run against both Sprite and Sprite3d (every accessor + proxied method, adversarial cases, dirty-flag ownership, the changed return).
• FrameAnimation in isolation (proves the engine sets no isDirty).
• Sprite3d: billboard orientation (deterministic worldToScreen), trim/rotation/combined atlas mapping, alphaCutoff, flipX/flipY (incl. flip × rotated/trimmed atlas, full-cycle persistence, on-screen mirror), resource cleanup.

Full suite: 4399 passing, lint 0 errors, types clean, examples tsc clean.

Docs

CHANGELOG (19.8 _unreleased_) and the Working in 3D wiki page updated (Sprite3d section: billboard modes, animation, atlas parity, transparency/alphaCutoff, flipX/flipY, add-to-world examples).

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