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JavaScript . . , , . , . , . , , , .
JavaScript, , . JavaScript , .
JavaScript , . , , . , , , , , .. , JavaScript , .
JavaScript , . , . JavaScript, , . . :
objectName.propertyName;
JavaScript, ( ) . . , myCar make, model, year :
var myCar = new Object();
myCar.make = "Ford";
myCar.model = "Mustang";
myCar.year = 1969;
myCar.color; // undefined
JavaScript ( . property accessors). , , . , , myCar :
myCar["make"] = "Ford";
myCar["model"] = "Mustang";
myCar["year"] = 1969;
JavaScript, , , . , , JavaScript (, ), . , ( ). :
var myObj = new Object(),
str = "myString",
rand = Math.random(),
obj = new Object();
myObj.type = "Dot syntax";
myObj["date created"] = "String with space";
myObj[str] = "String value";
myObj[rand] = "Random Number";
myObj[obj] = "Object";
myObj[""] = "Even an empty string";
console.log(myObj);
, String, JavaScript String. , , obj myObj, JavaScript obj.toString () .
, , :
var propertyName = "make";
myCar[propertyName] = "Ford";
propertyName = "model";
myCar[propertyName] = "Mustang";
for...in , . , , :
function showProps(obj, objName) {
var result = "";
for (var i in obj) {
if (obj.hasOwnProperty(i)) {
result += objName + "." + i + " = " + obj[i] + "\n";
}
}
return result;
}
showProps(myCar, "myCar"), :
myCar.make = Ford;
myCar.model = Mustang;
myCar.year = 1969;
ECMAScript 5, ( ):
o.o.ECMAScript 5 . :
function listAllProperties(o) {
var objectToInspect;
var result = [];
for (
objectToInspect = o;
objectToInspect !== null;
objectToInspect = Object.getPrototypeOf(objectToInspect)
) {
result = result.concat(Object.getOwnPropertyNames(objectToInspect));
}
return result;
}
(hidden) ( , , , ). , .
JavaScript . . JavaScript 1.2, . - new.
- , . , , . :
var obj = {
property_1: value_1, // property_# may be an identifier...
2: value_2, // or a number...
// ...,
"property n": value_n,
}; // or a string
obj , property_i (, ), value_i , property_i. obj ; , . ( , , , , .)
, JavaScript , , , . , , , .
x, cond .
if (cond) var x = { hi: "there" };
myHonda . , engine .
var myHonda = {
color: "red",
wheels: 4,
engine: {
cylinders: 4,
size: 2.2,
},
};
JavaScript 1.1 . - , . Using a constructor function.
:
new. , , , . , . , car, , make, model, year. , :
function Car(make, model, year) {
this.make = make;
this.model = model;
this.year = year;
}
, this ( ) .
, mycar, :
var mycar = new Car("Eagle", "Talon TSi", 1993);
Car mycar . mycar.make "Eagle", mycar.year 1993, .
car, , new. :
var kenscar = new Car("Nissan", "300ZX", 1992);
var vpgscar = new Car("Mazda", "Miata", 1990);
, . , Person :
function Person(name, age, sex) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.sex = sex;
}
Person :
var rand = new Person("Rand McKinnon", 33, "M");
var ken = new Person("Ken Jones", 39, "M");
, car owner, person :
function Car(make, model, year, owner) {
this.make = make;
this.model = model;
this.year = year;
this.owner = owner;
}
, , :
var car1 = new Car("Eagle", "Talon TSi", 1993, rand);
var car2 = new Car("Nissan", "300ZX", 1992, ken);
, , , , rand ken . , car2, :
car2.owner.name;
, . ,
car1.color = "black";
color car1, "black." , . , car.
Object.create. , .
// Animal
var Animal = {
type: "Invertebrates", // type
displayType: function () {
// Animal
console.log(this.type);
},
};
// Animal
var animal1 = Object.create(Animal);
animal1.displayType(); // :Invertebrates
// Animal type = Fishes
var fish = Object.create(Animal);
fish.type = "Fishes";
fish.displayType(); // :Fishes
JavaScript . , , prototype .
