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encodeURIComponent()

Baseline Widely available

This feature is well established and works across many devices and browser versions. Its been available across browsers since 2015 ..

encodeURIComponent() - , (URI) , , , UTF-8 ( 4 , 2 "" ).

In this article

encodeURIComponent(str);

str

. URI.

encodeURIComponent , : , , - _ . ! ~ * ' ( )

: URIError , , - , :

js
// -  - 
console.log(encodeURIComponent("\uD800\uDFFF"));

//     "URIError: malformed URI sequence"
console.log(encodeURIComponent("\uD800"));

//     "URIError: malformed URI sequence"
console.log(encodeURIComponent("\uDFFF"));

, encodeURIComponent , URI. , "Thyme &time=again" comment. encodeURIComponent comment=Thyme%20&time=again. , -. "Thyme &time=again", POST , - "Thyme", (time) "again".

application/x-www-form-urlencoded "+", encodeURIComponent "%20" "+".

RFC 3986 ( !, ', (, ), *), , URI , :

js
function fixedEncodeURIComponent(str) {
  return encodeURIComponent(str).replace(/[!'()*]/g, function (c) {
    return "%" + c.charCodeAt(0).toString(16);
  });
}

, UTF-8: Content-Disposition Link ( , UTF-8):

js
var fileName = "my file(2).txt";
var header =
  "Content-Disposition: attachment; filename*=UTF-8''" +
  encodeRFC5987ValueChars(fileName);

console.log(header);
//  "Content-Disposition: attachment; filename*=UTF-8''my%20file%282%29.txt"

function encodeRFC5987ValueChars(str) {
  return (
    encodeURIComponent(str)
      // :  RFC3986  "!", RFC5987   ,       
      .replace(/['()]/g, escape) // i.e., %27 %28 %29
      .replace(/\*/g, "%2A")
      //        RFC5987,          : |`^
      .replace(/%(?:7C|60|5E)/g, unescape)
  );
}

Specification
ECMAScript 2027 LanguageSpecification
# sec-encodeuricomponent-uricomponent

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