JavaScript 1.0 , . JavaScript 1.1 , , , , .
( Car ) (, myCar.color = "red"). , myCar[5] = "25 mpg", myCar[5].
, HTML, forms. ( HTML ), ( ). , html- <FORM> NAME "myForm", : document.forms[1] document.forms["myForm"] document.myForm.
prototype. prototype , , . , color car, color car1.
Car.prototype.color = null;
car1.color = "black";
prototype Function JavaScript .
, , , , . , , , . :
objectName.methodname = function_name;
var myObj = {
myMethod: function (params) {
// ...do something
},
};
objectName , methodname , , function_name .
:
object.methodname(params);
, . , , car. ,
function displayCar() {
var result = "A Beautiful " + this.year + " " + this.make + " " + this.model;
pretty_print(result);
}
pretty_print . , this , .
car,
this.displayCar = displayCar;
. , car :
function Car(make, model, year, owner) {
this.make = make;
this.model = model;
this.year = year;
this.owner = owner;
this.displayCar = displayCar;
}
displayCar :
car1.displayCar();
car2.displayCar();
this JavaScript this, , . , validate, value, :
function validate(obj, lowval, hival) {
if (obj.value < lowval || obj.value > hival) alert("Invalid Value!");
}
validate , onchange. this , :
<input type="text" name="age" size="3" />
, this , .
this , form. myForm Text button1. , Text . onclick this.form , myForm.
<form name="myForm">
<p>
<label>Form name:<input type="text" name="text1" value="Beluga" /></label>
</p>
<p>
<input
name="button1"
type="button"
value="Show Form Name"
/>
</p>
</form>
( . get - ) , . ( . set ) , . , . .
, :
var o = {
a: 7,
get b() {
return this.a + 1;
},
set c(x) {
this.a = x / 2;
},
};
console.log(o.a); // 7
console.log(o.b); // 8
o.c = 50;
console.log(o.a); // 25
o :
o.a o.b , o.a 1o.c , o.a o.c , , "[gs]et propertyName() { }" . , Object.defineProperty ( Object.prototype.__defineGetter__).
, Date year, Date. Date - getFullYear setFullYear .
year:
var d = Date.prototype;
Object.defineProperty(d, "year", {
get: function () {
return this.getFullYear();
},
set: function (y) {
this.setFullYear(y);
},
});
year :
var now = new Date();
console.log(now.year); // 2000
now.year = 2001; // 987617605170
console.log(now);
// Wed Apr 18 11:13:25 GMT-0700 (Pacific Daylight Time) 2001
, :
var o = {
a: 7,
get b() {
return this.a + 1;
},
set c(x) {
this.a = x / 2;
},
};
, , Object.defineProperties. - , . - , , - . , :
var o = { a: 0 };
Object.defineProperties(o, {
b: {
get: function () {
return this.a + 1;
},
},
c: {
set: function (x) {
this.a = x / 2;
},
},
});
o.c = 10; // , 10 / 2 (5) 'a'
console.log(o.b); // , a + 1 ( 6)
, , . , , , , . . , , , , . JavaScript .
delete. .
//Creates a new object, myobj, with two properties, a and b.
var myobj = new Object();
myobj.a = 5;
myobj.b = 12;
//Removes the a property, leaving myobj with only the b property.
delete myobj.a;
delete , var :
g = 17;
delete g;
[delete](Expressions_and_operators#delete) .
JavaScript . , . true.
//
var fruit = { name: "apple" };
var fruitbear = { name: "apple" };
fruit == fruitbear; // false
fruit === fruitbear; // false
//
var fruit = { name: "apple" };
var fruitbear = fruit; // fruitbear fruit
// fruitbear fruit
fruit == fruitbear; // true
fruit === fruitbear; // true
fruit.name = "grape";
console.log(fruitbear); // { name: "grape" } { name: "apple" }
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